catamaran across the pacific

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Pacific Passage Planning

• By Alvah Simon
• Updated: July 29, 2019

The definitions and delineations of a sea versus an ocean are complex, contested and best left to the learned geographers to debate. From a sailor’s point of view, excluding landlocked bodies of water, the rest of the brine is a contiguous path to glorious global adventure. Having said that, we do have our favorites. While the dreadful grind of the ice pack in the Far North and the towering graybeards of the Southern Ocean have their devotees, most sailing fantasies turn toward the seductive strum of the ukulele, the swaying palms and the white-sand beaches of the exotic South Pacific .

Ferdinand Magellan may have been a bit optimistic when he named a body of water that encompasses nearly one-third of Earth Mar Pacifico (peaceful ocean), for, like all oceans, it depends. The very size of the Pacific presents unique challenges, but so too do its strong currents, powerful storms, hazardous coral outcrops and remote low-lying islands.

Voyage Planning for Sailing the South Pacific

A successful Pacific passage will rely on meticulous planning , based on current information tempered with flexibility, because, by nature, cruising has it vagaries. But before one gets into the minutia of details, they should first step back and consider the bigger picture of sailing across the Pacific.

Is the vessel truly stem-to-stern, keel-to-masthead ready? Remember, a day’s work at the dock is worth a week’s under way. Is the dream and determination shared equally, or will the plan unravel with the first gale? Does a westward passage commit one to a circumnavigation, or are there strategic exit points? Does the voyage rely on a financial structure subject to change? Are you most comfortable as part of a rally, with a “buddy boat” or as a lone wolf?

Next is the paper chase. Gone are the whimsical days of letting the winds blow you where they may. The modern cruiser must be prepared in advance to face a host of legal requirements. First, ensure that every crewmember’s passport is as current as possible. Many countries will not issue visas to passports within six months of expiry. Next, list every country that you may wish to stop in and those in peripheral waters. Check the visa requirements carefully because the devil is in the details, especially if you have a multinational crew. Many countries require no visas if your stay is relatively short, or issue visas upon arrival. But some, such as Australia, will hit you with a hefty fine for showing up without one. Albeit increasingly expensive, cruising permits are normally obtainable upon arrival, but check the cruising websites and forums for current and accurate information. Make very high-resolution photocopies of your passports and ship’s papers. Bureaucrats love the pomp and splendor of shiny paper, and your precious original boat documents can stay safely on the vessel. If departing directly from U.S. waters, be aware that U.S. Customs does not normally issue a zarpe, or outbound clearance papers, yet these are required for entry into nearly any other nation. Download CBP Form 1300 and insist on a government stamp, any stamp. Be sure to have clear doctors’ prescriptions for every drug in the ship’s medical kit. What might be an over-the-counter medication in one country can be highly prohibited in another. Increasingly, foreign marinas demand third-party liability insurance. If you hope to further insure for damage and loss, check carefully the caveats relating to seasons and areas. If you plan to rent cars for touring, it is best to obtain an international driver’s license before departure.

Familiarize yourself with the basic elements that will shape your course and schedule — the direction and timing of the prevailing winds, significant currents, cyclone seasons, the positioning of the intertropical convergence zone and the South Pacific convergence zone. Ascertain if the year of passage has been deemed an El Niño or La Niña year because these phenomena can affect the above.

West Coast sailors may depart from as far north as the Strait of Juan de Fuca, near Seattle, or dally south to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, while awaiting the passage season. For European and East Coast sailors, the Pacific launching point is obviously the Panama Canal. The details of a canal transit are complex enough to warrant an article of their own, but relevant here is do not assume a quick passage, because during peak periods there can be several weeks of delay. Also, build in time to enjoy both the San Blas Islands, on the Atlantic side, and the Las Perlas Islands, on the Pacific side.

Pacific Sailing Routes

Although the official window for departures from Panama extends from February all the way to June, the trade winds tend to stabilize and strengthen as the year progresses. However, an early exit has many advantages. Leaving it until June allows only six months to transit up to 9,000 nautical miles before being forced to exit the cyclone belt at the western edge of the Pacific. This truncates the time to linger in favorite anchorages or tend to inevitable breakdowns and delays. Leaving as early as late January might technically put one out into the Pacific during the official cyclone season, but the statistical chances of a storm developing this far to the east are slim.

There are countless permutations of a westward passage, but the path dubbed the “Milk Run” is the most popular. Regardless of one’s plan for the western Pacific, this route passes by or through the Galápagos Islands , the Marquesas, Tuamotus and Society Islands (Tahiti).

The initial stage presents a challenge because the winds can be light and the currents contrary in the Gulf of Panama. It’s advisable to head slightly east of south when heading out of the Gulf; the western promontory is aptly named Punta Mala (Bad Point) due to its penchant for confused currents and squally weather.

Once well clear of the Gulf of Panama, fashion a southwestward course with a pronounced southern belly toward the Galápagos group. I once sailed a direct course for the Marquesas Islands that passed over the northern edge of the Galápagos. I paid for this foolishness by spinning in lazy circles for five excruciatingly long days. Given the early time of the year, I would have been better served by passing several degrees south of the island group. Because the intertropical convergence zone (better known as the doldrums) is widest in the eastern Pacific, it is best crossed at the least oblique angle reasonable.

On another Pacific passage, I chose to head south for Bahia de Caraquez in Ecuador. Not only was the cruise down the Ecuadorian coast fascinating, the passage to the Galápagos from Salinas provided steadier winds than had we departed directly from the canal.

The cost and conditions of a stay in the Galápagos are forever changing. As an admittedly stubborn form of protest, I sailed right by them on two different occasions. On the third, my wife, Diana, put her sea boots down and demanded we stop. Even with a limited stay and restricted access, we were treated to one of Earth’s most unique and fascinating natural habitats.

The 3,000-mile passage from the Galápagos to the Marquesas will probably be the longest of your sailing career. If you can focus on the journey instead of the destination, it might also be the most memorable. Many modern sailors tend to fill the Pacific void with a frenetic schedule of radio nets, emails and obsessive navigational updates. Others soak up the rare opportunity to commune deeply with nature, and experience a rare solitude and reaffirming self-reliance, which I believe to be the core virtues of bluewater sailing.

Counterintuitive to the landlubber but axiomatic to any old salt is that the rhumb line is often not the quickest route to a desired destination. Favorable winds mean speed, and the extra distance in search of them is usually well rewarded. When transiting from the Galápagos to the Marquesas, by first heading south-southwest down to 3 to 4 degrees south latitude, one should reach the upper limits of the southeast trade winds, albeit possibly sporadic at this point. But as you proceed west-southwest toward 6 degrees south latitude and 100 degrees west longitude, they should increase in both strength and consistency. As you straighten course toward your chosen port of entry in the Marquesas, you should begin experiencing your best noon-to-noon runs because you will still have a southerly component in the trades. This puts you on a broad reach, a point of sail most boats excel in. The farther west one heads, the more easterly the trades become until you are eventually running dead downwind. This tends to be a touch slower, with exacerbated rolling. Be sure to carry light-wind sails for the early portions of this journey, and equipment and sails suitable for downwind situations. That fortunate discrepancy you will notice between your speed on the log (i.e., through the water) versus the GPS speed (over the bottom) is compliments of the South Equatorial Current, which fortifies with the steadier trades.

There is only one shoal area along the route, which is well-charted (8 degrees 5 minutes N and 139 degrees 35 minutes W), and the islands are high and easily sighted from afar. Entrances to the main ports are open and well-marked, thus safely approached, a blessing for a fatigued crew. What the Marquesas Islands might lack in terms of white-sand beaches and aqua lagoons is more than made up for with a geography so dramatic as to be somewhat foreboding — towering rock spires, dense jungle and precipitous waterfalls. These islands have been protected from rampant development by a crushing remoteness and therefore arguably remain the cultural heart of Polynesia.

Passages between the islands are mostly clear and well-charted, but potentially windy. The anchorages tend to be open roadsteads, so anti-roll tactics and equipment come in handy. Yachts can clear in at Hiva Oa, Ua Pou or Nuku Hiva. Those first stopping in Fatu Hiva have met with mixed results, ranging from spot fines to official clearance. Yachts are no longer required to rush to Tahiti to extend their initial 30-day visa. Thus, with 90 days in pocket, you can divide your time between the Marquesas, Tuamotus and Societies more evenly than in years past.

Encompassing an area larger than Western Europe, the Tuamotus are the longest chain of atolls in the world. Historically, they were known as the “dangerous archipelago,” and rightfully so due to a baffling maze of poorly charted reefs, low-lying islands and diabolically unpredictable currents. Even with the best of modern navigational equipment and weather forecasting, they demand the mariner’s absolute vigilance regarding watchkeeping, entry and exit from atoll passes, and anchoring techniques.

Those in a hurry to reach Tahiti tend to pass through the wider channels at the northern end of the chain, perhaps visiting Ahe, Manihi and the main center of Rangiroa. Others, with more time, make landfall far to the south and make their way up the chain via Makemo and the beautiful Fakarava Lagoon, enjoying a better angle off the wind on the short sail to Tahiti.

The Society Islands are divided into two groups: the Windwards, including Tahiti and Moorea, and the Leewards, with Huahine, Raiatea, Taha’a and, perhaps the most beautiful of them all, Bora Bora. They are all lush, high and ringed by azure seas. If early in the season, all are worth visiting. If time is short, be sure to at least attend the amazing group-dance competitions held in the buzzing capital of Papeete, celebrating Bastille Day on July 14.

North or South?

In Tahiti, the Milk Run divides into myriad possibilities. There is the northern route, for those planning to cross through the Torres Strait or into the Northern Hemisphere for the coming cyclone season, and the southern route, for those dropping south of the danger into New Zealand.

Although the majority of the South Pacific islands would remain unexplored, Tahiti is the earliest cutout for those needing to return to North America because its easterly location allows for a viable starboard tack through the southeast and northeast trades to Hawaii. The long but logical route from there is wheeling over the top of the North Pacific summer high and back south into U.S. West Coast waters.

While the land mass of the Cook Islands is a mere 100 square miles, its economic exclusion zone covers nearly 700,000 square miles of Pacific Ocean. One can only hope to draw a thin line through this scattered nation. For those on the southern route, the four- to five-day passage to Aitutaki or Rarotonga offers a predictable beam-to-broad reach right on the rhumb line.

En route to Niue lies one of two opportunities to experience the eeriness of anchoring in the middle of a featureless ocean (the other being the Minerva Reefs between Tonga and New Zealand). Beveridge Reef is a sunken atoll with not a skerrick of land awash at low tide, yet it offers anchorable depths within.

Niue is a raised coral atoll and geographically rare in the South Pacific. As anchoring depths are prohibitive, deep moorings are available. Keep in mind that it is an open roadstead vulnerable to dangerous swells. If the wind even hints at going west, as it occasionally does, get out immediately.

To break up the 1,200-nautical-mile haul to American Samoa from the Society Islands, the northern fleet usually takes a break in the remote and uninhabited atoll of Suwarrow, also known as Suvorov. The pass is challenging, as is the anchoring. But those who dare will be treated to one of the wildest places left on this planet.

From this point west, both the northern and southern fleet enter into the South Pacific convergence zone, a dangling arm of the intertropical convergence zone that extends from the Solomon Islands in an east-southeast direction. The South Pacific convergence zone drifts with some seasonal predictability (more to the north from December to May and the south from June to November), but is also influenced by larger weather anomalies. It tends to shift to the northeast in El Niño years and southwest in the La Niña phase. Generally, it is an area of enhanced convection resulting in a frustrating mix of cloud cover, line squalls and calms.

The list of interesting stops from here west includes Tonga, Wallis and Futuna, Fiji, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Tuvalu, Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea. Nevertheless, those planning to sail directly through Torres Strait into the Indian Ocean cannot afford to dally. They should be through the Torres by late August or early September in order to cross the entire Indian Ocean into South Africa before the cyclone season begins sometime in late November. A popular alternative is to pass south to a good cyclone hole on the Australian coast, such as Cairns or Port Douglas, and backtrack up to the Torres Strait at the beginning of the next safe season.

Keep in mind that an east-to-west circumnavigation does not demand a route through the Torres. I once circumnavigated by passing north of Papua New Guinea, avoiding the Southern Hemisphere cyclone season, taking in Palau, the Philippines, and Borneo before dropping back into the Southern Hemisphere for the Indian Ocean passage to southern Africa. Any destination north of 10 degrees south latitude will keep you out of harm’s way, albeit without the steady assist of those lovely trade winds.

Those on the southern route can linger through Tonga or Fiji until well into November and still safely make New Zealand shores before any tropical depressions threaten. Most cruisers heading for New Zealand do not venture as far west as Vanuatu or New Caledonia on the assumption that they can easily fetch them on their way north the following season.

Unanimous acclaim for the beauty of the northern Tongan groups of Niua, Vava‘u and Ha‘apai makes some time here mandatory, which harks back to my original advice to head out of Panama as early as safely possible. The southern contingent usually drifts south toward Nuku‘alofa, the capital, until it likes the long-range forecast for the passage to New Zealand. Many plan to hole up in Minerva Reef, getting a head start on the 1,100 miles to New Zealand, and depart there with the absolute latest weather predictions.

The reputation of this leg has more bark than bite, but it cannot be denied that tropical weather events drifting down from the Coral Sea and cold fronts coming up from the Southern Ocean have dramatic potential. One can expect winds from nearly every direction, starting with southeast trades on departure and potentially deep lows with strong southwesterlies shifting to northwesterlies when approaching New Zealand. Thus, the usual advice is to fall off the southeast trades and make some westing in anticipation of that southwest-to-northwest change. Not to be a contrarian, but I have made this passage more than a half-dozen times and believe it is better to hold to the east as far as wind and waves allow because if that southwest change does not occur, you might find yourself on the wrong side of North Cape, New Zealand, with contrary winds and confused currents. Although Norfolk Island is not a fully protected anchorage, many vessels that find themselves west of the rhumb line with foul forecasts to the south will shelter here until conditions improve.

It’s possible, albeit tedious, to return to North America from New Zealand. Vessels head out to the east from as far south as Tauranga hoping to catch the northerly limits of the westerlies until they fetch the longitude of the Austral Islands, then turn north for Tahiti. From there, they follow the route as previously described. From the outset of their voyage, some have planned to sell their yacht in New Zealand or Australia rather than carry on with a circumnavigation or a very lengthy sail back to the United States, especially if they are East Coast residents. Import duties, brokerage costs and currency exchange rates must be factored into this strategy. Is it heresy to suggest that another option is to ship the vessel back home? The initial estimates might seem staggering, but once compared to the escalating marina and maintenance costs, and the many windward months and miles home, the horror subsides.

Whatever your plan from here, through a combination of wind and will, you have done it. You, your crew and your splendid craft have spanned the mightiest body of water on Earth. You have immersed yourself in millions of square miles of salty solitude and self-reliance. You have absorbed the exotic cultures of Central Americans, Polynesians, Micronesians and Melanesians. And now, as only a seasoned mariner can, you truly understand why they call it the Big Blue.

Contributing editor, Alvah Simon, and his wife, Diana, are presently sailing New Zealand waters on their cutter Roger Henry, with occasional voyages to the South Pacific islands.

South Pacific At A Glance

• Dry Season: May-October
• Wet Season: November-April
• Cyclone Season: November-April. Active
• Cyclone Area: south of 10° S; west of 140° W
• Distance: Panama to Australia — 8,000 nautical miles
• Cultural Areas: Polynesia, Micronesia, Melanesia, Australia/New Zealand

References:

• World Cruising Routes by Jimmy Cornell
• noonsite.com (Virtually everything you will need to know on a current basis will be found on this comprehensive website.)
• Atlas of Pilot Charts — South Pacific, DMA/NOAA
• The Pacific Crossing Guide by Kitty Van Hagen
• Charlie’s Charts of Polynesia by Charles and Margo Wood
• Landfalls of Paradise by Earl Hinz and Jim Howard
• South Pacific Cruising by David Thatcher
• South Pacific Anchorag es by Warwick Clay
• Rocket Guide to Vanuatu & New Caledonia
• Solomon Island Cruising Guide by Dirk Sieling
• New Zealand Coastal Cruising Handbook by Royal Akarana Yacht Club
• Lonely Planet South Pacific Travel Guide

Selected SSB/Ham WX Nets:

• Southbound Evening Net: 6516 kHz at 0100 UTC
• Panama Pacific Net: 8143 kHz at 1400 UTC
• Pacific Maritime Mobile: 21.412 MHz at
• 2100-2400 UTC
• Pacific Magellan: 8173 kHz at 1730 UTC
• Pacific Seafarers: 14300 kHz at 0300 UTC
• Namba/Sheila Net: 8101 kHz at UTC plus 11 hours
• Gulf Harbor Radio: 8116 kHz at 0715 local New Zealand time
• (There is a host of smaller and temporary VHF and SSB nets throughout the Pacific.)
• More: Destinations , How To , offshore , Pacific , passage making
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Sailing The Pacific In A Catamaran – Tips!

Sailing the Pacific can be a dream to many. It can also be a wonderful experience to explore new routes, tackle varying weather conditions, and cherish moments for a lifetime. 

Sailing the Pacific in a catamaran of 30-50 feet is feasible, and it can take around eight weeks to sail it completely. Sailing offshore can be dangerous, so consider the West Coast route for a great experience. 

If you are still planning an itinerary to sail the entire Pacific Ocean, this article can offer extensive insights to help you plan better and make your trip more memorable.

Pacific Sailing Routes

There are two sailing routes across the Pacific – East to West and West to East. Taking the route from East to West via Panama and The Galapagos is ideal. 

Let’s look into these routes in more detail before you make your decision on which one to take.

Coconut Milk Run

Most sailors prefer taking the coconut milk run, which is the route from East to West, as the weather conditions are convenient and the route is comparatively shorter. 

The sailing begins from Panama and moves via French Polynesia. Perhaps, if you prefer a halt in the mid, you can visit the Galapagos Islands and rest for some time. It takes about 6-8 weeks to sail across the Pacific Ocean via this route. Perhaps, you can customize the stop points depending on the starting point. Some even go beyond the Pacific and sail the Caribbean for a unique experience. 

West to East

Most sailors don’t prefer taking the route from West to East due to the upwind that demands strong capability of the crew and other contingency preparations. The direct route is the fastest, but the winds are high. On the other hand, the Northern Route is filled with several small passages and can be the most favorite for adventure lovers. Do not attempt this route if you do not have a well-backed crew. Another route called the roaring forties takes about ten weeks and has several downwind spots. 

You could take a catamaran of 30 to 50 feet in length on both routes, but you may need additional helpers if you due to the demand of this trip length.

Do you have ample time to spend on your sail? In that case, you can set the United States as your starting route and go via Hawaii, Fiji, Polynesia, and New Zealand if you want a huge trip.

Can A Catamaran Cross The Pacific Ocean?

A catamaran of 30-50 feet in length can cross the Pacific Ocean smoothly. Remember to stock up with supplies if you are taking the West to East route due to its length. The East to West route is filled with scenic views and is the most favorable choice.

Catamarans are ideal for crossing oceans, including the Pacific due to their size and speed. Some experienced sailors choose monohulls to sail across the Pacific instead of catamarans, but the catamaran is safer and more comfortable to spend your vacation on. Everyone is entitled to their own opinion though.

Here are some more reasons to cross the Pacific Ocean with a catamaran over other sailboats. 

• Cruising catamarans are perfect for oceans due to the positive buoyancy material used. 
• Catamarans are also resistant to damage and can withstand wave crashes. Do not go with recreational cats when you sail across the ocean. 
• Cruising catamarans are ideal for rough weather conditions as these contain enclosed cockpit spaces that keep the sailors safer. 
• It is harder for a rogue wave to push a catamaran off course. Irrespective of the route you choose, you can go with a catamaran. 
• Crews have found it extremely comfortable to balance on a catamaran. 
• Knockdowns cannot hamper the catamaran because of the even weight allocation and the natural roll resistance in its design.  

Want to get a glimpse of the sailing experience across the Pacific? You should watch the video below:

As you can see from the video it can be rough at some times and safety is one thing you always need to consider before leaving port.

Dangers Of Sailing The South Pacific 

Sailing the South Pacific is the safest during the summer. Otherwise, it would be best if you had a balanced crew and a perfect itinerary to handle all situations. 

When you sail the Pacific along the United States and Canada, you are less likely to see upwind during summer. However, things can worsen during winter. 

Here’s a word of caution: Do not sail offshore if you do not have an expert team of sailors. 

Although fatalities are uncommon, it is better to take precautions as you travel on a catamaran. Typhoons are claimed to be the most dangerous hazard in the pacific and you need to be cautious when you sail across the Pacific. While these are always common, the speed and intensity can put everyone at high risk for injury or falling overboard. 

If you have inexperienced sailors, you must know that the Pacific is not simple sailing. Heavy weather is anticipated from November to April. You need several experienced sailors to tackle rough weather conditions and the seasickness of passengers can cause issues when sailing. 

There are other risks as well, including passengers overboard, rough weather, catamaran problems, and navigation errors. Sailing amidst rough weather conditions is common for sailors to get confused or lose access to navigation. In such cases, you need to make use of communication models like tracking devices and search and rescue services. 

Here are a few precautions to keep in mind before you begin sailing across the Pacific:

• Evaluate your crew’s stability and health – Check if you are prepared to handle sudden medical emergencies of your crew. 
• Make a note of contacts to search and rescue services – This will be helpful if you lose navigation or are stuck in the middle of the ocean. 
• Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of your sailors – You do not necessarily need 10 highly skilled sailors. However, having a handful is sufficient to handle the issues that may come up.
• Monitor weather conditions and note contingency plans – It is recommended to plan your vacation during May-July. Otherwise, weather conditions can get rough and pose several emergencies. 

How Long Does It Take To Cross The Pacific By Catamaran?

It takes an average of 7-10 weeks to cross the Pacific by catamaran. The duration depends on the size of the vessel, the number of passengers, route, itinerary, and weather conditions.

Some prefer having several stopping points to relax and take a break before continuing the cruise. A rough estimate of the duration is feasible. However, identifying the accurate duration is difficult since several variables exist in the ocean. 

Here are some tips to obtain a better grip on the duration:

– Choose the perfect route. The East to West route is the shortest of all. 

– Keep modern technologies handy so you do not waste time finding solutions to your emergencies. I’d recommend installing radar systems to avoid collisions and plan your itinerary better.  

– Plan the itinerary before leaving port. Perhaps, you can make adjustments along the way, but that should not affect the duration on a large scale. 

– The size of the catamaran is also influenced by the number of passengers and other baggage. 

How Big Of A Sailboat Do I Need To Cross The Pacific?

A sailboat at a minimum of 30 feet is required to cross the Pacific and handle rough seas. However, if you have a sailboat of 40 ft in length, it is perfect for tackling weather, and storage needs, and also helps improve comfort. 

There is also the option to rent a sailboat to cross the Pacific. Ensure you have a complete understanding of how this boat works. You do not want to be caught out in the middle of rough weather not knowing how to correct a boat’s issue.  

Smaller sailboats do not support rough weather conditions. Further, your comfort is at stake when you choose smaller sizes. Even if you are traveling solo, the size of the vessel matters a lot. 

Tips For Better Pacific Sailing 

Sailing across the Pacific is likely to throw unexpected situations at travelers. Based on the experiences of various sailors, I have come up with some handy tips to improvise and get the best out of your sailing experience across the Pacific. 

• Maintain a crew of at least three experienced sailors. This crew needs to take shifts in sailing the catamaran and watching the route. Even when one of them falls sick, the other two are available. 
• Keep a navigation chart handy. It is better to have multiple copies and also share them with your passengers, so all are well-equipped and informed about the itinerary. 
• Perform an extensive evaluation of the catamaran. Do not randomly choose a catamaran. Remember to inspect the boat and rate its current health. Keep spare parts on board for certain situations. It is also equally important to have experienced sailors who can repair the boat and fix things when required. 
• Check with safety laws and ensure that your catamaran complies with all of them before you start your journey across the Pacific. 

These have always helped me sail better and more confidently.   

Final Thoughts

Sailing across the Pacific is a must-have experience in life, but it also comes with its drawbacks. Sailing at the right time (May – July) in a cruising catamaran of at least 30 feet in length with a proper plan will make the experience fruitful and interesting. 

Remember not to overload your catamaran with people or items. Likewise, choose the route that is convenient to you. Cruising on a catamaran is the perfect way to enjoy your journey! 

Boatlifehq owner and author/editor of this article.

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How Long Does It Take to Sail Across The Pacific?

Doing a pacific crossing on a monohull or catamaran is one experience you’ll cherish for years, but one that requires a ton of prior planning.

Crossing the Pacific – Sail Times

With more than 8,000 nautical miles to sail, it takes 2.5 to 4 weeks to make the longest leg of a Pacific crossing from Galapagos Islands to The Marquesas. However, most cruisers take 3 to 6 months, or even up to 12 months, to do the entire ‘Coconut Milk Run’ from Panama to Australia, by stopping into many atolls, islands and countries along the way.

Fortunately, this long crossing typically has favourable currents and strong tradewinds, allowing both a fast and comfortable passage with many cruisers referring this to being relatively easy sailing. Mild swell, predictable and clean winds and with next to no squalls, it’s a trip that’s well within your means, and yes, even if it’s your first large crossing.

That is – provided you do some strong planning, good provisioning and have more than 2 crew members. We certainly wouldn’t recommend an Atlantic crossing for a couple unless you’ve got some serious sea miles under your belt, otherwise, you’ll arrive into French Polynesia completely and utterly exhausted.

In this guide, we’ll help you better plan the trip so you can have a safe and comfortable voyage, and you’ll see why the South Pacific especially is one of the best cruising grounds out there.

West-Bound vs East-Bound

In many cases, it’s far better to head east-bound (towards Australia) as opposed to sailing towards the Panama Canal. This is because you’ll be sailing upwind with both tides and wind working against the boat.

Not only will the ride be more uncomfortable, but you’ll be putting more stress and strain on your boat at the same time. Many cruisers like us are out there to have fun and aren’t fond of an unpleasant crossing.

Length of Voyage

As we hinted at the start, you shouldn’t focus on the length of the crossing but plan for an entire year (or 3!) to do a Pacific crossing. This is because of the epic islands, unique cultures, incredible anchorages and stunning mounts (hello Marquesas!) that you’ll find along the way.

Unlike the Mediterranean, there are thousands of protected anchorages along the way paired with many available buoys (often times free) to protect the sensitive coral reefs. When you’re cruising, who’s in a rush? Especially when it’s the trip of a lifetime for many aspiring sailors.

Route Planning

A truly first-world problem is choosing which route you’d want to take on your first Pacific crossing, and there is no one-route-fits-all approach here. It really comes down to your boat type, crew numbers, vessel weight, time of year and current experience.

We would highly recommend stopping into the Galapagos Islands and stay for 2 to 3 weeks. Quarantine here is quite strict so you’ll have to consume or dispose of any food before entering port while ensuring you arrive on a spotless hull.

A drawback towards any Pacific crossing is experiencing the doldrums. This challenge is mostly felt after leaving the Galapagos Islands en route to French Polynesia, but then again…where else would you rather be?

For the following islands, their order is based on heading eastwards on a Pacific Crossing.

French Polynesia

If time permits, we would recommend 1 to 2 months in French Polynesia if you really want to experience the culture shock and the incredible hospitality. This country is the epitome of world cruising and ‘living the dream’ with the many atolls and empty beaches where few tourists ever visit.

For those of you rushing the trip, then you can’t leave without stopping into Taumotus and The Marquesas for their incredible mountains and lush rainforests. As an added bonus, the frequent rainfalls means that you’ll be able to get that salt off your deck too!

If you’re anything like us, Tahiti has been at the top of your bucket list for years. It sits almost smack-bang in the middle of Australia and the United States meaning it’s both difficult and expensive for every day tourists to explore. The benefit(s) of owning a sailing vessel after all, right?

Tahiti is a part of the Society Islands and is the most popular island for cruisers. It’s certainly worth a stopover to rest, recover and restock your boat with fresh provisions.

One of the most beautiful things about Tonga is the short hops between its 3 main anchorages. This makes for a welcome reprieve after the Pacific crossing, paired with incredible hospitality.

Unfortunately, this is also where you’ll start seeing commercial tourism at play given the daily flights between Tonga and Australia. So if you’re missing modern civilization, just remember “Things get normal again from Tonga onwards”

Things really start to get normal from Fiji onwards with resorts, hotels and restaurants never too far away from Suva. Fortunately, Fiji is a huge cruising ground and you could spend several months here without seeing the whole lot.

While snorkeling, fishing and diving can be found in many Pacific islands, Fiji is also where you’ll find some epic places to go surfing, kite boarding and even pick up some half-decent WIFI to catch up on social media back home. Like we said….you’re almost back to normality here.

Vanuatu isn’t as busy as Fiji (fortunately!) and makes for a great stopover before you do your final stretch of sailing across the pacific. We fell in love with the amazing scenery both above and below the waterline.

The local people are warm and friendly while the local festivals can’t to be missed. Some say it’s the happiest country in the world, and we certainly couldn’t disagree! It’s at this point that you’ll start to feel some angst as the end of your trip is looming.

Finishing a Pacific Crossing in Australia or New Zealand?

For many who are finishing off their Pacific crossing, it’s hard to know whether to make a bee-line for Australia and enter in Brisbane, Coffs Harbour or Sydney, or make a diversion to Auckland. This depends on what time of year you’re making the Pacific crossing.

In late autumn through to mid Summer, it’s a perfect time to check into Auckland and explore the incredible cruising grounds of New Zealand’s North Island. However, the region is very cold in the winter months paired with less predictable weather systems making a leap to Australia more challenging for a novice sailor.

So in short, aim for Auckland if you can make it, otherwise sail direct to Australia’s east coast. Sydney to Brisbane can be cruised year-round with no cyclone seasons making a perfect base in which to explore, and later head for Auckland as summer approaches once again.

Pacific crossing: The basics

Crossing the Pacific Ocean is a huge undertaking that only the most confident and experienced sailors and motor yacht captains have accomplished.

It’s a 3,000 nautical mile journey across unpredictable waters. You can come across long periods of calms, high winds, and rough seas. Yet, every year a number of brave boaters cross this huge expanse of water. 

When was the Pacific ocean first crossed?

The first transpacific crossing was recorded in 1521. Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan discovered the Strait of Magellan in 1521, after exploring much of the Southern tip of South America. Finding the way across the strait took Magellan and his men 38 days. They then spent 99 days crossing the ocean westward and landed on the island of Guam. 

Can a motor yacht cross the pacific?

A big ocean-going motor yacht with massive fuel (gas) capacity can cross the Pacific Ocean. 

In 2017, a Nordhavn 120 was delivered from China to British Columbia . The trip covered 6,000 nautical miles and lasted 38 days. It was no small feat, which is why it ended up making the news. Most people sail across the Pacific on a sailboat, covering roughly a minimum of 3,000 nautical miles.

How long does it take to cross the pacific by boat?

It depends on the speed of your boat and the weather conditions, as well as which route you choose.

Most people cross from Mexico to the Marquesas, which is a little over 3,000 nautical miles. The Galapagos used to make for an excellent jumping off point, but the cost and conditions of a stay are ever-changing.

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What is the best time to cross the pacific?

It depends on where you start and finish your passage. You need to plan your route based around two tropical storm seasons. In the Eastern North Pacific, hurricane season runs from June to November. In the South Pacific, cyclone season occurs between November and May. You can sail in each area safely if you avoid the tropical storm seasons.

For example, if you're going from the US, Mexico, or Panama to the Marquesas, you'll need to cross between April and June. If instead you're crossing from Australia or New Zealand to Tahiti, plan your journey between May and July.

Pacific crossing routes?

There are many routes you can pick to cross the Pacific Ocean. Each traditional route is based around weather and wind patterns (the so-called trade winds).

If you start from the San Francisco area, you can head to Hawaii and then onto the Marquesas. Or you could sail south from there, towards Mexico, and leave Cabo San Lucas to sail directly to the Marquesas.

Alternatively, if you depart from Panama, you can stop at the Galapagos Islands and then continue on to the Marquesas or the Tuamotu Archipelago.

From the South Pacific, you can take shorter passages to get to New Zealand, Fiji , Australia, the Cook Islands, and more. 

Starting your voyage from Australia, you can cross to New Zealand and then stop at the Society Islands. From here, you’ll need to set your course north to Hawaii and then continue up towards Canada.

If you leave from Papua New Guinea, you can cross to Japan, rest and then take a route north towards Canada.

These are just some of the traditional route options you have, which are strictly based on the trade winds' patterns. More and more people are now crossing the Pacific at different times, setting their own course. Modern weather forecasting and satellite communication make the crossing a lot safer.

If you’d like to cross the Pacific one day, you’ll need to buy a highly-regarded guide book, such as World Cruising Routes by Jimmy Cornell. These guides contain essential information to help you pick your route and weather window. The best time of year to cross will depend on which route you take and where you plan to spend the cyclone season.

Don't forget to research ports of entry for each country, as you will need to check in before you can explore anywhere on land.

How safe is it to sail across the pacific?

If you cross on a solid and well-maintained boat, with an experienced and capable captain, it can be fairly safe. Of course, you need to take as many safety precautions as possible. Wear a tether and lifejacket on deck and in the cockpit, carry two satellite phones, have the life raft checked before you leave, carry extra food, and more. 

Like any big boat adventure, there are risks involved, but you can reduce them significantly by taking your safety seriously.

How big should my boat be to cross the pacific?

Size is important when it comes to an ocean crossing. The bigger the boat, the more comfortable the ride. However, sea-worthiness is crucial. A small boat may be better-built and safer than a big yacht. It all depends on how sturdy it is and what gear you install on board. That said, for a comfortable ride, you’ll want to cross on a boat around 40ft long. 

If you’d like to find out more about what makes a blue water sailboat, have a look at this article .

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Home » Budget Travel » Sailing Across The Pacific: The ULTIMATE Sailboat Adventure! (2024)

Sailing Across The Pacific: The ULTIMATE Sailboat Adventure! (2024)

A freshly caught tuna sizzles in sesame oil. The Milky Way is so clear, you feel like if you just reached your hand a little further you might just touch the stars. Waves lap against the hull, and that’s about the only sound you hear.

This is how I remember sailing across the Pacific Ocean . Nostalgia hasn’t rose-tinted all the memories, though. There was still the maddening autopilot who gave up the ghost only twelve days into a month long passage (you little @#*!).

Crossing the largest ocean on earth by sailboat is no easy feat, but it brings with it an elation and joy that is unique to offbeat travel. No one can take away the fact that you did it. You crossed an ocean.

Now, what does it take to sail across the Pacific Ocean? Just a good floating tin can with some sails and enough coffee to kill a bear. 😉 Kidding aside, I strongly believe that with good preparation and training, anyone can learn to sail and cross the Pacific Ocean.

You just need:

• The best routes
• Some juicy inspiration
• Practical tools and tips to prepare your boat (and your crew)

And that’s where I come in! So let’s get into it – let’s get you ready to cross the Pacific Ocean by sailboat!

Crossing the Pacific Ocean in a Sailboat – WHY?

• Sailing Routes Across the Pacific(and how long they take)

Oh, the Places You’ll Go (during your Pacific passage)

When to jump the pacific puddle (so you don’t die), what you will need to cross the pacific ocean by sailboat, faqs about sailing across the pacific, final thoughts on sailing across the pacific.

What kind of maniac dreams of sailing across the Pacific? What kind of person puts thousands of nautical miles between them and the nearest semblance of land?

The Pacific Ocean has been singing a siren song promising palm trees, balmy weather, and peaceful winds for centuries. You’re completely unplugged – so no damn Instagram! For many sailors – veteran and greenhorn alike – it is the ultimate, goldilocks cruising grounds.

“The principal difference between an adventurer and a suicide is that the adventurer leaves himself a margin of escape.” – Tom Robbins

To cross the Pacific Ocean by sailboat represents an accomplishment that no one can take from you. It is indeed an adventure of epic proportions. Long night watches, daily face-offs with the elements, fixing the umpteenth broken thing… it is no easy feat! But anyone with a little preparation and a bit of know-how can leave themselves a margin of escape.

With a little initiation into the trials and tribulations of boat life , a cornucopia of experience awaits the adventurer who sails across the Pacific.

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Sailing Routes Across the Pacific (and how long they take)

The sailor knows that there is no point fighting the wind. So, a successful passage across the Pacific depends on good winds. Generally speaking, this lends itself to an east to west crossing.

All good boat plans are written in the sand at high tide, so of course, there are some deviations from the popular route. But, there are still vague targets and timelines that guide your Pacific Crossing.

Sailing the Pacific Ocean from East to West – The Coconut Milk Run

From the moment Magellan stuck his nose out from Panama and declared it Mar del Pacifico , this is the route sailors have favoured.

Your trip can begin with a little visit to Panama , heading south to charge through the notorious ICTZ, and riding the south-easterly trades all the way to French Polynesia. Some will stop in and travel the Galapagos, others will charge on through. This passage can take anywhere from 23 to 40+ days in a sailboat.

There are variations on this Coconut Milk Run. You can set off from Mexico or Ecuador, for example. Maybe this is part of a larger circumnavigation and you’re fresh off a season in sailing the Caribbean or an Atlantic Ocean crossing.

You can go onwards to Australia and New Zealand, or get stuck in the South Pacific. Even going on to travel Southeast Asia , or India, are not out of the question for the brave circumnavigator.

Wherever your starting point is in the east, you will spend a month (give or take) without seeing land. Just you in your tiny boat-universe traversing the sea and the stars.

Sailing the Pacific Ocean from West to East

Call me lazy, but this is a hard slog. Nothing is ever impossible, but you’ve got to have some patience with the winds to sail across the Pacific Ocean from west to east. If the early Polynesian navigators can do it, though, so can you and your tin can.

The three main options for sailing from west to east are:

• The “Direct Route”
• The Roaring Forties
• The Northern Route

Ok, I lied – I would love to do the Roaring Forties passage! Anyway, this is not about Indi’s Secret Planning to Cross the Pacific Ocean Again. This is Serious Writer Business.

So, the Direct Route has the disadvantage of it being primarily upwind. But if you’ve got a well-prepared boat – and well-prepared crew – it can be fast and exhilarating.

The Roaring Forties has broken stronger sailors than me. It’s a long passage – 40 to 50 days . Extreme latitudes and rolling seas mean you need a well-stocked boat – and hardy crew. Also, the point of cruising the Pacific is usually balmy weather. There’s not a lot of balmy weather down there, mate. But if you can hunt around for the right latitude, it’s downwind sailing (yay)!

And then there’s the Northern Route. Basically, this is several smaller passages up through the Coral Sea, through Southeast Asia and Japan, and then across the Northern Pacific. An EPIC bucket list adventure if I ever dreamed of one! You can hunt around for good wind on this passage, but again, you’ll need a resilient crew and boat ready to take on the many nautical miles to be covered.

If we look at a map of the Pacific Ocean, you’ll notice it’s mostly blue. On one side is the Americas, and somewhere over there is Australia and New Zealand.

But scattered across this great blue spectacular, are various incarnations of paradise on Earth. Oh, the Pacific Islands! You marvellous little delights full of genuine offbeat travel!

Sailing in French Polynesia

After travelling Panama, or elsewhere in the Americas, you’ll likely arrive in French Polynesia .

There are three main groups of islands. There are the Marquesas, the Tuamotus, and the Society Islands. Your first port of call after the big crossing is likely going to be the Marquesas.

The Marquesas are epic volcanic islands that tower over deep waters. There is some cheeky hunting and epic hiking here, as well as cheap baguettes. It blew my mind that in the middle of the Pacific there was cheap, French bread!

However beautiful these islands are, though, the stereotypical shallow, blue waters teeming with coral reefs are not here.

You must press on to the Tuamotus and Society Islands for that. I reckon you could get lost in the Tuamotus for a lifetime – as long as the freshwater doesn’t run out.

The world’s best scuba diving, spearfishing, and lazy hammock days are your juicy reward for crossing the world’s greatest ocean! Not too shabby.

Sailing in the Cook Islands

The Cook Islands Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is 2 million square kilometres! You can’t expect to know this series of islands intimately in just one visit. Still, good fishing, chatty locals, and picturesque islands make it worth sailing through. Travelling to the Cook Islands (and briefly becoming a mermaid) may be just what you need to avoid travel burnout .

Palmerston Atoll is only able to be reached by boat. It is a series of islets whose inhabitants can all be traced back to one man – William Marsters. Island time becomes more prominent the further away from continents you get. So by the time you get to Palermston Atoll, you can throw your watch overboard!

Throughout the Cook Islands, a slow tempo to living is the norm. Expect to chat lots with strangers, explore uninhabited islands, and wonder why you’d ever return to “normal” life. If I ever end up on the run, don’t go looking for me (or my mermaid look-alike) in the Cook Islands! 😉

Sailing in Fiji

As you continue your westward sailing across the Pacific, you will probably make a stopover and stay in Fiji .

Fiji is a bit of a crossroads within the Pacific. It is both Polynesian and Melanesian, and it is also home to a large Indian diaspora. While much of the Pacific escaped a strong colonial presence, Fiji did not. Along with its own kingdoms and chiefdoms, the British stuck their nose in and left a muddy footprint on Fijian culture.

The British chose the rainiest place in the Pacific as the capital of their colony – Suva. Because of course, they did. Suva will probably surprise first-time visitors – it’s fewer palm trees and coconuts and more traffic and nightclubs.

Suva aside, the rest of Fiji is as remote and gorgeous as you’d expect the Pacific to be. Sailing through Fiji is a reminder that the Pacific is as complex as the rest of the world – it just has more white sand beaches!

Sailing to New Zealand

If you make it to New Zealand, pat yourself on the back! You crossed the Pacific freaking Ocean – fuck yeah!

If you take the east to west passage across the Pacific, chances are you’ll end up in Aotearoa, New Zealand. The kiwis are pretty comfortable with their status as a Pacific Island. Along with the first real supermarkets on this side of the Pacific, there are familiar smatterings of Polynesian culture.

Dammit New Zealand, you’re pretty freaking sweet! Road tripping around New Zealand is bloody dreamy: the hiking and the mountains are off the charts, and the people are just so friendly! If there were ever a sticky place to tempt my wandering feet to settle down, it’d be New Zealand. Plus, the diving is pretty great .

Some sailors choose to sell their boats here. Some choose to slow down and spend a season working or exploring New Zealand. Eventually, most sailors have to move on. Travelling to New Zealand is a very special experience that will have most sailors scheming about how to get back!

Sailing to Australia

Maybe you bypassed New Zealand and came straight across the Pacific to Australia. Maybe you added crossing the Tasman Sea to your growing list of sailing achievements. However you made it, and whatever customs form you had to fill out to prove it, you arrived in Australia – the famed Land Down Under.

A pretty epic continent is bound to get under your skin. She’s bold, she’s beautiful, and she’s stinking hot! There are countless incredible adventures to be had in Australia!

Australia is less keen on embracing its geographical status as a Pacific or Asian country. It’s a whole different kettle of fish down under, mate.

There are sweet Australian road trips , and working opportunities abound for the boat bum. You can easily restock the cruising kitty for a season before continuing your sailing circumnavigation. There’s also a pristine and sparsely populated coastline good for nothing but surfing and sailing!

I reckon the reason you don’t see too many Australian sailors around the world is that they see no reason to leave their beautiful home.

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Danger is a relative concept. Crossing the street and driving a car is dangerous, but we all do it every day. Crossing the Pacific Ocean can be dangerous, but you can mitigate those risks.

People always ask me how bad the weather was at sea. Were there storms? They don’t ask about keeping healthy while travelling, breakdowns at sea, or navigation nearly as often. A storm holds a captivating spot in our psyche – and for good reason.

It’s worth remembering that your boat is probably stronger than you. You shouldn’t get into your life raft until you are stepping up into your life raft. Extreme situations aside, there are safer times to cross the Pacific! And more comfortable times too. So when is it best to sail across the Pacific Ocean?

The boat sinking storms are concentrated in hurricane or cyclone season. Luckily, these seasons are quite well known now. If you are in the South Pacific between November and April, your chances of a cyclone are high. But, come May, the odds drop to almost zero. Cyclone season in the North Pacific and the Caribbean is June through November.

With this in mind, the best time to sail across the Pacific Ocean becomes clearer. If you leave Panama around March , you will arrive in the South Pacific right at the beginning of the best cruising season. You will also avoid the cyclone season of the Caribbean.

There’s no point fighting the winds, man!

You need a sailboat that is stem to stern ready. You also need a crew that is in tip-top shape and mentally prepared for the long passage ahead. Realistically, anyone who is prepared can take on sailing across the Pacific Ocean. But what does it look like to be prepared?

The Trial by Sailboat – LIVEABOARD EXPERIENCE!

Before literally chucking yourself in the deep end by sailing the Pacific, why not rent the boat life? Try your hand at skippering a sailboat bareboat (without captain or crew) so you can stress-test yourself as a sailor. Sailo lets you do exactly that!

You can rent one of over 30,000 boats. If you’re not up to skippering your own boat, then kick back on one of the many catered charter boats on offer! You’re guaranteed to find something suitable and have a splashing good time in the best places in the world to sail.

It’s not the most hardcore jump-in-the-deep-end training for your Pacific passage, but having a taste of the boat life is probably a good idea! It’d be a bit awkward if you got halfway across the Pacific only to realise this whole boat life wasn’t for you.

Boat System Preparation

Being prepared to sail across the Pacific Ocean means knowing your boat at least as well as you know your smush buddy.

I like to remember that a day spent preparing in the dock is worth a week at sea. When you walk around your boat, ask yourself: how likely is this to break, and if this broke, could I fix it? Preparing systems and the backup systems to backup systems is all part of your preparation.

Ultimately though, you need to be flexible. You might not leave port knowing how to sew anything more than a button to your pants. But if push came to shove, you would learn real fast to mend your sail.

Knowing how to use both charts and electronic navigation is useful. Keeping in touch via the radio is also a useful – and fun – way of getting weather and gossip. Nothing says boat life like a radio crackling to life somewhere off the coast of Ecuador.

“Hola amigo, cual es tu posicion? Y cuidado con los monstruos!” It’s the first voice you’ve heard in over nine days that didn’t originate from you or your crew. It’s a comfort knowing there’s someone else out there also afraid of the sea monsters!

Essentially, being prepared is about organisation and organisation is about lists.

• Galley lists
• Maintenance lists
• Medical supplies list
• Weather lists
• Reading lists

Aside from adequate supplies, navigation and maintenance know-how, you need to have an adequately prepared crew.

Things go wrong on the road ALL THE TIME. Be prepared for what life throws at you.

Buy an AMK Travel Medical Kit before you head out on your next adventure – don’t be daft!

Sailing Solo Across the Pacific?

An adequate crew may look like just you, yourself, and you. That pun didn’t really work in the third person, but we’re rolling with it.

Sailing solo for long passages like that which is required to cross the Pacific is not unheard of. It is often the preferred way of sailing for old salts. And there is a certain appeal in the solitude of a long passage – it’s the ultimate growth at the edge of your comfort zone .

The biggest hurdle to solo sailing is standing watches. It’s hard to maintain a constant watch and get enough sleep. Usually, a system of radar alarms, twenty-minute nap alarms, and a dash of faith in King Neptune get the solo sailor to their next port.

Knowing yourself and what you are capable of as a sailor is alluring though. Because no matter how well you know another person, you’re always going to know them better (for better or worse) after a long ocean passage.

To Crew or Not to Crew While Sailing Across the Pacific

A big advantage to having two, three, or more, people crewing a Pacific crossing is the night watches. Adequate sleep is a severely underappreciated necessity! Being able to divide the days and nights into shifts means that everyone gets to eat better and sleep better.

But managing dynamics in close confines, far away from any time out spaces, is key. Your friend might be a perfectly competent sailor. When on land you notice that they chew with their mouth open and sometimes like to rant about how the world is going to end in the next ten years.

This is all good when you can leave the bar and have a break from them. All is good when you do small passages with them. But, when you’re in a small sailboat in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, you may not want to hear about the apocalypse for the twelfth time in as many days while watching food entirely miss their mouth.

Vanlife has a reputation for making or breaking relationships. Sailboat life is essentially vanlife without the ability to go for a hike and ignore your partner for a while. There’s also the added dynamic of captain vs crew.

With good communication, sailing across the ocean with your partner can create an unshakable bond that transforms and solidifies your partnership. Without good communication, you might not ever want to see that dickweed’s face again.

So, to crew or not to crew? Personally, I think we’re stronger together than we are apart . I think that sailing across an ocean is a sublime experience that is made easier and more pleasurable when shared. BUT, you need to be honest and aware of the dynamics. Play to your strengths and be accepting of others – and your own – weaknesses.

Mama Moana has a way of humbling us all.

Boat Food is Good Food

To sail across the Pacific, you’re going to need food – obviously! 😉 Each boat will have different capabilities when it comes to storage and fridge capacity, so fresh food may last better on some boats than others.

After a month at sea, cooking is bound to get creative though. Add in the challenges of cooking underway and fatigue and you are primed to get creative in the galley!

Food is fuel and a happy gut makes for a happy mind. Things like lemons that keep well for weeks become a godsend. Rather than see food as a cumbersome challenge, think of it as a means for innovation.

I had a captain who learned to make his own yoghurt. Another who pickled their own foods. Every boat I’ve been on has had its own take on the one-pot curry. Skills like salting fish and baking bread become more accessible when you’ve got nothing but time on your hands!

Sailing across the Pacific is made easier with good supplies and a creative touch in the galley! If all else fails, high protein and high sugar snacks like peanut butter make the night watches go quicker!

Fishing While Crossing the Pacific Ocean

A way to supplement your supplies – and provide some entertainment – is to fish while underway. There are some great books and resources made by far better fishermen than me on this matter.

Typically trolling while underway is the method cruisers go for. Once sailors finish the Pacific crossing, having a spear gun or some fishing poles opens up a world of island adventures!

Let’s face it, there’s nothing quite like fresh ceviche!

The Tools You Need to Sail Across the Pacific

There is no way for me to write a succinct list of all the tools you need to sail across the Pacific Ocean. For every system on the boat, you need tools to maintain and repair it. But I wouldn’t want to leave port without:

• Good tool bag and spare parts
• Deck knife (my ever faithful favourite tool)
• Sewing machine
• Multi-tool (my secret second love)
• Solar panels

Staying Safe at Sea

Something sailors – veterans and newbies alike – tend to do is underestimate the consequences of danger. I guess you have to have a certain cognitive dissonance to cast off and not see land for over a month! Maybe it’s called getting old – or one too many close calls – but having insurance kind of puts your rational mind at ease.

You can release your wild side – but you’ve insured its dumb ass!

ALWAYS sort out your backpacker insurance before your trip. There’s plenty to choose from in that department, but a good place to start is Safety Wing .

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SafetyWing is cheap, easy, and admin-free: just sign up lickety-split so you can get back to it!

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Books and entertainment

Even when on night watch, you need something to keep you occupied. Even between fixing and tinkering things, there is a lot of time when you sail across the pacific. Most sailboats tend to be dry while underway, so there aren’t too many opportunities for drug bending entertainment.

I would recommend downloading podcasts, music, and books GALORE. I personally found movies kind of annoying to sit through, but that’s just me — I know some sailors who smash through tv series like there’s no tomorrow on passage!

What’s important is that you keep your mind occupied. Plus, when do you get a month of uninterrupted learning in your adult life? Why not start learning a new language while sailing?

There are many good books to read while travelling . I think I powered through close to forty books in the first Pacific passage I was on. A couple of books good for the mind at sea are:

• This Old Boat by Don Casey . This is the handiest and easiest how-to fix your broken boat book that I’ve found. There are beginner projects that are best tackled in port, and advanced fixes that’ll save your butt once your in the middle of nowhere. Plus, it’s super interesting!
• Storm Tactics by Larrey Pardey . Pretty self explanatory! And an all round interesting read. In a storm at sea, luck is highly biased toward the sailor who has a plan. A series of user-friendly checklists will help sailors from the moment they start looking for their perfect offshore boat, through outfitting, and as they encounter their first storms at sea.
• Swell by Liz Clark . Captain Liz Clark spent her youth dreaming of traveling the world by sailboat and surfing remote waves. When she was 22, she met a mentor who helped turn her desire into reality. Embarking on an adventure that most only fantasize about, she set sail from Santa Barbara, California, as captain of her 40-foot sailboat.
• Rum Diaries by Hunter S. Thompson . Begun in 1959 by a 22-year-old Hunter S. Thompson, The Rum Diary is a brilliantly tangled love story of jealousy, treachery, and violent alcoholic lust in the Caribbean boomtown that was San Juan, Puerto Rico, in the late 1950s. It’s nice to escape the boat and fall into the drugged up party land of Hunter S. Thompson.
• At the Existentialist Cafe by Sarah Bakewell . Paris, near the turn of 1932-3. Three young friends meet over apricot cocktails at the Bec-de-Gaz bar on the Rue du Montparnasse. They are Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir and their friend Raymond Aron, who opens their eyes to a radical new way of thinking. No book is better suited to boat life than one about existentialism.

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Can you cross the Pacific Ocean solo?

Absolutely! Sailors have done it before and they’ll damn well do it again! The biggest challenge is making sure you get enough sleep while maintaining good watchkeeping. It can be hard to sleep at the best of times on a boat, but it can be done. Might just be me, but the sea monsters are kinda scarier when you sail alone too.

How dangerous is it to cross the Pacific Ocean?

Far less dangerous than driving a car or riding a motorbike. The dangers that you will face can be mitigated with good preparation. Storms are the easiest to prepare for. Keeping up your health – and sanity – when you’re halfway between nowhere and nowhere is a far bigger hurdle in my opinion. If you can heave-to during a storm, know how to fix the worst of what can break, and eat plenty of citrus – you should be on the right track!

How long does it take to cross the Pacific Ocean by Sailboat?

Depending on the sailboat, the route that is taken, the wind, and the current it can take anywhere between 22 and 40 days. When I crossed from Panama to the Marquesas (sans Galapagos Islands) it took us 26 days.

Why do people cross the Pacific Ocean by Sailboat?

I was going to answer this glibly – we sail across oceans because land life got boring haha. But I think for every sailor who leaves port there is a different reason as to why they are doing it. There is an element of challenge, there are exotic beaches, and long stretches of contemplation. There’s also an element of faith in whatever you want to call it – King Neptune, Church of the Open Sky, regular ol’ God. Sure, you can be prepared and sure, the beaches will be nice. But every sailing trip requires an element of faith .

If the Pacific calls and promises fresh fish, palm trees, and island time – you’ve got to answer! And there is no better way to travel the Pacific than by sailboat. So do your stem to stern inspection, steel your nerves, and cast off to sail across the Pacific Ocean.

The crushed peach sunsets and clear, stargazing nights will reward you tenfold. There are dreamy island paradises scattered across the great blue spectacular and hefty continents on the other side.

Crossing an ocean by sailboat is no small feat. But every mammoth task is made up of smaller puzzle pieces that come together. It is something quite spectacular to crack a beer on the other side of the Pacific knowing that those nautical miles were earned.

Sailing is the ultimate slow travel. An odyssey of mythical proportions lies ahead of the intrepid sailor who takes on such a crossing.

Avast and fair winds, fellow sailors. I’ll see you somewhere in the South Pacific! 😉

And for transparency’s sake, please know that some of the links in our content are affiliate links . That means that if you book your accommodation, buy your gear, or sort your insurance through our link, we earn a small commission (at no extra cost to you). That said, we only link to the gear we trust and never recommend services we don’t believe are up to scratch. Again, thank you!

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Choosing the Right Size Sailboat to Safely Cross the Pacific

Alex Morgan

Crossing the Pacific by sailboat is a dream for many sailing enthusiasts, offering an incredible adventure and the opportunity to explore some of the world’s most stunning destinations. Determining the right size sailboat for such a voyage is a crucial consideration. Various factors come into play when choosing the right sailboat size, including safety, seaworthiness, crew size and experience. In this guide, we will explore the factors to consider beyond size, the minimum size requirements for crossing the Pacific, sailboat design considerations, and recommended sailboat types for this expedition.

When considering the right size sailboat, safety and stability are of utmost importance. The sailboat should be sturdy enough to withstand the challenges of the open ocean and handle adverse weather conditions. Seaworthiness is another critical factor, as the sailboat should be able to navigate through rough seas and heavy swells with ease. The size of the crew and their level of experience should be taken into account, as it affects the handling and maintenance of the sailboat during the voyage.

Meeting the minimum size requirements is essential for a successful Pacific crossing. The recommended length, minimum displacement, and sufficient sail area are key considerations for ensuring the sailboat’s performance and capability to handle long passages. These requirements are influenced by the size and weight of the sailboat, contributing to its stability, speed, and maneuverability.

Beyond size, other factors should be considered when selecting a sailboat for this journey. The sailboat should be equipped with the necessary equipment and systems to ensure safety and functionality throughout the voyage. Autonomy and self-sufficiency are crucial for long passages, as the sailboat should be able to sustain the crew with sufficient resources and energy. Comfort and amenities are also important for ensuring a comfortable and enjoyable experience during the crossing.

Sailboat design considerations play a significant role in the performance and suitability for a Pacific crossing. The hull design should provide stability and seaworthiness, while the rigging and sail plan should be optimized for various weather conditions. The keel and ballast also contribute to stability and the ability to maintain a steady course.

While there is no one-size-fits-all sailboat for crossing the Pacific, there are recommended sailboat types that have proven to be reliable and suitable for long passages. Bluewater cruisers, catamarans, and offshore racer-cruisers are popular choices among sailors embarking on this journey, each offering their own advantages and considerations.

To ensure a successful Pacific crossing, proper planning and preparation are essential. Beyond selecting the right sailboat size, considering factors such as weather patterns, navigation, communication, and safety equipment is crucial. By taking these guidelines into account and making informed decisions, you can embark on the adventure of a lifetime across the Pacific Ocean.

Key takeaway:

• Choosing the right size sailboat for crossing the Pacific is crucial for safety and stability.
• Considerations such as seaworthiness, crew size, and experience should be taken into account when selecting a sailboat.
• Minimum size requirements for crossing the Pacific include recommended length, minimum displacement, and sail area.
• Equipment and systems, autonomy and self-sufficiency, and comfort and amenities are important factors to consider.
• Sailboat design considerations such as hull design, rigging and sail plan, and keel and ballast are key for a successful Pacific crossing.
• Recommended sailboat types for crossing the Pacific include bluewater cruisers, catamarans, and offshore racer-cruisers.
• Additional tips for planning a Pacific crossing should be taken into consideration for a successful journey.

Considerations for Choosing the Right Size Sailboat

When it comes to crossing the Pacific by sailboat, choosing the right size vessel is crucial. In this section, we’ll explore key considerations that will help you make an informed decision. We’ll delve into factors like safety and stability , seaworthiness , and crew size and experience . By understanding the importance of these aspects, you’ll be well-equipped to select the perfect sailboat for your Pacific adventure. So, let’s dive in and set sail towards an unforgettable journey across the vast ocean!

1. Safety and Stability

When crossing the Pacific in a sailboat, safety and stability are of utmost importance. To ensure a safe journey, it is essential to consider the following factors:

– Hull strength: The sailboat’s hull should be robust and able to withstand rough ocean conditions and potential impacts, ensuring the safety and stability of the vessel.

– Ballast: Sufficient ballast is key to improving stability, particularly in heavy seas and high winds, promoting a secure and well-balanced sailboat.

– Keel design: Opting for a deep or fin keel offers additional stability, while a shoal draft or lifting keel allows for access to shallower waters. These design choices contribute to the overall safety and stability of the sailboat.

– Heel angle: A lower heel angle inherently provides a smoother and safer sailing experience, prioritizing the safety and stability of the journey.

– Stability ratios: By considering stability ratios such as the capsize screening ratio and angle of vanishing stability, you can assess the sailboat’s ability to handle extreme weather conditions, ensuring the utmost safety and stability for your voyage.

– Seaworthiness: It is crucial to select a sailboat with a proven track record of successful ocean voyages and features that enhance seaworthiness, such as a fully enclosed cockpit or reinforced rigging. These features further contribute to the safety and stability of your Pacific crossing.

– Steering control: A reliable and responsive steering system is of utmost importance in maintaining control, especially in challenging conditions, enhancing the overall safety and stability of your sailboat.

– Emergency equipment: Ensure that the sailboat is equipped with essential safety gear, including life jackets, offshore life rafts, and emergency communication devices. These items are crucial for safety and stability during unexpected situations.

– Crew training and experience: The competency and experience of the crew significantly impact the safety and stability of the Pacific crossing. Having a well-trained crew enhances the overall safety and stability of the sailboat.

– Maintenance: Regular maintenance and inspection of all sailboat components and systems are essential. This preventive measure helps prevent failures that could compromise safety and stability , ensuring a secure journey.

By considering these factors, you can choose a sailboat that prioritizes safety and stability , providing peace of mind throughout your Pacific crossing.

2. Seaworthiness

When considering the seaworthiness of a sailboat for crossing the Pacific, keep these factors in mind:

• Hull strength and design : The hull should be sturdy and able to withstand rough ocean conditions. Look for reinforced hulls and a stable design.
• Stability in different weather conditions: The sailboat should have a stable design to handle various weather conditions, including rough seas and strong winds. Look for features such as a deep keel and a balanced sail plan.
• Reserve buoyancy and self-draining cockpit : The sailboat should have reserve buoyancy to stay afloat during heavy waves or a capsize. A self-draining cockpit is important to prevent water accumulation and maintain boat stability.
• Quality of rigging and sail handling : The rigging should be strong and able to handle wind forces. Look for high-quality materials and proper maintenance. Easy and efficient sail handling systems are important for maneuverability.
• Emergency and safety equipment : The sailboat should be equipped with necessary safety equipment, including life jackets, offshore life rafts, and communication devices. Prioritize safety and be prepared for emergencies.

Considering these factors will help ensure that the chosen sailboat has the necessary seaworthiness for a successful Pacific crossing.

3. Crew Size and Experience

• When deciding crew size for a Pacific crossing, it is important to assess each crew member’s experience and capabilities.
• For long journeys, having a larger crew can bring a wider range of skills and knowledge, which is beneficial.
• It is important to consider that a larger crew can also create conflicts and challenges in managing space and resources on the sailboat.
• As a general guideline, it is recommended to have a crew of at least three people for a Pacific crossing.
• This allows for a watch rotation system, where crew members can take turns in shifts for sailing , navigation , and maintenance tasks.
• It is crucial that each crew member has sailing experience and is able to handle navigation , maneuvering , and emergency protocols.
• In addition, crew members should also be physically fit , as long journeys can be demanding.
• To ensure a safe and successful Pacific crossing, the crew size should be determined based on the experience, skills, and capabilities of everyone on board.

Minimum Size Requirements for Crossing the Pacific

When it comes to crossing the vast Pacific Ocean, the size of your sailboat matters. Let’s dive into the minimum size requirements for this epic journey.

From recommended length and minimum displacement to sail area, we’ll uncover key factors that ensure a seaworthy vessel. But it’s not just about the boat; we’ll also explore the essential equipment and systems, autonomy and self-sufficiency, as well as the comfort and amenities needed to conquer this adventure. Get ready to set sail on the Pacific!

Recommended Length

A sailboat to cross the Pacific is typically around 40-50 feet . This size provides space and stability for long-distance ocean voyages. A larger sailboat allows for comfortable accommodations and storage for supplies, reducing the need for frequent resupply stops.

A sailboat of this length offers maneuverability and seaworthiness. It can handle different weather conditions and provide stability in rough seas, reducing the risk of capsizing or being affected by strong winds.

When choosing the recommended length, factors such as the number of people on board, the amount of equipment and supplies needed, and the desired level of comfort should be considered. A larger sailboat can accommodate a larger crew and provide more amenities, making the journey more enjoyable.

Smaller sailboats have also successfully crossed the Pacific, but they may require additional planning and consideration to ensure safety and comfort during the voyage.

Minimum Displacement

The minimum displacement of a sailboat is crucial for Pacific crossings. It specifically refers to the weight of the boat and how much water it displaces. Opting for a sailboat with a minimum displacement of 10,000 kilograms or 22,046 pounds is highly recommended when planning a Pacific crossing. This ensures that the boat can effectively handle the challenging conditions that arise during long ocean passages. A higher displacement provides more stability in rough sea conditions, which is essential for a safe journey.

In addition to displacement, other factors such as hull design, rigging, and sail plan also contribute to a sailboat’s seaworthiness. It is important to carefully consider these factors when selecting a sailboat for a Pacific crossing. By taking into account all these aspects and choosing a sailboat with an appropriate minimum displacement, sailors can ensure a safer and more comfortable journey across the Pacific Ocean. Ultimately, safety should always be the top priority when embarking on a long-distance sailing adventure.

Sail area is a crucial factor when choosing a sailboat for crossing the Pacific. It is the total area of the sails on the boat that directly impacts the boat’s performance and ability to harness wind power. The size of the sail area determines the boat’s power and speed. It is essential to strike a balance between sail area and boat size to ensure safety and stability.

For smaller sailboats (10-15 feet), it is recommended to have a sail area of 50-100 square feet , which is approximately 6-7% of the boat’s displacement. As the boat size increases, the sail area can also increase proportionally. For instance, a 36-40 feet sailboat should have a sail area of 700-1000 square feet , which would be around 1-2% of its displacement.

It is important to note that these recommendations are general guidelines and may vary depending on specific boat designs and conditions. Seeking advice from experienced sailors or boat designers can provide more accurate recommendations tailored to individual factors.

When considering sail area, it is important to prioritize safety, stability, and the overall seaworthiness of the sailboat. Striving for the right balance between sail area and boat size will ensure a comfortable and efficient voyage across the Pacific.

1. Equipment and Systems

When deciding on equipment and systems for a sailboat, it is important to prioritize safety , functionality , and efficiency .

For safety features, it is necessary to make sure that the sailboat is equipped with essential equipment such as life jackets , flares , a first aid kit , and a fire extinguisher .

Investing in reliable communication systems such as a VHF radio , GPS , and an EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon) is crucial for emergencies and staying connected.

In terms of navigation equipment, equipping the sailboat with tools like a chart plotter , compass , and depth sounder or sonar is essential for accurate navigation and avoiding hazards.

The boat should have a well-functioning electrical system, including batteries , charging systems like solar panels or wind generators , and proper wiring to power essential equipment.

To ensure access to clean water for drinking, cooking, and hygiene, it is important to install a reliable freshwater system with a water tank , pump , and plumbing .

A functional galley and cooking equipment such as a stove , oven , refrigerator , and storage space for food and utensils are necessary for cooking and food storage on the sailboat.

Considering renewable energy sources like solar panels or wind generators for power during long journeys and ensuring sufficient storage capacity is crucial for power generation and storage.

Including emergency equipment like a life raft , anchor , and emergency tiller is important to prepare for unforeseen circumstances or equipment failures.

2. Autonomy and Self-sufficiency

To ensure autonomy and self-sufficiency on a Pacific sailboat crossing, it is important to consider the following factors. Energy generation can be achieved by installing solar panels or wind turbines for electricity. Ensuring a sufficient water supply can be done by having a water desalination system or proper water storage. It is crucial to stock up on non-perishable food items and have proper storage for food. Reliable navigation instruments and backup systems should be in place to ensure smooth navigation. Having communication equipment such as satellite phones or radios is essential for emergency communication.

In addition to these factors, it is advisable to have contingency systems and backup supplies for emergencies. Regular maintenance and inspection of all onboard systems are necessary to ensure proper functioning and reliability. By being self-sufficient and prepared, safety and success during the Pacific crossing can be greatly enhanced.

Throughout history, adventurous sailors have crossed the Pacific with limited resources, relying on their skills to navigate and survive. Autonomy and self-sufficiency have always been essential, as they allow for the exploration of new lands and cultures. Nowadays, with advanced technology and improved sailing equipment, achieving even greater levels of autonomy and self-sufficiency is possible, ensuring a smoother and more enjoyable adventure across the vast Pacific Ocean.

3. Comfort and Amenities

Comfort and amenities are paramount when embarking on a pleasant journey across the Pacific by sailboat. Below are some key factors to take into account:

1. Sleeping accommodations: It is essential to search for sailboats that offer spacious and comfortable sleeping areas. Consider the layout of the cabins and the number of berths available.

2. Galley facilities: To live comfortably during the journey, make sure the sailboat has a well-equipped galley. This should include a stove, oven, refrigerator, and ample storage space for food and cooking supplies.

3. Bathroom facilities: Sailboats that have enough bathrooms with showers and toilets provide convenience and ensure the comfort of the crew.

4. Seating areas: Look for sailboats that provide both indoor and outdoor seating areas that are comfortable and conducive to relaxation and socializing.

5. Entertainment options: Consider sailboats that offer various entertainment options such as a TV, DVD player, music system, or even internet connectivity.

6. Climate control: It is crucial to have effective heating and cooling systems on board to ensure comfort in different weather conditions.

7. Storage space: Adequate storage space for personal belongings, equipment, and supplies is vital to maintain a clutter-free living environment.

8. Lighting and ventilation: Look for sailboats that have plenty of natural lighting and well-designed ventilation systems, which create a pleasant and airy living space.

Taking these comfort and amenities factors into consideration will help you select a sailboat that will provide an enjoyable and comfortable experience throughout your Pacific crossing.

Sailboat Design Considerations for Pacific Crossing

When it comes to crossing the vast Pacific Ocean, sailboat design plays a vital role in ensuring a safe and successful journey. In this section, we’ll dive into the key considerations for sailboat design when undertaking a Pacific crossing. From the hull design to the rigging and sail plan, and even the keel and ballast , each aspect holds its significance in navigating the challenging waters. So buckle up and let’s explore the essential factors that shape the design of sailboats for this epic voyage!

1. Hull Design

When considering the hull design for a sailboat, there are a variety of options to choose from. One option is a monohull , which features a single hull and a keel to provide stability. Another option is the multihull design, which includes two or more hulls, like catamarans or trimarans , to increase stability and speed.

If navigating rough seas is a concern, the full keel design is a great choice, as it offers excellent stability and tracking. For those looking for better maneuverability and speed, the fin keel design, with its shorter and more aerodynamic keel, is recommended. The bilge keel design is worth considering, as it provides good stability and the ability for the sailboat to sit upright on the ground.

Each hull design has its own advantages and considerations, and the choice ultimately depends on the specific needs and preferences of the sailor. Whether it’s the speed and stability of a multihull or the timeless appeal of a monohull, the hull design greatly influences the performance and safety of the sailboat during a Pacific crossing.

2. Rigging and Sail Plan

When considering the rigging and sail plan for a sailboat crossing the Pacific, several factors are important.

1. Sail setup: The rigging and sail plan need to handle different wind conditions during the crossing. This includes having different sail sizes and types, like the mainsail , jib , and spinnaker , for optimal performance in various wind directions and strengths.

2. Durability and reliability: The rigging should be strong and well-maintained for long-distance ocean sailing. This includes a sturdy mast and boom , reinforced fittings, and high-quality sail materials that can handle constant exposure to sun, wind, and saltwater.

3. Maneuverability and ease of handling: The sail plan should allow for easy reefing and adjusting of sails to adapt to changing weather conditions. This includes a well-designed and efficient reefing system, reliable winches and lines, and proper sail controls like traveler and adjustable backstay .

4. Safety features: A reliable and well-maintained rig is important for crew safety. This includes regularly inspecting the standing rigging, such as shrouds and stays , for wear or damage. It is also beneficial to have backup sails and spare rigging components on board.

5. Performance considerations: The rigging and sail plan should be optimized for speed and efficiency. This includes a balanced sail area, proper mast rake, and adjustable rig tension to maximize the boat’s performance and minimize strain on the sails and rigging.

By considering these factors, sailors can ensure they have a well-equipped and properly designed rigging and sail plan that enhances the safety, maneuverability, and performance of their sailboat during a Pacific crossing.

3. Keel and Ballast

The keel and ballast play a crucial role in ensuring stability and performance during a Pacific crossing for a sailboat. Attached to the bottom of the boat, the keel acts as a weighted structure that prevents capsizing and provides stability. Additional weight, known as ballast, is added to the keel to enhance stability and increase the boat’s righting moment .

Offshore sailors generally prefer a deeper keel with more ballast as it offers better stability in rough seas. To optimize performance, it is important to carefully distribute the ballast along the length of the keel, ensuring proper weight distribution and minimizing drag. When considering the size, shape, material, and placement of the keel and ballast, it is advisable to consult experts or experienced sailors. They can provide guidance in determining the appropriate keel and ballast configuration for a successful Pacific crossing.

Recommended Sailboat Types for Crossing the Pacific

When it comes to embarking on a Pacific crossing, the right sailboat can make all the difference. In this section, we’ll dive into the realm of recommended sailboat types for this epic journey. From sturdy bluewater cruisers to sleek catamarans and versatile offshore racer-cruisers , we’ll explore each sub-section’s unique characteristics and benefits. So, grab your compass, hoist the mainsail, and let’s set sail on a thrilling exploration of the sailboat types that are tailor-made for crossing the vast Pacific Ocean.

1. Bluewater Cruisers

When considering sailboats for a Pacific crossing, bluewater cruisers are an excellent choice . Bluewater cruisers have sturdy construction to endure harsh ocean conditions and heavy winds. These sailboats have excellent stability and can handle rough seas and challenging weather conditions. Bluewater cruisers have comfortable and spacious interiors , with multiple cabins and ample storage space for long passages. These sailboats have large fuel and water tank capacities , allowing for longer passages without frequent refueling or resupply. Bluewater cruisers have robust systems for water-making, power generation, and storage, reducing dependence on external resources during long journeys. These sailboats have secure and well-designed cockpits , providing a safe and stable area for crew members during rough weather or heavy seas. Bluewater cruisers have a history of successful ocean crossings , making them a trusted choice for sailors on a Pacific crossing. These sailboats offer comfortable amenities, such as larger berths, well-equipped galley spaces, and spacious saloons, ensuring a more enjoyable experience during extended passages.

2. Catamarans

Catamarans offer several advantages and disadvantages to consider when crossing the Pacific:

Advantages:

1. Catamarans provide more interior space and living areas compared to monohulls.

2. They are known for their stability, which is beneficial for long-distance ocean crossings.

3. Catamarans have shallow drafts, allowing them to access shallow anchorages and coves.

4. They have two hulls, providing redundancy in case of hull damage.

5. Catamarans offer a smoother and more comfortable ride due to reduced rolling motion.

Disadvantages:

1. Catamarans are generally more expensive than monohulls.

2. Catamarans have a wider turning radius compared to monohulls.

3. Catamarans may have limited berthing options in some marinas.

4. Catamarans may have limited heeling ability, which affects performance under sail.

5. Catamarans require wider docking and mooring spaces compared to monohulls.

Despite these disadvantages, catamarans remain a popular choice for long-distance ocean crossings due to their comfort, spaciousness, and stability.

3. Offshore Racer-Cruisers

Offshore racer-cruisers are sailboats that excel in both speed and agility , making them perfect for navigating through rough seas and various conditions. These sailboats are built using lightweight materials such as carbon fiber , which greatly enhance their performance and velocity. They are equipped with high-performance sails, advanced rigging systems, and responsive steering, all of which contribute to optimizing sail trim and ensuring excellent control.

When contemplating an offshore racer-cruiser for your Pacific crossing , it is crucial to prioritize speed and performance . It is essential to possess the necessary experience and skills to handle the boat’s highly responsive and agile nature. It is vital to account for the trade-off between speed and comfort , as offshore racer-cruisers may have fewer amenities compared to other sailboat types. Safeguarding one’s safety should always take precedence, so consulting with knowledgeable sailors or experts is advisable when making your decision.

Additional Tips for Planning a Pacific Crossing

Tips for Planning a Pacific Crossing

• Prepare a detailed itinerary and plan for your Pacific crossing. Consider weather patterns, currents, and possible ports of call. This ensures a safe and smooth journey.
• Stock up on essential supplies and provisions before setting sail. Calculate the amount of food, water, and fuel needed for the crossing, taking into account any potential delays.
• Ensure your sailboat has necessary safety equipment: life jackets , flares, emergency rafts, and communication devices. Regularly check all systems and equipment to minimize mechanical failure.
• Familiarize yourself with international maritime regulations and requirements. Have all necessary documentation, including passports , visas , and vessel registration papers.
• Communicate and register your planned route with relevant authorities, such as coast guards or maritime agencies. This helps them track your progress and provide assistance if needed.
• Stay updated with weather forecasts and monitor conditions. Be prepared to alter course or make unplanned stops if necessary to avoid severe weather or dangerous situations.
• Maintain regular communication with friends, family, or fellow sailors to inform them of your progress and location.
• Take breaks and rest when needed to contribute to well-being and alertness at sea.
• Follow environmentally friendly practices, such as minimizing waste and pollution. Avoid disposing of garbage or waste into the ocean.

Some Facts About How Big Of A Sailboat To Cross Pacific:

• ✅ To cross the Pacific Ocean, it is recommended to have a sailboat that is at least 35 to 45 feet long. (Source: Seattle Yachts)
• ✅ Small boats, such as the Piver 25 trimaran, the Nugget, and the Contessa 26 and 32, can also successfully sail offshore if they are well-designed and well-built. (Source: Seattle Yachts)
• ✅ Boat size is less important than the quality of design, construction, and outfitting when it comes to sailing offshore. (Source: Seattle Yachts)
• ✅ It is recommended to buy a newer boat, even if it is smaller, as it will have fewer issues and be more reliable for ocean crossings. (Source: Seattle Yachts)
• ✅ Larger boats, while providing advantages in terms of speed and comfort, are more suitable for younger and more experienced sailors, whereas smaller boats are easier to handle for older sailors. (Source: Seattle Yachts)

Frequently Asked Questions

How big of a sailboat do i need to cross the pacific.

According to experts, it is recommended to have a sailboat that is at least 30 or 40 feet long to safely cross the Pacific Ocean. Smaller boats are more prone to sinking and may be unsafe in bad weather conditions.

What are the advantages of a larger sailboat for Pacific crossings?

A larger sailboat is necessary for seaworthiness, storage of supplies, and overall comfort during the journey. It provides more space for necessary equipment and ensures a safer and more enjoyable experience.

How long does it take to cross the Pacific by sailboat?

The duration of the journey can vary depending on the route and conditions, but typically it takes anywhere from five to ten weeks to cross the Pacific Ocean. It is important to consider the potential length of the trip when planning and preparing for the voyage.

What is the best time to cross the Pacific in a sailboat?

The best time to cross the Pacific is during cyclone season, which varies depending on the departure location. It is important to research and consider cyclone patterns and plan the journey accordingly to ensure safety.

Do small sailboats have limitations for ocean crossings?

While it is possible for small, well-designed, and well-built sailboats to go sailing offshore, larger sailboats are generally recommended for ocean crossings. Smaller boats may be more challenging to handle in rough conditions and may require additional motors for when the wind is not cooperating.

What are some popular choices for sailboats for Pacific crossings?

For ocean crossings and long-distance cruising, boats between 35 and 45 feet are common and work well for couples. Popular choices include production boats from brands like Lagoon, Fountaine Pajot, Beneteau, and Jeanneau. Custom-built boats from brands like Oyster, Hallberg-Rassy, Najad, and Amel are better equipped for long-distance sailing.

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The Plastiki arrives in Sydney.

Plastic Bottle Catamaran Completes Epic Pacific Crossing

The Plastiki—David de Rothschild’s recycled-bottle sailboat—safely reached Sydney harbor this week, marking the end of a unique 8,000-mile journey across the Pacific Ocean.

The Plastiki —David de Rothschild’s recycled-bottle sailboat—safely reached Sydney harbor yesterday, marking the end of a unique 128-day, 8,000-mile (12,900-kilometer) journey across the Pacific Ocean.

( See more photos of the boat's voyage. )

The catamaran was built with recycled and repurposed plastics, primarily 12,500 empty PET water bottles. Its unprecedented design had to be seaworthy, but the primary purpose was to show how smarter use of plastics can turn today’s trash into a viable, and valuable resource.

"Plastic is not the enemy,” said expedition leader and Adventure Ecology founder de Rothschild in the days just before Plastiki ’s March 20 launch. “But it's our understanding of disposal and reuse that's to blame."

After departing San Francisco, Plastiki ’s crew spent just over four months at sea on an arduous but exhilarating trek that covered more than 8,000 nautical miles, including stops at ocean pollution hotspots, before ending in Sydney Harbor on July 26.

Virtual adventurers from around the world joined the expedition via Twitter , YouTube , Facebook , Flickr , and blog s—all of which chronicled the four-month voyage.

From the dock in Sydney, British sailor Jo Royle, the Plastiki ’s happy skipper, said she hoped the trip proved that the rethinking of plastic use can open up a new world of possibilities. She also said she hoped it highlighted the importance of the oceans to all.

“A lot of us don’t feel a connection to the sea and we live without realizing that every breath we take, every drop of water we drink is connected to the ocean whether we’re living in San Francisco or Idaho,” Royle said.

“I learned that ocean adventuring is as important now as it was when we were finding new lands, because we can experience our connection with the natural world of the oceans and then communicate that connection to others.”

Plastic, Plastic Everywhere

One of Plastiki ’s primary destinations was the Eastern Pacific Garbage Patch , a swirling vortex of discarded and degrading plastics twice the size of Texas that floats in remote waters between California and Hawaii.

The patch epitomizes the plastic waste problem Plastiki was built to spotlight. Perhaps 10 percent of the 260 million tons of plastic produced each year end up in Earth’s oceans. All that single-use plastic has unknown effects that begin with the tiny organisms at the base of the ocean food chain. Better understood problems include the deaths of thousands of seabirds, marine mammals, and sea turtles that consume the floating trash.

De Rothschild is a National Geographic Emerging Explorer. (National Geographic News is owned by the National Geographic Society) who christened his craft Plastiki in a nod to earlier seafaring legend. In 1947 Thor Heyerdahl sailed a reproduction Polynesian raft—the Kon-Tiki —from South America to Polynesia while testing his theories of ancient human migrations. Heyerdahl’s grandson, Olav, was part of the Plastiki crew.

The Plastiki made port in Kiribati, Western Samoa, and New Caledonia before reaching Australia. Her crew reported an ocean with far more evidence of human waste than Heyerdahl saw decades ago. According to the Plastiki crew, floating plastics were ubiquitous in even the most remote seas. They also reported far fewer signs of life.

“We’re not scientists but we were amazed that in the four months we spent in the middle of the ocean we saw four dolphins and three pilot whales,” Royal said. “I was so excited after reading Kon-Tiki about sharks following us and catching loads of fish, but that didn’t happen.”

Royle was quick to point out that Plastiki followed a very different route, and that without scientific studies on those waters no one could say whether they’ve really become more barren. “But we did sit in the middle of the Pacific for four months and we saw very little life,” she added

Plastiki ’s unusual construction had raised more than a few doubts about its ability to withstand the rigors of such a Pacific crossing.

Her skipper said the ship’s unprecedented design was on her mind as Plastiki battled waves, wind, and weather in remote waters—though she came through with flying colors.

“It’s unusual because the material is so flexible,” Royle said. “I wondered how we would know if she had fatigued. In that respect it was in the back of my mind that we were dong something very unusual, but we had a lot of faith in the build. The material was very durable and she felt good and strong.”

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The Parlay Journey Across the Pacific Begins

Embarking on the ultimate journey: the epic adventure of the parlay crew across the pacific ocean, sailing in a hurricane-damaged boat.

They say that we don’t meet people by accident. I am not sure why I was fortunate enough to cross paths with Colin MacRae and the Parlay crew but they have certainly impacted my life in the best possible way.

I originally met Colin MacRae and Jamie Vandenbulk at the Newport International Boat Show, where they were promoting their YouTube channel Sailing Parlay Revival . I immediately recognized Colin being the fangirl of Bravo’s Below Deck that I am. I knew nothing about Parlay or that their YouTube channel even existed. I thought they were there promoting Below Deck. This is one of those moments where the hand-to-forehead emoji would be appropriate. To be fair, Colin was there with Daisy Kelliher (Chief Stew on Seasons 2-4). I guess I should have figured it out sooner considering they were donned head-to-toe in Parlay Revival gear, but I was too starstruck to notice at first.

If you don’t know the incredible story of Parlay, here are Cliff’s Notes: SV Parlay is a hurricane-damaged Lagoon 450 Catamaran that Colin bought in Tortola, BVI after Hurricane Irma. The insurance companies deemed the vessel a constructive total loss. Determined to fix her up, he and his friends hauled her out of the water and completely rebuilt the boat. They continue to fix her as they go, chronicling their journey on their YouTube channel, Sailing Parlay Revival , which releases a new episode each week.

Like me, most people initially recognize Colin from seasons 2-4 of Bravo’s Below Deck Sailing Yacht. He was chosen to be on the show because of his passion for sailing and his extensive work as a Chief Engineer on super yachts (and let’s be honest he is not terrible to look at either). Although he loves being on Below Deck and is grateful for the platform it has provided, his passion is not reality TV or being a Bravolebrity.

It is the incredible work that he and his friends have done on Parlay and his dream of circumnavigating the globe, which is about to become a reality. They are getting ready to embark on the first big leg of their trip, (and arguably the most important) crossing the Pacific Ocean. The biggest journey of their lives will begin shortly, as they have been working tirelessly to finish last-minute preparations for the crossing. The jobs never seem to end.

I have always felt that they talk about this passage nonchalantly, like “Oh no big deal, when we cross the Pacific…” Are you kidding me? It’s a HUGE deal. The mere size of the Pacific Ocean presents its own challenges. Let’s not forget that it covers a third of the entire world. Not to mention its intense currents, dangerous coral reefs, violent storms and other severe weather conditions, just to name a few. The trip itself is over 2,000 nm and will take about a month as they will depart from Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, and head to the Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia. If they aren’t nervous, I will be nervous FOR them…x10. I hope that Poseidon treats them kindly.

So who is taking part in this epic adventure? Meet the crew:

Colin MacRae - Hailing from New Zealand, Colin has been a Chief Engineer on super yachts for 15+ years and is the owner and captain of Parlay.

Jamie Vandenbulk - The First Mate, Jamie is a staple on Parlay and Colin’s right hand. “You’d struggle to find a more hard-working dude than this guy,” Colin says of Jamie. All of his hard work and support were recognized when Colin renamed the boat a Jamie465 (rather than a Lagoon450) because he helped to extend the boat during its reconstruction.

Brittany Amodeo - Brittany is a self-described creative thinker and a professional wanderer. She originally came aboard to film and edit videos for their YouTube channel. She has since taken their videos to the next level by infusing her creative talent into their brand. Fans of the channel love Brittany and have come to expect her presence in videos and at events

Colleen Meehan - No stranger to sailing on Parlay, Colleen has been part of the PR crew 3 times. When she is not on Parlay she works as a bosun on superyachts and is excited to be going on this adventure with her friends.

David Shih - A fellow YouTuber, David became friends with the Parlay crew after following their channel and was inspired to buy his own hurricane-damaged Lagoon450 but needed Colin’s help to fix it up. You can read that amazing story in a recent article he wrote for Latitudes & Attitudes Magazine . For another great channel to follow, subscribe to David’s channel David Shih Sails .

Fillipo Gasparini - Also no stranger to Parlay, Fillipo was their former videographer. He works in the film industry and is happy to join the crew again to help Parlay cross the Pacific.

Katie Hawkins - A childhood friend of Colleen's, Katie is new to the sailing world having never sailed before, and decided to join as crew and embark on a journey of a lifetime.

Steven MaCloud - A huge fan and supporter of Parlay, Steven won a contest for Parlay patrons to cross the Pacific as part of the crew. No stranger to boating, he recently helped David Shih deliver his Lagoon 450 from Panama to Texas.

I am still not entirely sure why our paths crossed. Maybe it was to remind me to live life to the fullest. Maybe it was to satisfy my wanderlust or allow me to live vicariously through them. It is probably a little of all of those things. However, I have no doubt that one of the reasons was so that I could help share their incredible journey and hopefully inspire others the way they have inspired me.

I once asked Jamie how long he thought it would take to complete the trek around the globe. In his amazing Australian accent he said with a laugh, “I don’t know, Darling, it could take 5 years.” He was half kidding because the length of time really depends on so many factors including the weather, where they decide to stop, how long they stay, etc. But this first big passage across the Pacific will kick off the trip, and no matter how long it takes to complete the entire trip, it will be the journey of a lifetime.

To follow their adventure go to the Parlay Revival YouTube Channel !

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What Size Catamaran To Sail Around The World

Last Updated by

Daniel Wade

August 30, 2022

Catamarans are generally longer than monohulls, but their accommodations and handling vary widely between sizes.

The best size catamaran to sail around the world is 45 to 50 feet. The smallest catamaran with space for long-term provisions and a cabin is around 30 feet in length, and a 55 to 60-foot catamaran is the largest that can be accommodated at most marinas.

In this article, we'll go over the different sizes of catamarans and how they handle in the open ocean. Additionally, we'll cover each size category and the best sizes for traveling the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.

We sourced the information used in this article from marine design guides and the consensus of experienced catamaran sailors.

Table of contents

‍ What Sizes Are Catamarans?

Catamarans come in all shapes and sizes, but the smallest models don't have the accommodations required to sail around the world. Most catamarans under 30 feet in length don't have a cabin at all, which is a stark difference that they have with monohulls.

Small monohull sailboats often have cabins, as there's plenty of room below on a wide single-hulled sailboat. Monohulls can be as small as 16 to 18 feet and still have a cabin, but catamarans must be much larger to have suitable accommodations.

The smallest catamarans are about 12 to 15 feet long. These are small recreational craft used primarily for racing, and they aren't designed for the open ocean. Larger catamarans in the 20-foot range can (and have) been used on the ocean, but they're usually classified as day boats.

Catamarans become practical for longer excursions once they hit about 30 feet in length. A boat of this size is large enough for a cabin and can usually accommodate between two and four people comfortably. Catamarans commonly stretch beyond 50 feet, which is where they're the most useful and comfortable.

Smallest Catamaran to Sail Around the World

So, what's the smallest catamaran you could use to sail around the world? In theory, any catamaran can sail long distances—but you need one that's large enough for shelter and storing provisions. Generally speaking, 30 feet is the bottom limit for an ocean-crossing catamaran.

Let's take the ME Cat 30 (Maine Cat) as an example. This small and nimble 30-foot catamaran makes use of its limited space and provides comfortable accommodations for a few adults. The ME Cat 30 is a split design that houses the basic accommodations in either hull, with an open seating area between them.

Inside the ME Cat 30, there's barely enough room for all the living spaces. It features a head and a large bed in one hull and a galley and a smaller berth in the other. With that, all the useful cabin space is filled—and this is considered a very good design for the size. As you can see, the best catamarans for sailing across the world are usually much larger.

Typical Ocean Crossing Catamaran Size

Based on what we discussed above, a 30-foot cruising catamaran is really pushing the limits on size. However, it doesn't take a whole lot more length to make a catamaran exponentially more comfortable and suitable for long journeys.

The typical ocean-crossing catamaran is usually about 40 to 45 feet long. With the addition of 10 feet in length, designers can fit an enormous amount of additional accommodations in the hulls.

This is because adding a little extra length allows designers and boatbuilders to widen each hull significantly, which makes room for luxuries like private bedrooms, multiple bathrooms, and entirely separate dining and cooking spaces.

Cruising Catamaran Floor Plans

A 40-foot to 50-foot catamaran usually comes with a mirrored floor plan. The traditional catamaran has an identical layout in each hull. That means if one hull has a private berth in the bow and a shower and a toilet in the stern, the other hull will have the exact same layout except opposite.

This is usually because spaces like the galley and sitting area are kept in the center console, where there's much more space to move around. Spaces that are used at night or only occasionally are kept in the narrow hulls, as this has proven to be a more comfortable layout for crews.

Storage is usually kept deep in the hulls as well, as there's extra space to work with when the only other design purpose is for sleeping in bathing. Catamarans in this size range can also have separate hull layouts, but the mirrored design is by far the most common.

Best Catamaran Size for Pacific Ocean Cruising

Catamarans are very versatile craft, but some function better in the Pacific Ocean than others. One of the main considerations when choosing a catamaran for Pacific Travel is that the Pacific usually has greater distances between ports and stopping points.

This is especially true on the US West Coast, where there are only a handful of ports and safe anchorages. The best Pacific cruising catamaran size is between 45 and 50 feet in length, as you're likely to need more space to store provisions for extended cruising.

If you're starting in San Francisco or Seattle, even a 'short' trip along the coastline could mean you'll pass hundreds of miles of steep rocky cliffs and no stopping points insight. When crossing the Pacific, you may travel thousands of miles before you encounter a port or island with any infrastructure at all, let alone stocks of provisions and a full-service marina.

The Pacific is a huge ocean, and the last thing you want to do is run out of food or fuel a thousand miles from your destination. Larger boats store more supplies, and they also give you more breathing room when you're surrounded by empty blue water for months on end.

Best Catamaran Size for Atlantic Ocean Cruising

The Atlantic Ocean is smaller than the Pacific Ocean, and the coastlines of many countries that border it tend to be well-developed. This makes it easier to get away with owning a smaller boat, as you don't need to store as many supplies, and your voyages will be shorter.

Another factor to consider is that not all marinas on the Atlantic can accommodate extremely large catamarans, or it may be prohibitively expensive to dock a 55-foot or 60-foot double-wide vessel. That's why the ideal size for an Atlantic-crossing catamaran is between 40 feet and 50 feet. Today, 45 feet seems to be average.

The boat of this size will fit in at most marinas in developed countries around the Atlantic, and its draft is shallow enough for island hopping and exploring the coral reefs that the Atlantic Islands are known for. Additionally, 40 to 50-foot catamarans are usually just as seaworthy as the larger boats, and they're less expensive to maintain.

Unlike the US West Coast, where ports are few and far between, the Atlantic in the Gulf of Mexico is littered with marinas and safe anchorages. You can travel for weeks along the coastline of the United States and parts of South America and never be further than a hundred miles from a full-service marina.

There are also hundreds of islands, tourist destinations, and service locations that reduce your need for large stores of provisions aboard your catamaran. This gives you a lot more flexibility in choosing a size and a floor plan, as your needs are different than that of a Pacific sailor.

Best Catamaran Size for World Cruising

If you're planning to go on a world tour or a circumnavigation, you're going to need a catamaran that's large enough to fit your crew and your provisions comfortably.

You'll also need a boat that is small enough to be serviced and accommodated in most locations but also seaworthy enough to whether anything you're likely to encounter out of the water.

For most people, the sweet spot seems to be around 45 to 50 feet in length. A 50-foot catamaran is more than large enough to store enough provisions for many months of sailing. It's also roomy enough to house two to six people comfortably for many weeks at a time.

Catamarans between 40 and 50 feet in length are also extremely seaworthy and have been known to make circumnavigation frequently. You're almost guaranteed to find a 50-foot catamaran in almost any remote anchorage in the world where sailors are known to frequent.

Also, almost any marina can accommodate a 50-foot catamaran, and most boatyards can perform at least basic repairs on a boat of this size. Most marinas have fee schedules for boats based on size, and the cutoff for large boats is usually 60 feet. This keeps you in the 'medium' boat category, which can save you thousands.

How to Choose a Catamaran Size

Choosing the right size catamaran can be challenging, but there are a few things you can do to narrow it down. First, examine how you plan to use the vessel. You can travel the oceans in a catamaran between 30 and 40 feet long, so if you have a small crew, you may want to consider a compact model.

Larger catamarans can sleep eight or more people comfortably. This is large enough for most people, though some charter captains may need additional room. A 40 to 45-foot catamaran is usually large enough for a small family, though a 50-footer would be more comfortable, especially if there are kids running around.

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I've personally had thousands of questions about sailing and sailboats over the years. As I learn and experience sailing, and the community, I share the answers that work and make sense to me, here on Life of Sailing.

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Yachting World

• Digital Edition

Catamaran sailing across the Atlantic: Why multihulls are taking over the ARC

• Elaine Bunting
• July 2, 2020

Multihulls are making their mark on tradewinds sailing. Elaine Bunting reports from the 2019 Atlantic Rally for Cruisers

A catamaran on the ARC rally reefed for an approaching squall, as seen from Jeanneau 64 Layla. Photo: Paul Laurie/Point Photography

Something big has happened in ocean sailing. It could be the tipping point in the 34-year history of the Atlantic Rally for Cruisers , when multihulls move from minority element to ruling party.

When a cruising catamaran sailed by four people in their sixties can beat a larger one-design round-the-world racer with a crew of 15, and many even bigger, you realise something has changed – maybe for good.

Just after midnight on 7 December 2019, Régis Guillemot, his partner Véronique, and two friends fizzed across the finish line in St Lucia in Guillemot’s 55ft cruising catamaran, Hallucine . It had taken them just 11 days and 16 hours.

Celebrations as the four crew of Hallucine , a Marsaudon TS5 catamaran, crosses the finish line at Rodney Bay, St Lucia. Photo: Tim Wright / PhotoAction

“Our boat is very quick, very simple and fast, and we are optimised for light weight,” explains the quietly spoken French sailor. His other half just laughs. “For him, there is full speed ahead, or nothing!”

Hallucine had sailed from Gran Canaria at an average of 12.5 knots, while the crew did Pilates on the aft deck each day, baked bread and shot GoPro videos.

Around 10 hours later came Sisi , a VO65 from the Austrian Ocean Race Project crewed by 12 Slovenian charter sailors and three professionals.

What a different experience: faster sailing but a course of long gybes, on a diet of freeze-dried food, no showers and hot-bunking in the round-the-world racer’s dark carbon recesses.

Astern of them both was top French solo sailor Jean-Pierre Dick’s The Kid , a 54ft carbon composite canting keel yacht designed as a performance cruising interpretation of IMOCA 60 principles.

Article continues below…

Tradewinds explained: Everything you need to know before sailing across the Atlantic

A transatlantic tradewind crossing from the Canary Islands to the Caribbean is on many a sailor’s bucket list. Endless sunny…

Sailing across the Atlantic: Bluewater veterans share top tips for your first crossing

On the afternoon before we left the Canary Islands for the Caribbean for a transatlantic with the ARC, I struck…

Hallucine would also have beaten Ulisse , Patrizio Bertelli’s 105ft Frers superyacht , had it not diverted to another island on the final approach following a crew injury.

In the ARC+ rally, too, the route that goes via a pitstop in the Cape Verde Islands, the first to arrive in St Lucia was also a multihull, the Neel 47 trimaran Minimole .

Cruising multihulls numbers have been growing quickly. Of the 280-strong fleet in 2019, 60 were multis. But the most telling statistic is that they make up 50% of all the new boats.

The crew of Neel 47 trimaran Minimole celebrate arrival in St Lucia 12 days after leaving Mindelo, Cape Verde. Photo: Tim Wright / PhotoAction

The crossing times are incontrovertible evidence that performance cruising multihulls and cruising catamarans designed foremost for spacious living can, if sailed well, be faster downwind than a monohull with a longer LOA.

Of course, what makes the ideal yacht for an upwind passage (for example, the return crossing to Europe) is quite a different matter, but more and more cruisers are planning only a one-way voyage and intend to ship their boats back, or are planning to sail onwards into the Pacific along the tradewinds route. This is a trend that is only going to continue.

Fast, light, simple

In one way, the line honours winner’s story is exceptional. For many years skipper Régis Guillemot ran a charter business in Martinique.

Hallucine ’s anti-capsize system: Two cam cleats flip up to release genoa and spinnaker sheets if settings are exceeded

He is also an experienced racer, cousin of the French round the world sailor Marc Guillemot, and a three-times Route du Rhum competitor.

His Marsaudon TS5 is a lightweight cruiser with a carbon mast and deck, It displaces just 8.6 tonnes, and Guillemot keeps it light.

“It’s not too complicated,” he says. “We have a small 27lt per hour watermaker, solar panels, no generator and we don’t carry too much fuel or water. We set off with only 30lt of water per side, plus emergency water in bottles, and made water every day.

“I want to go fast. We can be sailing at 17 knots and sitting there comfortably having our coffee. And in the Caribbean the size [of the boat] is no problem: there’s more space, it’s cooler and less rolly in anchorages.”

And although the boat is light, it does carry scuba gear and a kitesurfer that they plan to use in the Caribbean and as they make their way across the South Pacific next year.

Guillemot ran single watches and sailed almost all the way with a full main and heavy A2 spinnaker. “We took it down at Pigeon Island after 11 days just to tack to the finish,” he says. They were able to gybe through 145-150° and were making 17-20 knots – “usually 17-18 knots steady”– as soon as they reached the tradewinds.

The kill cord in Hallucine ‘s saloon

In the few squalls they encountered, the wind never topped 17 knots apparent and they felt comfortable enough to keep the full main up and soak down by 10° until a squall passed. To help make sure they never pressed the boat so hard they risked capsize, Guillemot has an automatic sheet release system similar to those used on the huge Ultime trimarans.

Made by ACR, this monitors pitch and heel angle and is set to release the main and spinnaker sheet from a panel of cam cleats once certain settings are reached, and also set off an audible alarm. There is also a kill cord in the saloon. It’s a very simple system.

The yacht’s autopilot can, he says, handle speeds up to 24 knots, but for the last five days the crew hand steered all day. The boat is steered from the aft quarters with tillers, and the video above shows some of the speeds they were enjoying.

The ACR unit senses pitch and heel angle

But although Hallucine ’s crossing was super-fast, another Marsaudon catamaran provided a second benchmark. Fifth over the line was a TS42, Elektra , a 42ft smaller sister from the same French builders, which made the crossing in just under 13 days. They, too, left bigger boats astern – 10 hours behind her was a Swan 80.

Elektra ’s crew had sometimes reefed during the night and may represent a more typical example of sensible catamaran cruising because, as even Régis Guillemot admits: “They are like sportscars – when they go, they go,” he says. “There’s a limit and if you don’t know what you are doing, you can quickly go into the red zone.”

The crossing times of these big multis is a clear sign of an evolution in performance and speed. “I think you can’t necessarily judge all boats by Hallucine ’s performance, but what is interesting is how they are holding pace with larger monohulls,” says World Cruising Club (WCC) communications director Jeremy Wyatt.

View from aloft on Pierre Caouette’s and Lisa McKerracher’s Outremer 5X Biotrek

“A 55ft Bali was holding up with an X-61, which is a fast monohull, and if you pick out comparable elapsed times and distances sailed you can see that a Lagoon 42 is going the same speed as a 46ft Bavaria and significantly faster than a Discovery 55, if you’re sailing them well and getting the best out of them.

“Multihulls are more expensive to buy, more expensive to run and you have to remember that if the beam is over 8m you could be restricting yourself as to where in the world you can be lifted out.

“But for tradewinds sailing there’s a strong argument that they are the right choice and the ability to live your life without any sense of camping is the biggest win-win

“But,” he adds, “go on a performance sailing course first, would be my advice.”

South til the butter melts

Kevin Horne and his partner, Diane, are steadfast monohull sailors. The Australian skipper has a distinguished background in offshore racing with the well-known Aussie yacht Wild Thing , and was sailing in a crew with several professionals including round the world Clipper Race winner Wendy Tuck .

He bought his Jeanneau 51 Wild Spirit in 2018 and had been cruising in the Mediterranean , but is now sailing his way back home.

The crew of Wild Spirit (L-R): Kevin Horne, Diane Rogers and Russell Finch

Horne was taking part in the ARC+ rally – he liked the idea of a stop on the way across and was hugely enthusiastic about the visit to Cape Verde.

He too had an uncomplicated sailplan in action for the crossing: full main and asymmetric, and between Mindelo and St Lucia made “one gybe to the north and one down” to go as deep downwind as possible. They had daily runs of 160-180 miles, with one day over 200, hand-steered “80-85% of the time”.

“The boat was outstanding,” he says. “Our water tanks and fuel tanks were full at the start and we had two weeks of food, so a lot of weight, but the boat helmed beautifully and tracked along. We took the tender and outboard off, and the anchor and chain were stowed over the keel to centralise weight. The boat was stunning and it really was brochure sailing.”

Seas in the wake of Yolo , Gottfried Boehringer’s Oyster 625

This was a year for heading south until the butter melts, avoiding light winds along the rhumb line by following the classic route south towards Cape Verde where early tradewinds begin and turning right for St Lucia.

This is typical a VMG running course, and those yachts such as the VO65 that were running down hot angles had to sail many hundreds more miles that cost them dearly.

Sisi , the VO65, for example, logged 3,950 miles (one of the highest I’ve heard of in years of ARC coverage). For added context, Bouwe Bekking was also sailing a VO65 in the RORC Transatlantic Race between Lanzarote to Grenada, and he too reported sailing around 4,000 miles.

Fast, wet downwind sailing on the VO65 Sisi . Photo: Austrian Ocean Race Project / Michael Muck Kremtz

Yachts able to sail deeper downwind at angles up to 170° are much better set up for this route. The old racing adage that ‘the shortest distance is invariably the fastest’ holds true on the transatlantic.

The southerly route adds around 300 miles compared to the rhumb line distance of 2,700 miles. That can be made back if avoiding light winds on the direct route, but reaching machines with no angles to play are not going to break any records.

This year the trades began gently and built steadily until yachts were seeing 20-25 knots and positively barrelling down westwards.

Exhausted crew at the stern of the VO65 Sisi . The crossing was a full-on racing exercise, and hard, intensive work. Photo: Austrian Ocean Race Project / Michael Muck Kremtz

A common complaint was that life on board was very rolly. Many crews found the motion of building seas and fast sailing an unpleasant surprise, making daily tasks and sleeping quite hard work.

These conditions put boats under strain, and cause breakages. “But it’s really what we would expect, given the strength of the wind,” comments WCC’s Wyatt. “Wear and tear on steering cables, broken goosenecks… That is par for the course.”

Two crews reported bone fractures on board: one person broke an arm during a gybe that went wrong. This was likely because of the strong tradewinds, which made boats roll more.

Szabi Mohai and his Hydrovane

Szabi Mohai, sailing on a Dutch entry, a Bavaria 49 named Wilson , entered the finish at Rodney Bay steering gingerly with an emergency tiller. The boat’s rudder blade had broken four days earlier.

“It was the middle of the night and very dark when we had a crash and heard a loud bang, and when we looked back we could see [the remains of] the blade in the water.”

The boat momentarily came to a halt; Mohai realised they had hit something. The collision left only a little of the foam filling around the web structure from the stock and they were unable to steer with it.

Happily, Mohai has a Hydrovane, which operates with its own rudder blade and is equipped with a stub handle for a tiller, so the crew was able to use this to control the boat. “That really was our best friend,” he says.

The crew had also broken the bowsprit in rough weather at the start of the rally, when the bow buried in a wave and a fitting holding the anchor failed.

The anchor shot up and sheared off the aluminium prodder. The crew lashed the remaining part back in place with a cat’s cradle of lines, as shown below.

Repairs to his broken bowsprit

A few boats had encounters with so-called ‘ghost’ fishing nets. One yacht had part of a net entangled on the keel. Another reported passing a very large ghost net that they estimated to be around 50m x 20m in size.

Some of the crews we spoke to were disappointed they had seen very little marine life. Yet others photographed pods of dolphins, reported catching mahi mahi or seeing longtails, so perhaps these sightings were more common on boats where people were handsteering or on yachts without large biminis and sprayhoods?

At least three crews from the ARC+ reported nighttime encounters with other yachts that were unlit. These were not rally boats and did not appear on AIS.

Dolphins play at the bow of Jeanneau 64 Layla . Photo: Paul Laurie / Point Photography

With lower energy LED nav lights available and modern solar panels able to provide a steady supply of energy, it is hard to understand or excuse.

While the inexorable rise of the cruising catamaran is a very visible trend in bluewater sailing, it is not the only sea change. Another fast-growing movement is the business of vlogging.

Dozens of ARC crews, at least, are dabbling in video diaries and mini documentaries for a wider audience and a handful have followings large enough to monetise through YouTube and provide useful income.

Canadian sailor Lisa McKerracher, who is living on board their new Outremer 5X Biotrek with her partner Pierre Caouette and their labradoodle dog Tiller, is new to the game and began making video diaries for family to follow.

She is seeing an increasing following for her insights into the boat and life on board (the channel is called Biotrek-sailing ). Access to fast 4G/LTE wifi in Europe and through most of the Caribbean islands, and Wi-Fi in most cafes and restaurants has changed how people share their experiences and is giving a huge new audience with less or no sailing experience an enticing glimpse into what life on board entails.

Ross Applebey (centre) and crew of Scarlet Oyster celebrate Ross’s fourth racing division win, the third consecutively. Photo: Clare Pengelly / World Cruising

In reality, life on passage is testing. Says skipper Szabi Mohai, “there is something happening every day” – by which he means something to fix or add to the jobs list.

But it is a very different pace than on land, and with an Atlantic crossing comes the satisfaction of knowing that, with every mile covered, the hard part is receding.

First published in the February 2020 edition of Yachting World.