sailboat vs kayak right of way

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Kayaking - Rules of the Road

One of the great things about kayaking is that on a very simple level, you can just slip on a life jacket, grab a paddle, and start paddling around without any prior experience. But something that all paddlers should be aware of are the general rules of the road when it comes to navigating our waterways, particularly in the high-use areas.

The biggest problem for kayakers is that compared to motorized boat traffic, we move at a snail's pace on the water, which makes it tough to get out of the way of other boats. We also carry a very low profile on the water, which can make it difficult for other boats to see us, even when we're in wide-open water. This is why it's important to understand how other boats navigate through the waterways so that, as kayakers, we can choose a course that minimizes our time spent in the path of bigger and faster boats.

Looking at navigation on a very basic level, you'll find colored buoys on almost any waterway that has regular motorized boat traffic. The red and green buoys are there to define the main channel and the safest path for powerboats to take. To help remember where the main channel is, use the rule of three "R"s: red, right, returning, which simply means if you're paddling upstream on a river or if you're returning from open water, you'll want to keep the red markers on your right side to stay in the main boating channel.

Of course for kayakers, though, the main channel is a great spot to just avoid whenever you can. Although you can expect most boat traffic to stay in these main channels, smaller powerboats that can travel through shallow water are a lot less predictable, and so they tend to present the biggest threat to paddlers. And so, in general, in high-traffic areas, it's a good idea for paddlers to stay close to shore and for any crossing of the main channel to happen as quickly as possible.

One inevitability if you're paddling in a high-boat-traffic area is dealing with boat wake, and powerboats can kick up some pretty significant waves. The most controlled and stable way to deal with a boat's wake is to point your kayak directly into the oncoming waves and to continue to paddle as you pass over them. 

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Understanding Boating Right of Way Rules

Since there are no yellow or white lines or stop signs on bodies of water, it can be difficult to understand who has the right of way in boating. Right of way rules (often referenced as the "rules of the road" or navigation rules ) are specifically defined maneuvering regulations designed primarily to avoid a collision between vessels. There are many rules and they differ by type of vessel, the operations that vessel is involved in at the time, and where the vessel is located (on inland or offshore waters).

Learning and memorizing all of them is a tall order for boaters of all experience levels, but it’s imperative to know the basics and then have the proper reference tools aboard to consult for all the more nuanced regulations.

5 Boating Right of Way Basics

• Vessels under sail (without auxiliary power engaged) have right of way over powerboats in most cases. There are exceptions as described above and in an overtaking situation.
• When crossing, the boat on the right (approaching from starboard) has the right of way. At night, you’ll see a red light moving across your horizon to the left. If there is a constant speed and bearing, you’re on a collision course and need to take evasive action.
• When meeting head-on, each vessel must alter course to starboard if possible to give a wide berth to the oncoming vessel. At night you’ll initially see both red and green lights.
• Any vessel overtaking another must keep clear of the stand-on vessel. You must keep clear if you’re coming up from behind and passing any vessel even if you are under sail and are coming up on a powered vessel. At night you’ll see a white light.
• When approaching another vessel whose intentions aren’t clear, take evasive actions early and make them clear in order to communicate effectively with the other vessel. In other words, slow down and make any course changes large enough to be understood and consistent (don’t drive haphazardly).

Boating Etiquette: Reading Between "The Rules"

Sailing Right of Way

When two boats that are both under sail meet, the following rules apply:

• The boat on a starboard tack has the right of way—the wind coming over the starboard rail.
• When two vessels are on the same tack (the wind is coming from the same side), the leeward boat (downwind) has the right of way over the windward boat (that presumably has clean air for better sailing conditions).
• When on the same tack in a passing situation, the vessel being overtaken has the right of way—always.

It’s your responsibility as the captain to know the basics and to act in a responsible manner to avoid a collision even if you’re the stand-on vessel. Slow down, evaluate the situation, make your intentions clear and in the end, presume the other guy has no clue and avoid an accident.

For a complete listing of navigation rules, refer to “Navigation Rules of the Road” published by the U.S. Coast Guard (COMDTINST 16672.2 Series), available through the U.S. Government printing office and also available here online .

Vessel Types, Categories & Definitions

Navigation rules focus on how and where vessels move. These are also supplemented by light and sound signaling rules that are covered under different sections of what is called COLREGS, the International Regulations for Prevention of Collision at Sea, and they govern the responsibilities of vessel operators in inland and international waters. A copy of the Rules of the Road can be purchased at chandleries and a must be carried aboard vessels of 40 feet or longer.

The type of vessel will often dictate a captain’s course of action. Powerboats are propelled by machinery. Sailboats under sail are in one category but a sailboat with its auxiliary motor turned on and in gear is considered to be a powerboat even if its sails are up. The following vessels also have priority in certain cases:

• Vessels constrained by draft (boats with a deep draft moving through shallow channels).
• Vessels restricted in their ability to maneuver (boats that may be too large to be agile in a small body of water or those actively operating as tugs, buoy tenders, or those engaged in commercial fishing with gear deployed, etc.).
• Vessels not under command (no one is in charge for whatever reason).

Vessel circumstances are defined differently. A stand-on vessel has the right of way and must maintain course and speed. It must also acknowledge understanding the intentions of the give-way vessel if signaled. The give-way or “burdened” vessel has the responsibility to maneuver safely around the stand-on vessel.

Marine Navigation: How to Navigate a Boat

Frequently Asked Questions

Q. If I’m towing a wakeboarder and another boat that’s not towing is in my way, who has the right of way?

If you’re towing on a lake or river, inland rules of the road still apply. However, your priority should be the safety of both vessels and the person you’re towing so if you must take evasive action, signal your boarder and stop, slow down or turn to avoid an accident.

Q. My boat is only 20 feet long. Do I still need to have a copy of the U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Rules onboard?

You don’t need a copy onboard, but you do need to know the basics. If you’re hazy on any part, a copy may be a good investment.

Read Next: 5 Best Marine Navigation Apps for Boaters

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• Right of Way Rules for Boating

If you’re a new boat owner or you need a refresher on the right of way rules for boating — this article is for you.

While we all love to have fun on the water,  safety is always the priority . You may be intimidated thinking about driving your new boat down a crowded waterway with all different types of vessels crossing your path. How does everyone know where to go and how to stay out of each other’s way? Fortunately, there are regulations to minimize collisions and to maintain order and safety. However, it is also important to note that despite the rules, it is always your responsibility to avoid a collision, no matter the scenario.

Every good captain must know the right way to approach interactions with other boats — just like how it’s essential to know traffic rules when driving a car. When you understand the fundamental boating right of way rules for rivers, oceans and harbors, you’ll be able to cruise through the most crowded waterways with ease. Let’s dive in.

The Importance of Knowing Boating Right of Way Rules

The United States Coast Guard reported almost 4,300  recreational boat accidents in 2017 . Surprisingly, most recreational boaters aren’t familiar with the boat right of way rules, which causes confusion and makes their boating experience less safe and more stressful. If you master even the basic principles of boat-passing rules, you’ll know how to behave in any situation and keep your cool.

As the captain of your vessel, it’s your responsibility to maintain the safety of your boat and everyone onboard. The more knowledgeable you are about how to do that — such as by knowing and understanding boating right-of-way-rules and collision regulations — the less you have to worry about something going wrong.

First things first — a few general tips and boating rules for maintaining navigational safety:

Don’t Go Too Fast

If you can increase the overall safety of your vessel or a vessel nearby by slowing down, you should. Sometimes the conditions are right to go fast, and sometimes they aren’t. It’s the job of a good skipper to know the difference. Take into account how many other boats are around you and if you have the proper space to slow down quickly.

Be Cautious of Other Boaters

Just like when you’re driving a car, just because the rules of the road exist, it doesn’t mean everyone follows them. Recreational boaters are notorious for not following the rules. If their actions seem unsafe, keep enough distance between you and them so that any unexpected maneuver won’t catch you off guard.

Always Be Respectful and Conscientious

While sometimes you may be operating under legal conditions, it’s still nice to give other boaters the respect and the space they deserve. Just because you have the right of way doesn’t mean you have to take it every time.

Avoid All Government Vessels and Restricted Areas

These vessels and areas almost always have the right of way, and it’s best to give them plenty of space.

Give Way If It Makes Sense

Even if you have the right of way in a situation that could be dangerous, it’s your responsibility to alter your course if it means avoiding an accident. If you did not change your course and an accident occurred, it’s possible you could still be at least partially at fault even if you did have the right of way. Safety always takes precedence.

Rules for Different Boating Scenarios

How two boats approach each other determines which has the right of way. Position, direction and the different levels of priority for different vessels make up the majority of the rules on the water. We’ll get into the different types of vessel priority a little later.

When a vessel has the right of way, they’re called the  “stand-on” or “burdened” vessel . If you’re the stand-on vessel, you have to confirm the actions of the give-way vessel by maintaining your course and speed until you pass them or need to alter your course.

The “stand-off” or “give-way” vessel is the one that doesn’t have the right of way.

What does it mean to give another vessel right of way? You must ensure they can hold their current course and speed, which may mean substantially altering your course in a way that’s clear to the stand-on vessel.

For this article, we’re assuming you operate a power-driven vessel — the rules are a little more complicated if you’re sailing.

Here are some common scenarios you’re likely to encounter on the water:

1. Approaching a Non-Power Vessel

When you’re approaching a vessel without motor power, such as a sailboat, they have the right of way.

An important note — a sailboat must be “under sail” to qualify for the right of way over power-driven vessels. If they’re using their small outboard motor instead, they have the same right of way as a normal powerboat .

In recent years we have seen a proliferation of human-powered craft in the form of kayaks and paddle boards. The  Navigation Rules  refer to human-powered craft as “vessels under oars” and they are singled out only in the lighting rules. Otherwise they are simply “vessels.” We may encounter these vessels in three different navigational situations. We may encounter them in overtaking situations. The vessel being overtaken is the most privileged vessel on the high seas. Give that human-powered craft a wide birth when overtaking, being mindful of your wake as you do. The two other navigational situations in which we may encounter paddlers are head-on and crossing situations.

Interestingly, the rules don’t make specific provisions for power-driven vessels encountering vessels under oars in head-on and crossing scenarios. Rule 2 is the “responsibility” rule, and it, in essence, tells us to use good judgment based on the whole of the navigational picture. In head-on situations, the standard port to port passing should serve us well. In crossing situations, there’s no reason why we can’t apply the rules of power-driven vessels as well. The vessel that has the other to her starboard shall give way. In short, Rule 8 tells us we must take all reasonable action to avoid a collision. Vessels under oars move relatively slowly and are easy to avoid. When encountering them take early and positive action to pass at a safe distance. In any case of uncertainty, the rules tell us we should slacken our speed.

2. Approaching Power-Driven Vessels

When two boats have the same priority of right of way based on their classification, the determining factors become position and direction of travel.

To determine the position of another vessel relative to your own, you must know the different “sectors” of your vessel, i.e., starboard, port and stern. Once you identify where another boat is relative to your own, you’ll know who has the right of way.

Using the following simple rules, you’ll have a good grasp on how to behave around other powerboats :

1. If another vessel is approaching you from the port — or left — side of your boat, you have the right of way and should maintain your speed and direction.

2. If a vessel is aiming to cross your path and they’re on your starboard — or right — side, they have the right of way. Alter your course so that you will pass them at a safe distance and in a way that is apparent to the other skipper.

3. Any vessel that is approaching your boat for the stern doesn’t have the right of way. Maintain your speed and course. Whenever a boat is overtaking another, the vessel in front always has the right of way and should be allowed to continue their original course unhindered. This is the case even if the vessel behind has a higher level of right-of-way priority, such as a sailboat.

When the sun goes down, and boaters turn on their navigational lights, there’s an easy way to remember to who has the right of way:

• – When you see a red navigational light on another boat, it’s indicating their port side, and they have the right of way — red means stop.
• – When you see a green navigational light, you’re approaching a vessel from their starboard side, and you have the right of way — green means go.
• – How do you know if you’re overtaking another vessel at night? Look for their white stern light and steer clear. The stern light shines at  22.5 degrees on either side of the boat  behind the widest point — the beam.

Knowing the basics listed above will have you in great shape in most boating situations. Below are some of the best practices that will help take your navigational skills to the next level:

If You’re Passing through a Crowded Harbor

One of the best tips for this scenario is to always aim for the stern of a boat you want to go behind — this lets the operator of the other boat know that you intend to go behind them and they can continue their course. Captains will sometimes use a VHF radio to communicate their intention to “take the stern” of another boat as a courtesy and to keep traffic flowing more smoothly.

If You Meet Another Boat Head-on

Under the boating rules of the road, vessels approaching each other head-on are always supposed to pass each other port to port — or left to left, just like on the road. However, crowded harbors and times when many boats come together at once make this difficult to follow all the time — stick to the rules as much as possible, but use your best judgment to keep everyone safe.

If You Want To Use a Horn To Communicate or You Hear Another Vessel’s Horn

Experienced skippers will sometimes use their horns to communicate. If you want to move past another boat in a narrow channel or if you’re overtaking another vessel and would like to pass, you may sound your horn for two short blasts. If you receive two short blasts back, the other skipper is signaling that the maneuver is okay. If they sound five short blasts in response, that means passing is unsafe, and you shouldn’t pass the vessel — in any situation, if you ever hear five short horn blasts, be on alert. This is the signal for imminent danger. Please keep in mind that international rules can differ.

If You’re on a “Collision Course” With Another Vessel

Remember, you must alter your course with ample time to safely avoid a collision, even if you are the stand-on vessel. The definition of a “collision course” is when the bearing from your boat to another isn’t changing, while the distance between your two boats is shrinking.

Once you’re familiar with the basic rules of the road, use them with your best judgment, and navigating through boat traffic will be a breeze.

Right of Way Between Different Types of Vessels

Now that you know the basic rules of the road, we’ll cover a few special situations you may encounter. Besides the basics of power versus non-power boat rules, there’s a pecking order when it comes to the right of way — different vessels and different conditions determine who is the stand-on vessel.

Here’s the  U.S. Coast Guard list , from the highest level of right of way to the lowest:

1. A Vessel Not Under Command or a Vessel Restricted in Its Ability to Maneuver

The Coast Guard gives these two types of vessels the same level of priority. A boat “not under command” means that an unexpected circumstance is keeping the boat from maneuvering, like an engine or steering failure.

A vessel that restricted in its ability to maneuver is unable to move out of the way of other boats due to the nature of its work, like a buoy tender fixing a navigational aid or vessel transferring passengers while underway.

2. A Vessel Being Overtaken

Any boat approaching a vessel from astern must give them the right of way.

3. A Boat Engaged in Fishing

When a boat has commercial fishing equipment deployed, that restricts their ability to maneuver. Therefore, they have the right of way.

4. A Vessel Under Sail or Not Under Power

A vessel under sail as well as other watercraft that are not powered, — such as canoes, kayaks, paddleboards, etc. — have the right of way over powered-vessels.

5. A Power-driven Vessel

As a power-driven vessel, you must give way to all the other categories above. If you are converging on another powered boat, either head-on or astern, the right-of-way rules mentioned earlier apply.

A few more unique situations that the Coast Guard doesn’t include on their simplified list are:

• – Whenever you hear a siren or see blue flashing lights on an emergency or law-enforcement vessel, give them the right of way just like you would an ambulance or a police vehicle.
• – Keep an eye out for tugboats and other vessels towing — if in the open ocean, they can have a submerged tow-line with a lot of distance between them and their tow.
• – Always take the stern of large commercial tankers and container ships in the ocean, and never try to cross in front of them. While it may look like they’re not moving, they can be  running at over 20 knots .
• – Steer clear of docked or moving ferries — some have submerged cable lines. Watch other boats and how they navigate around the ferry before crossing yourself.
• –  Any boat under 65 feet  is obligated to steer clear of larger, less maneuverable vessels.

It’s important to maintain a proper lookout at all times when operating your vessel. If your boat is small enough, you may be able to keep track of everything by yourself. If you have a larger boat, you’ll probably want some help from a friend onboard — especially when leaving the dock or landing. Having an extra set of eyes is helpful to any captain, no matter how seasoned.

If you apply these tips and remain alert and responsible when operating your boat, there’s no reason you should get into a collision. If someone who isn’t following the rules happens to bump into you, following the rules only helps your case.

You can find a copy of the USCG Navigation Rules in most boating supply stores, and you can also  download it online . It’s a good idea for any boater to carry a copy onboard, and it’s mandatory for  any vessel over 39 feet in length. Be sure to look up your state’s navigational rules before you set out, as they may vary depending on location.

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Right-of-Way Rules for Boaters

• By Jeff Hemmel
• April 20, 2022

There is no right of way on the water. Every boater is obligated to do what is required to avoid collision. In any meeting of boats, one is deemed the stand-on vessel and the other the give-way vessel. The rules of the road explain the situation more completely and can be learned in a boating safety course. This article serves as a refresher and a reminder on how to handle some common meeting scenarios.

While more common in a channel or narrow pass, head-to-head meetings can happen anywhere on the water. When encountering an oncoming boat head-on, the rule is simple: Each boat is a give-way or burdened vessel and should stay to its right, altering course to starboard and allowing each craft to pass to the port (left) side of the other boat.

If the other boat is to your starboard (right), it’s considered the stand-on or privileged vessel and is obligated to maintain course and speed. Your boat is the give-way vessel and is obligated to slow or alter course to pass behind it, ideally. If the boat intersecting your path is to port (left), it’s the give-way vessel. It’s obligated to yield while you’re obligated to maintain course and speed.

When overtaking another boat, keep in mind that the other boat is the stand-on vessel and yours is the give-way vessel. Your first move? Determine to which side of that craft is the safest to pass. Consider oncoming traffic, waterway markers, obstacles, or even bends in the channel. Once you have a clear path with good forward visibility, increase your speed enough so that you can safely overtake the other vessel, giving the craft a wide berth.

Encountering Kayaks, Sailboats, Etc.

Some vessels will almost always be the stand-on boat, and you must yield no matter the scenario, unless doing so will create an unsafe situation. Typically, this list includes paddlecraft and sailboats not under power, but it also includes larger craft, like ships or freighters. Realize these craft are not as maneuverable as most powerboats and, as such, the powerboat is deemed the give-way vessel.

Read Next: Boating Navigation Basics

When the Other Guy Doesn’t Know the Rules

No matter if you are the stand-on or give-way vessel, always be prepared in case the other boater doesn’t respond as you expect. Operate defensively, and be ready to yield, slow speed or change course to avoid any potentially dangerous situation. A good tip? Give other boaters plenty of space—100 feet or more—to allow enough time and distance to properly react and avoid an accident.

Know Your Colors

Do you know how to handle these scenarios at night, when you can’t see another boat, let alone determine its direction? Know your colors. Boats are required to display a green light to starboard (right) and a red light to port (left) at their bow, and most boats must display a single all-around white light at the stern. This combination of lights will help you determine which direction a boat is moving and if it’s likely to cross your path.

• More: Boating Safety , How-To , May 2022 , Seamanship

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Deep Water Happy

Hierarchy of right-of-way on the water.

• On October 22, 2018
• By Kimberly

Who has the “Right-of-Way?”

Hierarchy of right-of-way is presented here; from highest right-of-way to the lowest right-of-way. I think of it as a totem pole; with the vessel with the most right-of-way at the top, and the lowest at the bottom. Here goes!

Overtaken Vessel

This vessel has top priority. If you are fast enough to pass someone, then you are the “give-way” vessel; the one you are overtaking is the “stand on,” meaning they should stand on course and speed, and you move around them.

NUC Not Under Command

Remember that “A” is the first letter of the alphabet, and has three sides, so, Aground, Adrift, Anchored. Other than being overtaken, Not Under Command is the first on the totem pole. Any of those vessels can’t give way even if they wanted!

RAM Restricted in the Ability to Maneuver

Like an aircraft carrier that needs a mile to make a turn! Any vessel, that, due to it’s design or work, cannot move easily to avoid others. 

CBD Constrained by Draft

The cruise ship in the channel, the sailboat in a small channel with jet skis around… Technically, this is for International Waters, not Inland, however, it’s followed by most as a courtesy even inland to the vessel limited by her draft.

Not jon boat, dog, and cooler, but actual fishing as in dragging a lot of nets and big tackle – nets, lines, trawls – fishing apparatus that precludes quick maneuvering. Not to be confused with trolling, which is dragging a few lines and allows fur turns and does not actually restrict their ability to maneuver! This is commercial endeavor; serious people earning their tough living; not million-dollar sport fishing machines that can turn on a dime.

Next to the bottom of the totem pole of right-of-ways, and, sailboat are not even sailing all the time, so… only when they are actually sailing and not overtaking anyone at all, or dealing with any of the aforementioned situations.

Vessels under power. Least right-of-way

Pedestrians of the Sea

Then there’s those underpowered  or manually-propelled cases; paddle boards and kayaks and people doing yoga on floating planks. I like to think of them as pedestrians; somewhere between fishing and sailing. They can’t really move easily… ​

What to read next: US Aids to Navigation – Red Right Returning

About Kimberly

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Knowing your Place – Boating Right of Way

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I spoke to a boater today who said ‘you paddle boarders don’t know anything about right of way on the water!’ In some ways he’s right, as kayaks, canoes and SUPs generally aren’t educated on rules of navigation in urban waterways.  On the other hand as many of you know, many boaters don’t seem to know the rules either, so it goes both ways.In our area, with hot summer temps SUPs appear out of every nook and cranny in great numbers.  Some come from rentals, others appear with brand boards. I’d say 80% haven’t had a lesson or have any sort of education per boating right of way.  As a result SUPs rest, nap and or casually paddle a busy boating channel by our launch spot not realizing they’re in a navigable waterway.

Upstream is the Ballard Locks which releases 1-4kts of current. Downstream is the entry to a busy marina and open water.

What are your rights as a small human powered watercraft?

Without going into the details, the basics is that you don’t have right of way over motor, fishing and commercial boats.  Interestingly sailboats have the most rights particularly under sail given their lack of visibility from the cockpit and being under sail simply means you have less control.  Veteran boaters use the term ‘tonnage over donage’, meaning, if it’s bigger than you and under power, its best to get out of the way.

At low tides the above mentioned channel is dredged. On either side of the buoy marked channel are two large sandbars which dry out low tides. Many boats have grounded on the bars not realizing how shallow they can get.  When paddlers hang out in the channel at low tides, boaters can’t swerve, and lacking brakes can’t stop. There’s ample ‘shoulders’ or paddling space on other side of the boating channel for small craft like us, so you don’t need to go into the channel unless you’re going to cross it.

If that’s the case, I tell my students, it’s like crossing a highway – look both ways, wait for traffic, then go when totally clear giving you enough time to paddle across – while remembering to factor in the outgoing current from the Locks as well – the current will push paddlers closer to boaters thus reducing the time they thought they had to cross.

In summary, per the ‘tonnage vs donage’ I don’t recommend hanging out in the boating channel with a large tourist boat coming directly at you, as these two characters chose to do.  In this case the boat had to cut their power and go into reverse to prevent hitting the boarders. The guys stood there, one eventually taking his camera out to take a pic while the Argosy tour captain proceeded to blow his horn.  This happens every day in summer.

It’s frustrating as repeated activity like this is what creates additional restrictions for small craft on waterways. Case in point – the Locks upstream only allows kayaks and canoes to pass through, but not SUPs.

Coast Guard Right of Way Regulations:

If you want to read the Coast Guard details on boating right of way, have at it – here’s a lengthly document detailing the rules.

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RIGHT OF WAY RULES AT SEA

“Which boat has the right of way?”,  the old boatman seems wonder. The question is interesting but the moment to ask it is maybe wrong.

This is why – even if the matter of right of way rules is particularly interesting in August when waters are crowded with yachtsmen – we want to deal with it now in order to refresh some notions and, maybe, a little some sense.

First of all, let’s see together how we can recognize a risk of collision against another boat . The rule is actually too simple for words: if the distance between the two boats under way decreases and bearing doesn’t change , this inevitably means that we’re on a collision course .

At this point, who has to maneuver in order to avoid collision? It depends.

Between a sailing boat and a motor one, the first always has the right of way. According to boating rules, sailing boats have right of way over any mechanically propelled boat. A sailing boat is obliged to give way to a motorboat only if the latter is experiencing some kind of difficulty restricting its maneuverability or has some draft constraints or is involved in fishing operations.

All this is true only if the sailing boat doesn’t sail under power.

Does that mean that a 7-metre boat have the right of way even over a 15,000-ton tanker? In theory yes but good sense should suggest us to change our course in this case.

A big ship , a ferry, a cargo ship will certainly have lower maneuverability than a recreational cabin-equipped boat ; consequently, keeping the course would be silly and extremely dangerous.

Now, let’s see what happens when two sailing boats cross their courses . Anytime two sailboats are on opposite tack, the boat on starboard tack has the right of way; when, on the contrary, they are on the same tack, the boat most to leeward has right of way.

And what about motorboats? In this case, too, it depends on situations.

When motorboats paths cross, the boat on the other’s right is stand on and the one on the other’s left is the give way boat . If, on the contrary, the courses are opposite, the two boats have just to turn starboard.

Finally, there’s the case where a boat reaches another one. In these cases, the first always gives way. According to rules, a boat is “reaching” if it sails within 135 degrees from the boat it is reaching.

Please don’t forget that captains are always obliged to avoid collisions at sea . Constant lookout ( in the cockpit or in the pilot house), strict respect for rules, caution and sense are the key elements to avoid them.

It’s a bit surprising to see a boating magazine use the phrase “right of way” (outside the specialized confines of sail racing), and not quickly and thoroughly explain what is wrong with the phrase.

“Right of Way” is not a helpful phrase. Clearer terms are “stand on vessel” and “give way vessel”. This post/article also perpetuates the unfortunate and prideful misunderstanding that somehow sailboats “always have the right of way” even over commercial vessels restricted by draft, maneuverability, and/or work in which they may be engaged (fishing, dredging, etc.). I am a sailor. So I am sharing this with you as someone who shares your recreational passion (commercial Captains will not be so friendly): Get out of the way of larger, working vessels. It’s the law.

I shared your post as I liked it and understood it well. But I’ve been told on the cruising and sailing Scotland site that it’s rubbish and lies and no boat has ever got right of way. I’m familiar with some of the RYA right of way racing rules and i agree that there is right of way rules. Just like the road kinda speak.. these guys are speaking about collision at sea regs. But I thought if everyone knew the right of way rules then there would be no collision at sea. I understand if u have right of way and you have an idiot who don’t no the rules yes you should avoid the collision..it common sense. Can you help me out here is ther right of way rules?

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Who Has Right of Way Sailboat or Kayak?

Who has the right of way, a sailboat or a kayak? This is a common question that arises when these two types of watercraft share the same body of water. Understanding the rules and etiquette regarding right of way can help prevent accidents and ensure a safe and enjoyable experience for everyone involved.

Before diving into the specifics, it’s important to understand the basic principles of right of way on the water. Generally, vessels should avoid collisions by taking appropriate actions based on their maneuverability and size. The International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGS) provide guidelines for determining who has the right of way in various situations.

Sailboats are considered vessels under sail when they are using only wind power to propel themselves. According to COLREGS, sailboats have certain rights based on their position relative to other vessels:

• Starboard tack: A sailboat on starboard tack has the right of way over other sailboats.
• Port tack: A sailboat on port tack must give way to sailboats on starboard tack.
• Overtaking: A faster sailboat overtaking another sailboat from behind should keep clear and give ample space.

Kayaks are smaller, non-motorized vessels that are typically powered by paddles. In general, kayaks are considered less maneuverable compared to sailboats. Therefore, kayakers should be aware and yield in certain situations:

• Sailboats under sail: Kayakers should yield to sailboats that are actively sailing since they have limited maneuverability.
• Restricted ability to maneuver: If a kayak is unable to maneuver effectively due to fishing, towing, or other circumstances, other vessels should give way.

Communication and Common Sense

While understanding the right of way rules is important, it’s equally crucial to communicate and use common sense on the water. Clear and concise gestures or signals can help avoid confusion and prevent accidents. Additionally, being aware of your surroundings, maintaining a safe distance from other vessels, and anticipating potential conflicts can go a long way in ensuring everyone’s safety.

In summary, sailboats generally have the right of way over kayaks in most situations due to their maneuverability and size. However, it’s important for both sailboat operators and kayakers to be knowledgeable about the rules regarding right of way. By following these guidelines and exercising good judgment on the water, you can enjoy a safe and harmonious experience while sailing or kayaking.

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Right of Way and Who's Bigger

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11 Right of Way Rules for Boating

In the driving world, commonwealth countries tend to keep left while the US, Germany, and much of Europe prefer the right side of the road. But in the boating world, waterways have no distinct lanes. How can you be sure who gets dibs? Is it just about having a bigger boat? Right-of-way rules for boating can seem puzzling if you’re new to sailing. Let’s demystify this!

Basic Boating Terms

As we discuss right-of-way rules for boating, we’ll need to use some jargon. Nothing fancy – just the basic vocabulary you’d pick up at the marina or boating store. So let’s start by getting familiar with the main keywords related to boating. This will include boat parts and more.

• Stern – back of the boat
• Bow – front of the boat
• Console – the boat’s control panel
• Bridge – a bigger console, usually on a ship
• Starboard – the right, steering side of the boat
• Port side – the left ‘passenger’ side of the boat
• Tack – the direction of the wind
• Upwind – leaning into the wind
• Downwind – pushing against the wind
• Leeward – going against the wind (downwind)
• Windward – going with the wind (upwind)
• Give-way vessel – the boat that detours
• Stand-on vessel – the boat that stays on course
• Burdened vessel – the stand-on boat
• Stand-off vessel – the boat that gives way

Now that’s out of the way, let’s look at a few crucial tips that govern right-of-way rules for boating. Some of the factors that affect right of way include how the boat moves (e.g. sails vs oars), what the weather is like the type and size of the boat, and local marine regulations.

Boating right of way

Tip #1: if you’re inland, the rules are special.

Right-of-way rules for boating are sometimes described as rules of the road, even when they essentially apply to water. And these rules are divided into two – inland and international. Inland rules cover rivers, lakes, and large bays where local boats interact. International rules are sometimes called (anti) colregs. These collision regulations prevent global incidents.

Before sailing into international waters, checking the colregs is standard practice. But it can be equally helpful to peruse the local regulations because marine borders can be murky, and everything escalates once there’s a language barrier with national pride at stake. Local laws are especially important at popular piers where waterways are narrow and traffic is high.

Tip #2: If it’s dark, check the lights

Before we get ahead of ourselves, let’s talk about boating sidelights. Most boats have a red light on the left (port side) and a green light on the right (starboard side). These lights are called combination lights . And depending on where your boat is, you might see one of the lights or both, but only if you’re approaching another boat from the front or the side.

First, confirm whether you’re the give-way vessel or the stand-on vessel. If you have right of way, you probably don’t need to do anything. But if you’re giving way, steer your boat towards the green light bulb – that’s the starboard side. As you pass each other, the opposing lights of your boats will face each other, since you’re crossing on the port side of your rival.

Tip #3: If you’re meeting head-on, bank right

The simplest way to remember who has right of way is … right there in the word, pun intended. If you’re in a situation where you’re not sure who goes where just steer to your right. This is especially important if you’re meeting another boat head-on and you’re uneasy. Here’s the rule of thumb – you should always pass another boat on its port side (left side).

This is because the steering wheel is generally on the right side of the bridge or console. So as you’re calculating your position, the body of the boat will lie between you and the other one. This way, you’ll psychologically give each other a wider berth (literally!) and you’re less likely to crash your boats. You’ll also have a clearer view of any barriers on your ‘driver’s side’.

Tip #4: If they’re not changing course, maybe you should …

Sailing at night can be frightening, especially at high speed . And it can be just as challenging to take your boat through stormy, foggy, or low visibility weather. So you’ll need to be on the lookout for the ocean lights on other boats. You’re likely to see a green light and/or a red light, and they’ll both guide you on which boat currently has right of way – is it you or is it them?

If you see a green light going from left to right, you win. Stand on and stay the course. But if you see a red light going from right to left, you need to move out of the way! The idea is that you should both be moving to the right, so if the other boat isn’t, they know something you don’t. They’re sure they have right of way and won’t give in. Take one for your boating team.

Tip #5: If you’re overtaking, it’s your ball

Unlike cars, boats don’t have side mirrors or rearview mirrors. So you don’t always have a clear shot at what’s behind you. That means if another vessel is trying to pass you, you have two moves – stay calm, and slow down. It’s easy to get startled when another boat suddenly pops into your peripherals, so don’t make any sudden moves. You have the right of way here!

The vessel that’s trying to overtake you can technically speed past on either side of your boat. But you can’t see them coming, and you can’t see each other’s sidelights. So it’s up to them to avoid crashing into your boat. If you’re the one doing the overtaking, it’s your call. Safely approach the boat without ramming them or derailing their course with your boat’s wake.

Tip #6: If your boat is fat, you get dibs

You may find yourself approaching a narrow channel, particularly at a pier or estuary. In that scenario, common sense applies. Look at the width and draft of your boat versus the boat you’re competing with. Can your boat turn or spin inside the channel? Can theirs? Do you want another Suez Situation on your hands? Probably not, so let the bigger boat through.

You might think since your boat is smaller and faster, you can beat the proverbial red light and make it through before they notice. But your boat is more versatile and can do a lot more in the open water while the bigger vessel is creeping along that cramped corridor. So be kind and let the heavier boat make its way in or out. You can do a few fun laps in the meantime.

Tip #7: If you’re using sails, you get to go first

Sail boats move by the power of wind and currents. So it’s not as easy for them to suddenly get out of the way. So if you’re on a boat that only uses sails, you have right of way. But this doesn’t apply if your boat has sails as well as motors, because you can always ignite the engine and speed away. So don’t stand there staring down a cruise ship with your pretty sails.

That said, the rule is that boats with engines must give way to boats without them. So if you’re playing in a speed boat or jet skis and you’re up against someone wrangling sail cloths and/or oars, bank right and let them past. However, if you’re in a sail boat or inflatable boat or that has optional engines, put your pride aside and give the other boat priority passage.

Tip #8: If you’re sailing the same way, check your tack

Boats often lean into the wind, though motor boats can push against it. But most times, the wind hits your vessel at an angle. This means it might hit the stern first, which is called a port side tack, where the wind is coming from your left side. And if it blows into the bow, that’s a starboard tack, where the wind is hitting your boat on its right side. And right is might!

In this scenario, it’s the boat on the right that has right of way, since its pilot has a clear view of the waters ahead. On the other boat, it’s the passenger that’s facing the wind. So the boat on the right can either maintain its course or steer into its starboard. The boat on the left should slow down or wait until the other one passes. It can then cut behind the prior boat.

Tip #9: If you have bulky fishing equipment, you win

A lot of people misuse the fishing rule when they’re leaning over the sides of their boat with sails and fishing rods. In reality, fishing boats only have right of way if they’re rigged with heavy trawler gear or if they have submerged equipment hanging out of the boat. This gear makes it impossible for the boat’s crew to turn, twist, adjust or shift the vessel on a whim.

Besides, commercial fishing boats are often anchored, and they don’t have the time to release their load and get out of your way. So it’s smarter and safer to move your own boat to the right and avoid potentially losing lives and/or damaging expensive equipment. But if you’re a pleasure boat angling for leisure, don’t bully other seafarers on account of your little livewell.

Tip #10: If you’re crossing perpendicularly, the right boat wins

Suppose you’re approaching another boat at a right angle, or a little from the left. You probably think you can speed up and cut them off. This is just as rude on the water as it is on the road. And it’s a lot more dangerous! Once again, the starboard rule applies. Whichever boat is on the right side gets priority, and that’s the direction you need to steer your boat in.

Slow down if you need to, and wait to cross behind the other vessel rather than zooming in front of it. And you don’t want to pass too close either, since the wake of the other boat might destabilize your vessel. Give the other boat enough time to get by and put 10 to 20 meters between your vessels, depending on the size and speed of both your boats. Or steer parallel.

Tip #11: If you have a speed boat, hurry up and wait

For most of us, having a faster, sleeker, more powerful vehicle makes us think we have right of way. Just think of all those sports cars that act up on the highway! And it makes sense – you can get by quicker and that’ll make everyone move sooner, so you get to cut the line, no? No. Your engine gives you a better pace, meaning it’s easier for you to get out of a tight spot.

So if you’re over there with your engine and wondering whether to let a sail boat, row boat, or paddle boat past, the answer is yes. Why? If something goes wrong, you have a better shot at escape than they do, so let the manual boat get through first. It’ll only cost you a few minutes, and if you need to, you can always overtake later when you’re back in open water.

Tip #12: If you’re leaning leeward, you go first

The terms leeward and windward can be confusing, so think of it as being directly in the wind versus being in the ‘shadow’ of the wind. When you’re in the shadow, something is blocking your way. The fast-moving air hits that barrier directly, blowing past you and all around you as you nestle in that protective space. This is called being on the leeward side.

The boat that’s ahead of you – on the windward side – is enjoying the momentum of the wind. But you’re on the leeward side and need more energy to move forward. So in this scenario, the leeward boat has right of way because it’ll be harder for them to get where they’re going. Wait for them to get past or cross around behind them, leaning into the wind.

Tip #13: If you’re flowing with the current, you go first

You might feel awkward about navigating right of way on smaller water bodies. In this case, you’d have to consider the water currents and passage size. But as a general rule, boats going downstream have right of way. They’re flowing with the current so they’ll get through faster and leave you lots of breathing room. But upstream boats use up a lot more energy and fuel.

This means whether they’re sailing on canvas or puttering on rotors, it will take more time and effort for them to make it through the river. Instead of stalling everyone, let that downstream momentum carry the first boat, then you can sail upstream at your leisure. Yes, this applies even when there are seven downstream boats and one upstream one. Patience!

Right of Way Exceptions in Boating

In boating, the default is to keep right. Starboard and/or leeward generally have right of way. But there are situations where common sense prevails. So while you should steer towards the boat’s right green light in moments of doubt, let the other guy (or girl) pass if:

• Their boat is trickier to maneuver than yours e.g. a pontoon ferry.
• The trawler has heavy fishing gear so they can’t shift course.
• Their boat doesn’t have someone competent in charge (e.g. injured pilot).

Do you have any other tips on right of way rules for boating? Share them in the comments!

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1 thought on “11 Right of Way Rules for Boating”

THANK YOU. IT WAS VERY IMPORTANT LESSON FOR ME., READING ALL THIS SAILING EXPERIENCES.

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Who Has the Right of Way When Sailing?

Last Updated by

Daniel Wade

June 15, 2022

Before you can understand who has the right of way when sailing, it is important that you understand who creates the regulations on the water. Multiple bodies have created sailing laws, and safety directives involve sailing ships. International and U.S. based organizations have created a mostly cohesive book of law regarding the use of waterways. This includes which ship has the right of way when sailing. Each country will have its own set of local laws, but there are internationally accepted "rules of the road".

In the context of laws regarding ships, a sailboat is one that is propelled solely by wind power. Even if that ship has a motor, if it is not on and in gear, then it is considered a sailboat. When your boat's engine is on and in gear, it is regarded as a powered boat.

Avoiding a collision is more than just determining the right of way; you also need to be able to understand the placement of the other ship in relation to your own. Perspective can be challenging on the water, where there are not a lot of landmarks to help you figure out if you are on a collision encounter or not. Here are several ways to figure out if you are going to avoid or intercept the other boat.

The best tool is your compass. If you take a bearing of the other ship and then a short time later take another bearing, then there should be a discrepancy. If not, then you are on a collision course. You can also line up the other boat with an object onshore if it is within sight to determine if there is any change in their movement direction. Regardless of which ship has the right of way, if the other ship should be the one moving and it is not, then you must take evasive action.

Table of contents

International Laws

These laws are in effect on the high seas and waters connected to them for any vessel that floats. There are laws pertaining to all aspects of sailing and the type of boat. If you intend to sail across high seas, then you will want to familiarize yourself with them.

Maritime Law

According to the Encyclopedia Britannica, "Maritime law, known as admiralty law, or admiralty, the body of rules that determines the actions of ships and shipping." This is different from the International Laws of the Sea in some cases.

Local and Inshore Laws

If you are in America, then it is a good idea to have a copy of the U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Rules aboard your boat. You should also be aware of the basics of all aspects of sailing law before you begin. There are also digital copies you can keep on a device. There are specific regulations regarding the way boats interact on Western Rivers, the Great Lakes, and other inland bodies of water within North America. The United States Government Printing Office is responsible for the Navigation Rules of the Road, which you legally need to have a copy of on your boat if the vessel is over 39.4 feet long.

Regulations on Right of Way Based on Type of Boats Involved

We are only going to look at three scenarios for sailing right of way. However, other types of boats will have their own rules and regulations in place. If you need to know more, you can read about them on the website for the National Maritime College . Below we have broken down the regulations for who should be the one to turn concerning sailboats in several instances.

Two Sailboats Interacting

The following steps are the general rules for the right of way when two sailboats are involved.

• Whichever boat has the wind from the direction of the starboard rail has the right of way.
• If both ships have wind coming from the same direction, then the one downwind has the right of way.
• If both ships have wind coming from the same direction and one is overtaking the other, then the vessel being passed always has the right of way.

A Sailboat and a Powered Boat Interacting

Below are standard rules of engagement for powered vehicles against sailboats. There may be different laws in your local area. Check before sailing.

• Sailboats have right of way over powerboats in almost all cases. The exception being when the sailboat is overtaking the powerboat and certain unique situations.
• If two boats are crossing, then the one on the starboard side has the right of way. In situations where it is dark, you will be able to see a red light moving across your horizon to the left, and if this remains a constant, then you are on a collision course and should evade.
• During head-on meetings between ships, they must both change their course to starboard to create as much room as possible. In the dark, you will see red and green lights and must change your direction to starboard.
• If you are overtaking another vessel, then they have the right of way. In the dark, you will see a white light to indicate you are approaching the rear of a boat.
• If you are not confident what the other boat is planning to do, then you should slow your ship, change course early, and allow them to see your intention. This is the safest way to stop a potential collision, regardless of who has the right of way.

Regulations Based on Location

There will be a unique set of laws and regulations for the water, depending on where you are located. This is true for almost every country around the world, but we will focus on American and international laws below.

Offshore and International Locations

International Laws of the Sea take over once you reach the high seas. The right of way in this location includes the following.

• Whichever boat has the wind from the direction of the starboard rail has right of way.
• If both ships have wind coming from the same direction, then the one that is downwind has right of way.
• If both ships have wind coming from the same direction and one is overtaking the other, then the boat being passed always has the right of way.

For larger ships meeting smaller ones, the rules are as follows.

• Sailboats must give way to larger vessels.

Maneuverability is all-important when it comes to who needs to give way. There is a list, and the lower down you are on the list, the more leeway must be given because the less maneuverability you will be able to control.

• If a boat is disabled
• If a boat is hard to move (e.g., dredge, barge in tow, etc.)
• If a boat is too large to move quickly (e.g., freighter)
• If a boat is actively fishing (e.g., trawler, other commercial fishing boats, etc.)
• If a boat is being rowed
• If a boat is under sail propulsion
• If a boat is a recreational powerboat

Inland Locations

The following is a section taken directly from the Navigation Amalgamated International and the United States Inland Navigation Rules created and distributed by the United States Coast Guard. You can read the entirety of the document on the United States Coast Guard website.

"The Rules do not grant privileges or rights; they impose responsibilities and require precaution under all conditions and circumstances. Power-driven vessels are to keep out of the way [...] and either give-way [...] or stand-on [...] to vessels not under command or restricted in their ability to maneuver, sailing vessels or vessels engaged in fishing, ascending or descending a river [...]. Similarly, all vessels should avoid impeding the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draft [...], navigating a narrow channel [...], or traffic separation scheme [...]."

Additional Regulations

You will also want to also read up on the regulations for the Western Rivers and the Great Lakes, depending on where you will be sailing.

Collision Avoidance Tactics

There are several things that you should be doing any time you are on the water, which will make a collision with another ship less likely. They include the following.

• Be aware of the rules for your ship and location. The weather conditions and sight ability does not come into play in determining who is given right of way.
• The greatest cause of accidents is not having a look-out. It is expected that all sailboats will have someone looking and listening at all times for the presence of other boats in the area.
• Traveling at a speed that is within safety parameters will help to alleviate some of the risks of collision. You should be taking every aspect of your location and ship condition into account when determining the safest speed of travel.
• Take action the moment you see the other ship to avoid giving out wrong signals or creating an instance of close-call avoidance. The sooner you take the necessary effort to prevent the other boat, the safer everyone will be.

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I've personally had thousands of questions about sailing and sailboats over the years. As I learn and experience sailing, and the community, I share the answers that work and make sense to me, here on Life of Sailing.

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Boating Right-Of-Way Rules (With Pictures)

Understanding right-of-way rules on the water is important, and many boaters fail to do so. Right-of-way rules are taught in boating education programs , but many boaters either don’t take the program or forget. If you haven’t taken a boating education program, make sure that you aren’t required to by your state.

Many states require boaters to have a boating license which can be obtained by taking a NASBLA-certified boaters safety program and passing an exam (see if you need to or not by clicking here ). With that being said, here are right-of-way rules based on the United States Coast Guard .

When going head on

Always pass by veering to the right when heading straight on to another vessel.

When meeting from the side

Always “give way” for a power boat that you are meeting if you are on their port (left) side. However, if you are heading to a power boat’s starboard (right side), you are considered the “stand-on” vessel and should maintain course. However, always give way no matter the circumstance to sailboats and other non-powered boats such as kayaks, paddleboards, etc.

When overtaking

You can overtake on whichever side you deem is the safest. However, blast your horn once if you are passing to the right side of their boat and twice if you are passing to the left.

Table of Contents

Vessels you need to always “give way” to

Some vessels require you to give way in every scenario unless doing so creates unsafe conditions. These vessels include:

• Barge ships
• Utility vessels with poor maneuverability
• Government vessels
• Fishing vessels with nets that restrict maneuverability
• Paddleboats
• Other non-powered vessels
• Vessels leaving a marina or channel when you are entering

Additional right-of-way rules (important!)

Along with the rules I’ve listed above, there are a few more important rules you’ll need to follow. These include:

• A vessel that is overtaking another vessel must keep clear of the vessel being overtaken.
• Never cross near the bow of a large ship.
• A vessel that is being overtaken must take action to allow the overtaking vessel to pass safely.
• A vessel that is approaching a bend or narrow channel must give way to a vessel that is already in the bend or channel.
• A vessel that is leaving a marina has the right-of-way over a vessel that is entering a marina (unless there is heavy current outside of the marina such as on a river, then it would be the other way around).
• In times of restricted visibility, all vessels must travel at an operatable speed and with their navigational lights on. This can make understanding who has the right-of-way more difficult as you may have to use the color of a light to understand which side of a boat you are approaching. More on that later.
• Vessels that are towing a skier, wakeboarder, etc. still need to follow the navigational rules, however, always prioritize the safety of the skier and stop if needed.

The more and more you apply these rules, the more natural it will become, and you will start doing them without even thinking. Although maneuvering through water is generally easier than through land in a car, these rules are still important to follow, so you don’t make anyone angry or cause any accidents.

Understanding right-of-way rules at night or during low-visibility days

At night or during days with restricted visibility, it’s hard to tell where the front of a boat is and where the back is, so it may be hard to determine what side is which. This is why during these times, navagational lights are required.

A red navagational light is on the port (left side) and green is on the starboard (right side). You can see this in the images I’ve provided above or in this image below. Theres also a bright white light on the top of vesels.

So if you see a red light you are approaching it’s port side, so you should give way. If you see both red and green light, you are heading strait on and should veer right. Lastly, if you see a white light, the vessel is either anchord or you are approaching it’s stern.

Boating navigational tips

Besides following the regular right-of-way rules, here are a few other tips I recommend boaters follow to stay safe while navigating through waters.

• Always check the weather forecast and water conditions before heading out.
• Have a float plan and share it with a friend or family member.
• Don’t enter any restricted areas such as cargo straights, especially if there is a cargo ship on way.
• Carry all required safety equipment on board, including life jackets, flairs, fire extinguishers, and a horn or whistle.
• Stay alert and be aware of other boats, swimmers, and obstacles in the water.
• Follow all boating laws and regulations, including speed limits and right-of-way rules.
• Use navigation equipment, such as charts and a GPS, to plan your route and stay on course.
• Keep a lookout for markers and buoys, which can indicate hazards or navigational information.
• Have a means of communication such as marine VHF radio or cellular phone with you.
• Avoid too much alcohol or drug use while operating a boat. The legal limit is 0.08 BAC in most states.
• Have a basic knowledge of first aid and emergency procedures in case of an accident.

If you follow the right-of-way rules and these 11 tips, not only will you be much safer, you’ll avoid being that one annoying boater who doesn’t know what he is doing.

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• Fishing Tips

Boat Vs. Kayak: Pros, Cons, & Which Vessel Is Right For You

• By: Wyatt Parcel
• on July 2, 2021
• Found In: Boating Tips , Fishing Tips , Kayak Fishing , Weekly Newsletter: 7-4-21

• Comments (51)

Are you a boat angler or a kayak angler?

If money were no object, would that choice change?

Listen in as our fishing coaches debate which vessel is better and why.

In this video, you’ll learn:

• Pros and cons of a boat versus a kayak
• Things to consider for both types of fishing vessels
• The biggest advantage of a boat
• Why a kayak is so special
• And much more

If you’re debating whether a boat or a kayak is a better choice for you, then you’ll want to watch this!

Check it out below!

Boat Vs Kayak: Which One Is For You? [VIDEO]

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We reviewed a ton of information so here’s a timestamped table of contents:

• 1:15 – What is the advantage of a kayak over a boat?
• 1:54 – Time it takes to prep a kayak vs. a boat
• 2:17 – Maintenance for a boat
• 3:07 – Being stealthy on a kayak
• 5:19 – Covering ground with a boat
• 6:12 – The physical demands of kayak fishing
• 7:24 – Get the kayak that’s meant for YOU
• 8:09 – Weather plays a bigger role with a kayak
• 8:50 – Tackle limitations
• 9:46 – Power fishing in a boat
• 11:24 – Trolling motor for a kayak vs. a boat
• 12:56 – When to use your pedals on a kayak
• 14:08 – Standing above the water has its advantages
• 15:09 – Make sure you invest in a good pair of polarized sunglasses ( Click here for our favorite sunglasses )
• 15:48 – Do you know what to look for when you’re on a poling platform and what to avoid?
• 17:11 – Fish with your eyes and your ears
• 18:04 – The costs associated with a boat vs. a kayak
• 21:24 – There is a price range that includes kayaks and boats
• 23:43 – Final decision: Boat or kayak?
• 26:50 – Make sure you have the storage space for what you buy

So if you’re deciding what kind of fishing machine you want, make sure that decision is based on what you want to target.

And consider your physical limitations, your budget, your storage options, and how stealthy you’ll need to be for the areas you want to fish.

What’s your choice: boat or kayak?

Let me know down in the comments!

And if you know someone who is trying to decide between boat and kayak fishing, please TAG or SHARE this with them!

P.S. Want access to our best fishing spots and tips, plus discounts to our online tackle store?  Click here to join us in the Insider Club!

Related articles:

• HERE ARE THE ONLY 2 LURES YOU NEED WHEN KAYAK FISHING
• SALTWATER FISHING TACKLE MISTAKES: A GUIDE FOR NEWBIES
• FISHING SUNGLASSES: GLASS VS. PLASTIC LENSES (PROS & CONS OF EACH)

Related categories:

• Boating Tips , Fishing Tips , Kayak Fishing , Weekly Newsletter: 7-4-21

While I often go fishing by myself, there are times when my wife or other people come with me so having a boat for that is necessary. But I do like the simplicity presented by a good fishing kayak. So if possible I’ll probably wind up with both.

Regarding using a kayak:

• When fishing where there are lots of currents, either tidal or river/creek currents isn’t it much easier to maintain your position with a pedal type kayak, especially when you’re trying to fish and can’t really use both arms?
• How difficult is it to paddle against the tide/current in a kayak? Does the effort require that you either time your outings so that you can go with the tide going out and coming back, or on a river having to have two vehicles – one at the out in and one at the take out? Or can you reasonably paddle against these forces?
• It seems to me that having a pedal type kayak would be the way to go except that they’re so much more expensive, and if both my wife and I want to have one each we’re now looking close to what a decent used skiff would cost, so I’m wondering is a standard paddle type kayak would be sufficient?

Finally, I currently have a 12′ Portabote, which when assembled is similar to a v-hull rowboat. I have a 3.3HP Merc 2 stroke on it and it pushes it nicely on the freshwater lakes I’ve used it on. Would this be something that could be used in that kayaks typically are used in?

If anyone can shed light on these questions I’d appreciate it.

one thing not touched on is who you are fishing with if you fish by yourself or with people with kayaks then another kayak would be the way to go but if you want to get into it with say a significant other or kids then a boat would probably be better off

I have both. I have a Tracker bass boat and I also have a Native slayer propel 10ft kayak. For me it is simple I prefer the kayak. The reason is that I am fishing alone a lot. Secondly, I feel more comfortable launching the kayak by myself vs the boat. I live in an apartment so I can have my kayak at my apartment with no probs. So storage can be an issue with the boat. Also if I am going to Florida it is a lot easier to rent a pickup for a week I can just toss the kayak in the bed of the truck with no problems. A kayak is also a lot cheaper esp if something breaks.

I have both a kayak and a 20′ bay boat and I fish 90% from my kayak. Although I do have top line Old Town Autopilot kayak it makes fishing out of it so easy. I have to remind myself to occasionally run the boat to keep the batteries good.

About 25 years ago before yak fishing became popular I rigged up a cut back canoe with a modified trolling motor. I took a foot pedal steered trolling motor and modified it. I cut the shaft down to about 20″ and made an alum. tilt bracket to mount it on the back like a little outboard. I took the foot pedal apart and made a side mounted tiller steer lever like an airboat to control the direction. The whole setup worked great. I could run forever on one large marine battery and cover miles. In the end I guess it was a little more than a yak but less than a Ghenoe. I used it for quite a few years before I got a boat.

Has anyone towed a yak behind their boat to get in the backcountry?

I have a PWC.. it’s the happy medium between the two. 🙂

The best of both worlds! Great choice Robert! Do you find it has issues when fishing shallow water scenarios? Specifically in relation to the jet when trying to move in shallow water?

Great Topic. My budget was that I could get either a decent kayak or a used boat. The deciding factor for me was fishing with friends and family and I couldn’t do that with a single kayak. If I was flying solo I probably would have went kayak

Having room to bring family out definitely is a top priority… time on the water with the ones you love makes it all worth it!

For those of us who are physically challenged( i am a 74 yold reipient of double lung tranplant) and I have a 136 old town powered by a minn-kota trolling motor which was essential for me to maximize my fishing experience given I live on a creek system and primarily estuary areas . The major con of course is weight(170) pounds which I solve by installing a kayak lift at my dock. As far as far distant fishing goes I also have 16 ft 6 in flats boat to get me to those locations. I am EXTREMELY pleased with this kayak!

I’ve heard good things about the AutoPilots from Old Town! Glad to hear you’re enjoying that platform Robert!

Good points by both of the guys. At my age of 78, even though I am in excellent shape for my age and work out at my gym, the boat is my best choice. I own a shallow draft CarolinaSkiff 20 JVX.

Tough to beat the Carolina Skiff! I love my J16!

I love my kayak. I had a 13 foot Boston Whaler, but I end up selling it because it broke down almost every trip out. Sometimes it was simple issues, but other times not. I’m a female and I fish alone, so I prefer the kayak because I know nothing is going to break down on me. Eventually I might get a small skiff, but I’m pretty addicted to my Hobie Outback. It’s the perfect size for me and I can get places a boat can’t go. Great video. Thanks, guys.

I’ll have to agree on the extra degree of headache when it comes to boat issues… I always know I can have a good day of fishing in the yak, even if it’s just with a paddle. Not so much in the boat… Thanks for tuning in for this tea time Dana!

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Right of Way Rules

Whenever two boats try to occupy the same water at the same time, a right of way situation exists. When this happens, one boat is obligated to give way to the other. The boat that is supposed to give way is Called the give way vessel and the other one is called the stand on vessel The stand on vessel should keep to its course so the skipper of the give way vessel can get out of the way without collision. There are specific rules to use in determining which vessel is which.

Motor vs. Sail : A motor boat is any vessel using an engine regardless of whether it is a sailboat or a motorboat. A sailboat is considered to be a motorboat even if the SailS are up as long as the engine is running. A sailboat that is sailing generally has the right of way over motorboats. But there are some exceptions.

• Large motor vessels are given the right of way in channels where it is difficult for them to maneuver. In the case of ships, the whole San Francisco Bay is considered to be channeled so that ships always have right of way in the Bay.
• In narrow channels such as Redwood Creek, motor vessels as small as 65 feet may be limited in maneuverability enough to make them the "stand on" vessel.
• Motor vessels that are restricted in maneuverability due to the special job they are doing are "stand on" This could be anything from towing nets to dredging, pile driving, or tending buoys.
• Motor vessels don't have to give way to sail boats that are motoring when the rules for motorboats give the motor vessel right of way. (When motoring, a sailboat is treated like any other motorboat.
• If a motor vessel is experiencing some kind of difficulty restricting its maneuverability, it is given right of way.
• If a sailboat is overtaking a power boat, the power boat has the right of way.

Passing - When any boat is passing another boat, the passing boat is tile give way boat and tile boat being passed is the stand on boat. Head On - When two motor boats approach each other head on, both boats turn to the right and pass each other port to port. Crossing - When motor boats paths cross, the boat on the other's right is stand on and the one on the other's left is the give way boat This is like two cars coming to a 4-way stop except that a give way boat would alter course to go behind the other boat Sailboats When encountering sailboats that are sailing, motorboats generally should give way. If you are motoring in a sailboat, you should give way to sailboats that are sailing.

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By: Ashley Lizzi on June 7th, 2021

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Who has the Right of Way on a Boat? (Rules of the Water)

Meet Joe, new to the boating scene and proud owner of a brand new  pontoon boat .  Joe has recently moved to a house on the water and is ready to jump on board.  The body of water that Joe has chosen is large and heavily populated, especially on big weekends.

Being in his 50’s, Joe has had a driver’s license for longer than he can remember and a squeaky clean driving record.  Never an accident or a speeding ticket for this guy!  All this to say that Joe feels confident as the captain of his new pontoon boat.

Joe has been driving a car for 30 plus years now and knows just how easy it is to get behind the wheel and go.  He doesn’t feel the need to take a boater’s course or explore the option of  obtaining a boating license  because, again, he’s a top-notch driver.  

If you think this all sounds pretty good so far, we need to talk.  

Just because Joe can drive a car better than most does not mean he’s prepared to operate his pontoon boat safely.  I cannot stress this enough, if you’re in the same boat as Joe, please take the time to educate yourself on navigation rules and boating safety.

There are tons of navigation rules to know, but these are the most important for safe boating.   Here are the main navigation rules that you should know before ever stepping foot behind the helm of a boat. 

What to do When Meeting Another Boat Head-On

When approaching another vessel head-on, you should navigate your course starboard, meaning you will pass each other on the port side.  If you’re unsure of what these terms mean, check out the article on boating terms below.  

An indicator of a head-on meeting at night is if you see both side lights, green and red, of the opposing vessel at the same time.

Related reading:   Top 20 Boating Terms Every Boater Should Know

Which Boat has the Right of Way When Crossing Paths?

When two vessels are in a situation where they are crossing paths, it’s critical to know who has the right of way.  The vessel that has the opposing boat coming up on its starboard side is called the give-way vessel.  The boat coming in from the starboard side is called the stand-on vessel.

The stand-on vessel has the right of way, and it is up to the give-way vessel to maneuver in a way that will avoid a collision.  You will know this at night if you see the red port light crossing from right to left in front of you.  In that case, you are the give-way vessel and should maneuver to avoid collision.

If you see the green starboard light crossing from left to right in front of you, you are the stand-on vessel and should continue your course.  

What Does it Mean to Overtake Another Boat?

To overtake another vessel means to approach the stern of the opposing boat and pass by on either side, continually moving forward.  The boat who is overtaking is the give-way vessel and should maneuver in a way to avoid collision with the stand-on vessel.

If you were to overtake another vessel at night, you would only see the stern light of the stand-on vessel and not the red and green navigation lights.  It is up to the give-way vessel to safely maneuver around the stand-on vessel.  This rule even applies to a vessel that’s under sail. 

Do Vessels Under Sail Have the Right of Way?

Vessels under sail  refer to any boat that is operating without the use of a motor.  Typical boats that operate in this way are sailboats.  

A vessel under sail has the right of way over a boat utilizing a motor.  The exception to this is if the vessel under sail is overtaking a powerboat. 

Operating in a Narrow Channel

When operating your boat in a narrow channel, you must always give way to the passing vessel if they have difficulty maneuvering due to size or there’s a potential they could run aground.  This is typically the case for large vessels that have a more difficult time operating in narrow, shallow spaces.

When entering and exiting small channels such as those found on inland lakes, you should give right away to the boat that is exiting the channel.   On the Great Lakes and Western River system, vessels going downstream are stand-on; vessels going upstream must give way according to  Boat U.S. Foundation .

Know how to Navigate

Once you know the rules of the water, operating a boat is much easier.  Knowing how to navigate is a critical step in educating yourself on boaters safety.  If every boater took the time to learn this information, we’d all be better off on the water.

That said, always keep in mind that just because you know how to navigate, doesn’t mean the other boater does.  Stay vigilant and take care when passing other boats in any situation.  Even if you’re the stand-on boat, it’s critical to be aware that the give-way boat may not know the direction they’re supposed to go.

A safe boater is a happy boater. That's why I strongly suggest taking a course and getting your boating license at any age.  There are a ton of resources online that can help steer you in the right direction for boaters education.  

OTHER HELPFUL ARTICLES:

How to get a Boating License

Pontoon Boat Safety

About Ashley Lizzi

Barletta Content Manager, 9+ years Manufacturer Marketing, Brand Management, Customer Experience, and life-long boater.

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Sailboat vs. Powerboat and Rights of Way.

• Thread starter UncleWillie
• Start date Oct 28, 2012

UncleWillie

• Oct 28, 2012

This happened a few months ago and had a very uneventful ending but I keep thinking about it. I was approaching the entrance to a river with extended jetties on both sides of the entrance channel. The channel was about 100 yards wide and is normally not anything of an issue. If the inbound craft and outbound craft line up and go single file there is plenty of room for everyone. Back to the story. I was in an 18ft I/O and still running fast in open water when I noticed I was going to tie an inbound 35ft sailboat under sail. So, still about a 1/4 mile out, I made sure to keep the power up as I did not want to end up following a really slow sailboat up the channel once he dropped the sail and started his little kicker. I entered the channel at least 100 yards ahead of the sailboat and dropped to my no wake speed of about 5mph. The sailboat entered the channel well and clear behind me. This is where it get interesting. The sailboat did not drop sail and kept on coming at about 7 mph up the channel. In short time he was directly off my port quarter and coming on. I gave way a little to Starboard but had no room to go as the rock jetty was was not all that far away. In due course the sail boat was passing me maybe 10 ft off my port beam. This was my definition of being between the rocks and a hard place! Too close for my comfort! Now, discretion being the better part of valor; I cut all power and just let him go by before anything became any more exciting. (Rule Of Tonnage!) I keep running the rules through my head... On one hand the Sailboat is the Stand-On vessel against a Power boat. On the other hand the Passing vessel is the Give-Way vessel. There is nothing in the rules about a Sailboat passing a Powerboat! Stand-On or Give-Way; You make the call!  

Lieutenant Junior Grade

Re: Sailboat vs. Powerboat and Rights of Way. If he gets in front of you he has the Right of Way. Your application of the Rule of Tonnage was wise. The sailboat, with its displacement hull probably has a higher no-wake speed than your planing hull. I'm with Give-Way.  

theBrownskull

Chief petty officer.

Re: Sailboat vs. Powerboat and Rights of Way. I would have give way too.  

Tail_Gunner

Re: Sailboat vs. Powerboat and Rights of Way. I boat in a large sailing community....alway's give them discretion your under power.. you might as well slam a door in a lady's face the result's are the same..  

Vice Admiral

Re: Sailboat vs. Powerboat and Rights of Way. Wind is free,so is the right of way........sailboats,kyakers,canoeists, own the water.......Don't get me started!  

rallyart said: If he gets in front of you he has the Right of Way... Click to expand...

The Overtaking Situation Any vessel overtaking any other vessel must keep out the way of the vessel being overtaken. The former is the give-way vessel and the latter is the stand-on vessel. This rule applies even if the overtaking vessel is propelled by wind , oars, or rubber band paddlewheel. If you are the overtaking vessel, remember that you are the give-way vessel until well past , and safely clear of, the overtaken vessel. Click to expand...

The "Pecking Order" There is a "pecking order" that can be used as a simplified memory aid to determine right of way for vessels of different types. Get very familiar with this list, as it is important to understand it thoroughly. The uppermost vessel on the list has right-of-way (stand-on vessel) over any vessel (give-way vessel) below it on the list: Overtaken vessel (top priority) <---<<< Vessel not under command Vessel restricted in its ability to maneuver <---<<< Vessel constrained by its draft Fishing vessel (commercial fishing or trawling but not trolling) Sailing vessel (engine not on) Power-driven vessel (lowest priority) Click to expand...

Re: Sailboat vs. Powerboat and Rights of Way. I have stood on a busy jetty entrance in north New Jersey. Tide is roaring in or out. Kamakazis both ways at the same time. In heavy fog. ( I am using radar !!!! ) Private boats & commerical fish trawlers. Fog so heavy I could not see a boat 50' away !! At least 1 or 2 top heavy cruisers underpowered, would lose it and bang the rocks or run aground past the jetties on a busy weekend with fog. Coast guard courses NEVER cover jetty conditions in the area a boater will use. If people saw the crap headed actions in THEIR confined waters, they would sell the boat right after the movie & popcorn ended.  

Re: Sailboat vs. Powerboat and Rights of Way. Really no question here. If the sailboat was overtaking you, you were the stand on vessel and were obligated to hold course & speed, and the sailboat was the give way vessel and was obligated to alter course & or speed. In this situation (sailboat overtaking a powerboat) it makes no difference that he was a sailboat. That's the law. As for his decision to come in under sail, if the wind was favorable he may have had MUCH better control under sail than under auxiliary.  

Lieutenant Commander

Re: Sailboat vs. Powerboat and Rights of Way. Sometimes you have to ignore the no wake zone when you are dealing with inltets, strong currents, and jettys. Just do what you have to do to make it from the ocean to the bay. And don't hit any rocks or boats. everyone is happy. BTW, A boat under sail, can still stop on a dime. You just have to release 2 lines, and let your sails heave to in the wind. (let them flap around, with no tension on the control lines, and worry about the rest later)  

• Oct 29, 2012

Re: Sailboat vs. Powerboat and Rights of Way. much like folks on bicycles who ride in the middle of the lane, I have problems with people who may well be legally correct but who have no consideration for anyone else .... to me, jet ski operators who cut as close as they can to the back of our boat so as to jump the wake fall in that group as do folks paddling a shallow draft boat choosing to block the middle of the channel .... since I can't control what they do I've evolved to where I let them go and don't worry about it .... for us, time on the water is relaxing and getting stressed over such things makes it far less enjoyable Jim  

Re: Sailboat vs. Powerboat and Rights of Way. This may have had nothing to do with "no consideration for anyone else". I haven't read any indication that the sailboat did anything 'wrong' (though passing with only 10 feet is certainly discourteous, unnecessary, and may have constituted poor judgement). If I were coming in an inlet and the wind were favorable I well might prefer coming in under sail as well. If I found myself overtaking an 18' I/O and he chose to keep moving toward the rocks I can't control that. The law says I have to maneuver around him, if he keeps moving to one side I can't control that, and then if he is not in front of me I have no action to take. To say that the wake from a sailboat is 'excessive' is (usually) a bit of a stretch. If I am coming in a nasty inlet I'm going to do it in the way that I have the best control of my situation, which is usually also the safest.  

Petty Officer 1st Class

Ned L said: Really no question here. If the sailboat was overtaking you, you were the stand on vessel and were obligated to hold course & speed, and the sailboat was the give way vessel and was obligated to alter course & or speed. In this situation (sailboat overtaking a powerboat) it makes no difference that he was a sailboat. That's the law. As for his decision to come in under sail, if the wind was favorable he may have had MUCH better control under sail than under auxiliary. Click to expand...