420 dinghy sailboat

What Is a 420 Sailboat? (Here’s Everything You Need To Know)

Have you ever wondered what a 420 sailboat is? Are you looking for a boat thats perfect for racing and sailing? If so, youve come to the right place! In this article, well explore all aspects of the 420 sailboat, from its features and benefits to important tips for sailing and racing.

Well also discuss college sailing programs and their use of the 420 sailboat.

Whether youre a beginner sailor or an experienced racer, youll learn all you need to know about the 420 sailboat in this article.

So lets get started!

Table of Contents

Short Answer

A 420 sailboat is a two-person dinghy designed for racing.

It has a 14-foot hull and is designed with a wide beam for stability.

It is typically rigged with a spinnaker and jib, and is often considered to be a good choice for novice and intermediate sailors, as well as for competitive sailing.

What Is a 420 Sailboat?

A 420 sailboat is a two-person dinghy designed for sailing competitions and recreational sailing.

It is a lightweight and agile boat with a unique trapezoid-shaped sail that allows it to be used in a wide range of sailing conditions.

It is an incredibly popular model of boat among sailors of all ages and skill levels, making it a great choice for both competitive and recreational sailing.

The 420 sailboat is a versatile boat that can be used in a variety of different sailing scenarios.

Its trapezoid sail is designed to catch the wind and provide superior maneuverability and control, making it a great boat for racing and sport sailing.

The boat is also designed for easy handling and maneuverability, making it a great choice for novice sailors.

The 420 sailboat is also a popular choice for college sailing programs.

Its agility and maneuverability make it an excellent choice for aspiring sailors looking to take their sailing to the next level.

With its lightweight and easy to control design, the 420 sailboat is a great introduction to the world of competitive sailing.

In addition to its use in college sailing programs, the 420 sailboat is also used in a range of other sailing competitions and events.

Its trapezoid-shaped sail and lightweight design make it a great choice for a range of sailing scenarios, from racing to recreational sailing.

Overall, the 420 sailboat is a great choice for any sailor looking to take their sailing to the next level.

With its lightweight design and unique trapezoid-shaped sail, this boat is perfect for competitive and recreational sailing alike.

Whether youre a novice sailor or an experienced racer, the 420 sailboat is a great choice for any sailing enthusiast.

Features of a 420 Sailboat

The 420 sailboat is an excellent choice for those looking to take their sailing to the next level.

It is a high-performance two-person dinghy designed for racing and sport sailing, making it an ideal boat for a wide range of sailing conditions.

Its lightweight, agile build and unique trapezoid-shaped sail give it an edge over other boats in terms of speed and maneuverability.

Some of the features that make the 420 sailboat stand out include its long waterline length, low profile design, and its unique sail plan.

The boat has a hull length of around 13 feet and a waterline length of around 11 feet, giving it a longer waterline than most other dinghies and sailboats.

This helps it to perform better in longer races and on larger bodies of water.

Its low profile design makes it easy to handle, while its trapezoid-shaped sail provides plenty of power and stability, even in strong winds.

The 420 sailboat is also designed with a spacious cockpit, allowing for two crew members to sail the boat comfortably.

It also includes a self-draining cockpit, making it easy to bail out water in the event of a capsize.

Additionally, the 420 sailboat is equipped with adjustable outhauls and jibs, allowing for easy and precise sail trimming.

This makes it a great choice for both competitive and recreational sailing.

In addition, the 420 sailboat is popular with sailors of all ages and skill levels, making it a great boat for both beginner and experienced sailors.

It is also used in college sailing programs around the world, giving aspiring sailors the opportunity to hone their skills and take their sailing to the next level.

The boat is also a great choice for competitive sailing, as it is designed to be fast and maneuverable, giving it an edge over other boats in races.

Overall, the 420 sailboat is an excellent choice for those looking to take their sailing to the next level.

Additionally, its spacious cockpit and adjustable outhauls and jibs make it an ideal boat for both competitive and recreational sailing.

With its popularity among sailors of all ages and skill levels, the 420 sailboat is a great choice for aspiring sailors looking to hone their skills and take their sailing to the next level.

Benefits of Sailing a 420 Sailboat

Sailing a 420 sailboat offers a wide range of benefits, making it an ideal boat for competitive and recreational sailors alike.

For starters, the 420 sailboat is lightweight and agile, making it perfect for a range of sailing conditions.

The trapezoid-shaped sail also makes the boat easier to control, allowing sailors to make the most of their sailing experience.

In addition to its agility, the 420 sailboat is also incredibly durable and reliable, meaning it wont let you down in the middle of a race.

This makes it ideal for competitive sailing, as sailors can rely on their boat to perform consistently and reliably.

Lastly, the 420 sailboat is popular with sailors of all ages and skill levels, making it a great boat for both experienced and beginner sailors.

This means that aspiring sailors can start learning to sail on a 420 sailboat without feeling overwhelmed or intimidated.

Furthermore, the 420 sailboat is used in college sailing programs around the world, making it an excellent choice for aspiring sailors looking to take their sailing to the next level.

Overall, the 420 sailboat is an ideal boat for a range of sailing needs, whether youre a competitive sailor, recreational sailor, or an aspiring sailor looking to take their sailing to the next level.

With its lightweight and agile design, durable construction, and wide range of skill levels, the 420 sailboat is an excellent choice for any sailor.

Choosing a 420 Sailboat

When it comes to choosing a 420 sailboat, there are a few things to consider.

First, decide what type of sailing youll be doing.

If youre interested in competitive racing, then look for a boat that has a good reputation for performance, such as the Laser or the Optimist.

If youre more interested in recreational sailing, then the 420 may be the perfect boat for you.

It is lightweight and agile, making it ideal for a wide range of sailing conditions.

Next, consider the budget youre working with.

There are a wide range of prices for 420 sailboats, so its important to know what you can afford before making a purchase.

You should also look into the maintenance costs associated with owning a 420 sailboat.

Its important to factor in any additional costs associated with the boat, such as repairs, sails, and other equipment.

Finally, consider the skill level of you and your crew.

The 420 sailboat is designed for two people, so make sure you and your partner are able to work together as a team.

It can be a great way to learn the basics of sailing, as the boat is highly maneuverable and forgiving.

However, if youre looking to take your sailing to the next level, then the 420 is an excellent choice for aspiring sailors looking to hone their skills.

Choosing the right 420 sailboat is an important decision, and you should take the time to evaluate all of your options before making a purchase.

With the right boat, youll be ready to hit the water and explore the exciting world of sailing.

What Sailing Conditions Is a 420 Sailboat Good For?

The 420 sailboat is designed to be agile and lightweight, making it well-suited for a wide range of sailing conditions.

It is often used in college sailing programs, so it can handle a variety of weather and water conditions.

The trapezoid-shaped sail gives the boat an advantage in light winds, making it well-suited for lighter winds.

It is also able to handle heavier winds, as long as the sail is reefed appropriately.

The 420 sailboat is also great for racing, as the agile design and lightweight construction make it fast and responsive.

The boat is also suitable for recreational sailing, as it is an easy-to-maneuver boat that can be handled by sailors of all skill levels.

The 420 sailboat is also designed to be durable, making it a great choice for long-term sailing and racing.

All of these factors make the 420 sailboat a great choice for a wide range of sailing conditions.

College Sailing Programs and the 420 Sailboat

The 420 sailboat is an excellent choice for budding sailors looking to take their sailing to the next level and compete in college sailing programs.

This versatile and agile boat is popular with sailors of all ages and skill levels, making it a great option for recreational and competitive sailing.

With its unique trapezoid-shaped sail, the 420 is designed to perform well in a wide range of sailing conditions.

The 420 sailboat is used in college sailing programs around the world.

These programs are designed to provide aspiring sailors with the skills and knowledge they need to compete in collegiate sailing regattas.

The boat is also well-suited for team racing, a more advanced form of sailing in which two teams of sailors race against each other on the same course.

In college sailing programs, crew members learn the basics of sailing, including boat rigging, maneuvering, and racing tactics.

They also develop their knowledge of the rules and regulations of sailing, as well as the proper safety procedures.

Through sailing in college sailing programs, aspiring sailors can build their confidence on the water and hone their skills, all while competing with teams from other colleges.

The 420 sailboat is also used in various high school sailing programs.

These programs provide students with the opportunity to learn the basics of sailing and prepare for college sailing regattas and team racing.

High school sailing programs also help build teamwork and communication skills, as well as provide an introduction to the sport of sailing.

Overall, the 420 sailboat is an excellent choice for aspiring sailors looking to take their sailing to the next level.

It is a lightweight, agile boat with a unique trapezoid-shaped sail, making it ideal for a wide range of sailing conditions.

The boat is popular with sailors of all ages and skill levels, making it a great option for recreational and competitive sailing.

The 420 sailboat is used in college sailing programs around the world, making it an excellent choice for aspiring sailors looking to take their sailing to the next level.

Tips for Racing and Sailing a 420 Sailboat

Sailing a 420 sailboat is a thrilling experience, and it requires a special set of skills and knowledge to get the most out of the boat. Whether youre a competitive racer or a recreational sailor, here are some tips to help you get the most out of your 420 sailboat:

1. Learn the Basics: Before you even get in the boat, take the time to learn the basics of sailing. Knowing the ropes, how to trim the sails, and the basic rules of sailing will help you get the most out of your time on the water.

2. Practice Makes Perfect: Once you feel comfortable with the basics, its time to get out on the water and start practicing. The more time you spend practicing, the better youll become at sailing the 420.

3. Tune Your Boat: A properly tuned boat will perform better and be easier to sail. Make sure to check your rigging and sails for proper tension and trim.

4. Take Advantage of the Trapezoid: A 420 sailboat has a unique trapezoid-shaped sail, which gives it great performance in a wide range of wind conditions. Be sure to take advantage of this feature when youre sailing.

5. Balance the Boat: One of the main goals of sailing a 420 sailboat is to keep the boat balanced. Practice sailing with your weight evenly distributed across the boat, and move your weight to the windward side when tacking or gybing.

6. Use the Wind: A 420 sailboat is designed to take advantage of the wind, so be sure to use it to your advantage when sailing. Look for shifts in the wind and use them to your advantage when racing or just out for a leisurely sail.

7. Have Fun: Above all, dont forget to have fun! Sailing a 420 sailboat is a great way to enjoy the outdoors and spend time with friends. So, dont forget to enjoy it!

Final Thoughts

The 420 sailboat is an excellent choice for both recreational and competitive sailing.

With its lightweight and agile design, it is perfect for sailing in a variety of conditions.

It is also popular with college sailing programs, making it an ideal boat for aspiring sailors.

If you’re looking for a great boat for your sailing adventures, a 420 sailboat is a perfect choice.

So go ahead and explore the world of sailing with a 420 sailboat today!

James Frami

At the age of 15, he and four other friends from his neighborhood constructed their first boat. He has been sailing for almost 30 years and has a wealth of knowledge that he wants to share with others.

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• 420 Sailboats: Exploring the Thrill of Dinghy Sailing

Sailing has been an adventurous and captivating water activity enjoyed by enthusiasts around the world for centuries. Among the various sailing boats, the 420 sailboat stands out as a popular choice for dinghy sailing. In this article, we will delve into the exciting world of 420 sailboats, understand what makes them unique, explore different sailing dinghy types, and discover the thrill of dinghy cruising. So, hoist the sails and let's embark on this thrilling journey!

What are 420 Sailboats?

1.1 the origins of the 420 sailboat.

The 420 sailboat originated in France in the late 1950s as a two-person dinghy designed for competitive racing. Its design was based on the popularity of the larger 470 sailboat and was intended to create a more accessible racing boat for young sailors.

1.2 Design and Characteristics

The 420 sailboat typically measures around 4.2 meters (13 feet 9 inches) in length, featuring a single trapeze, a mainsail, and a jib. The boat's hull is often made of fiberglass, ensuring durability and performance on the water.

1.3 Sailing Community and Competitions

Over the years, the 420 sailboat has garnered a strong global following, becoming one of the most popular dinghies for youth and amateur sailors. The boat's versatility allows both beginners and experienced sailors to enjoy thrilling competitions and hone their skills.

The Fascination of Dinghy Sailing

2.1 understanding dinghy sailing.

Dinghy sailing involves sailing small boats, often single-handedly or with a crew of one or two. It offers a more intimate connection with the water, providing sailors with an immersive experience of being one with the elements.

2.2 Advantages of Dinghy Sailing

Dinghy sailing offers several advantages, such as affordability, portability, and maneuverability. Sailors can easily transport and launch dinghies, allowing them to explore various water bodies and remote sailing destinations.

2.3 Challenges and Skills Required

While dinghy sailing is exhilarating, it requires a certain level of skill and adaptability. Sailors must learn to handle the boat in changing weather conditions and use their body weight to maintain stability.

Exploring Dinghy Cruising

3.1 escaping to serene waters.

Dinghy cruising offers a unique opportunity to explore secluded coves, tranquil lakes, and winding rivers. Sailors can escape the bustling city life and immerse themselves in the serenity of nature.

3.2 Navigating the Seas with Confidence

Before embarking on a dinghy cruise, sailors must acquaint themselves with navigation skills, weather patterns, and safety procedures. Proper planning and preparation are essential for a safe and enjoyable journey.

3.3 Preparing for a Dinghy Cruise

Preparing for a dinghy cruise involves packing essential supplies, inspecting the boat's condition, and ensuring all safety equipment is onboard. Additionally, sailors should inform someone about their sailing plans for added security.

Different Types of Sailing Dinghies

4.1 traditional sailing dinghies.

Traditional sailing dinghies often have classic designs and are cherished for their historical significance. They offer a nostalgic sailing experience, appealing to enthusiasts looking to reconnect with the past.

4.2 Modern Performance Dinghies

Modern performance dinghies, like the 420 sailboat, are designed for optimal speed and maneuverability. They are favored by competitive sailors and those seeking an adrenaline-fueled sailing experience.

4.3 Choosing the Right Dinghy for You

When selecting a sailing dinghy, consider your sailing goals, experience level, and preferred type of sailing. Consulting with experienced sailors or boat dealers can help you make an informed decision.

Unraveling the Mystery of Dinghies

5.1 defining a dinghy.

A dinghy is a small boat, often with a shallow draft, suitable for short trips near the shore or larger vessels. Dinghies serve various purposes, such as transportation between a yacht and the shore.

5.2 Brief History of Dinghies

Dinghies have a rich history, dating back to ancient times when they were used as lifeboats and for short excursions from larger ships. Their design and purpose have evolved over centuries.

5.3 The Role of Dinghies Today

In the modern era, dinghies continue to play a crucial role in recreational sailing, racing events, and as safety boats for larger vessels. Their versatility and ease of handling make them an essential part of the sailing community.

Read   our  top  notch   articles  on  topics  such as  sailing ,  sailing   tips  and  destinations  in  our   Magazine .  

The versatility of the 420 sailboat, 6.1 thrilling racing experience.

The 420 sailboat offers an exhilarating racing experience, with its responsive design and competitive class association events worldwide. Sailing enthusiasts can participate in friendly regattas or challenging competitions.

6.2 Casual Sailing and Cruising

Beyond racing, the 420 sailboat is equally enjoyable for leisurely sailing and cruising. Its stable and forgiving nature makes it suitable for novices, families, and friends seeking quality time on the water.

6.3 Ideal for Novices and Experts Alike

The 420 sailboat strikes a perfect balance between beginner-friendly features and high-performance capabilities. Novice sailors can develop their skills with ease, while experienced sailors can explore advanced techniques.

420 Sailboat vs. Flying Junior Sailboat

7.1 a closer look at flying junior sailboat.

The Flying Junior (FJ) sailboat is another popular double-handed dinghy known for its competitive racing and sailing programs in schools and clubs worldwide.

7.2 Key Differences and Similarities

While the 420 sailboat and Flying Junior share similarities in terms of size and purpose, they have distinct design elements, which affect their handling and performance.

7.3 Choosing Between the Two

Choosing between the 420 sailboat and Flying Junior depends on individual preferences, training programs available, and desired sailing experience. Both boats offer thrilling adventures for sailors of all ages.

Yacht vs. Boat: Understanding the Distinction

8.1 what defines a yacht.

A yacht is a larger and more luxurious vessel, often used for recreational purposes, cruising, and leisure activities. Yachts are known for their opulence, amenities, and long-range capabilities.

8.2 How is a Boat Different?

Boats, including sailing dinghies like the 420, refer to smaller watercraft used for various purposes, such as sailing, fishing, transportation, and sports.

8.3 Determining the Right Vessel for Your Needs

Selecting between a yacht and a boat depends on factors such as budget, desired activities, number of passengers, and the kind of sailing experience you wish to have.

The Thrill of 420 Sailing Competitions

9.1 the competitive spirit.

420 sailing competitions are known for their competitive spirit and camaraderie among sailors. Participants challenge their skills and tactics to outperform their rivals.

9.2 International 420 Class Association (ICA)

The International 420 Class Association (ICA) is the governing body that organizes and regulates 420 sailing events worldwide, fostering a vibrant and inclusive sailing community.

9.3 Notable 420 Sailing Events

From local regattas to prestigious international championships, 420 sailors have the opportunity to participate in a wide range of events that cater to different skill levels and age groups.

Owning a 420 Sailboat: A Dream Come True

10.1 factors to consider before purchasing.

If you're considering owning a 420 sailboat, factors like budget, boat condition, and available storage space should be carefully evaluated to make the right investment.

10.2 Maintaining Your 420 Sailboat

Proper maintenance is essential for keeping your 420 sailboat in top-notch condition. Regular inspections, cleaning, and timely repairs contribute to its longevity and performance.

10.3 Cherishing the Sailing Memories

Owning a 420 sailboat is not just about the vessel itself but the unforgettable memories created on the water. Cherish the moments spent sailing, racing, and exploring new horizons.

420 sailboats have captivated sailors worldwide, offering a versatile and thrilling sailing experience. From competitive racing to leisurely cruising, the 420 sailboat has proven its mettle as a reliable and exciting dinghy. Whether you're an experienced sailor seeking a new challenge or a novice eager to learn the ropes, the 420 sailboat is ready to take you on a memorable adventure on the open waters.

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Faqs more about 420 sailboats.

Accelerate skill development in a boat that delivers an edge.

A Mackay 420 has been behind nearly every world champion success since we commenced building 420’s in 2012.

Specifications

Hull Length                            4.2 m

Beam Length                        1.63 m

Mainsail Area                       7.4 m2

Headsail Area                       2.8 m2

Spinnaker Area                    9.0 m2

Boat Weight                          100 kg

Hull Weight                           80 kg

Hull Material                         GRP

No. of Crew                           2

Opt Crew Weight                 110 - 145 kg

Number of Trapeze             Single

Designer                                 Christian Maury

420 Class Association website:  http://www.420sailing.org/

The 420 is one of the best options to learn the ropes about two-person dinghy sailing. Crews learn how to tune a boat, set up control systems, trim sail combinations (jib, main and spinnaker together), work on downwind and upwind techniques, and importantly, learn how to work with another crew.

The Class has attracted many top sailors to it, providing a learning platform that has led them into successful Olympic campaigns and big boat careers.  

The 420’s design and class rules gave us the opportunity to build a boat similar to how the Mackay 470 is built in terms of the mould structure and look of the boat. 

The Mackay 420 hull shape was developed by naval architect Kevin Trotter. Kevin has designed very fast dinghies here in New Zealand over the years. Using the latest design and analysis software, along with the luxury of time we were able to evaluate the expected performance along with the look of the boat. 

Looking at where crews tended to sit in the boat in different conditions affected where we pushed the displacement curve of the boat.   Additionally, Kevin's skiff designs gave valuable insight into the way the rocker curve and buttocks lines should run through the middle and aft sections.

The hull is made from a polyester e-glass fibre, using foam core ribs and core mat panels.

The Mackay 420 deck to hull joint system is the same as our 470s, which allows for the same exceptionally strong but light gunwale arrangement. This extends around the bow and across the transom.

We have also borrowed some other features off the 470.  As an example, the way the mast partner is fitted to the deck after the boat is built allows the bulkhead in front of the mast to be more vertical and closer to the mast.  This is better for rig tension and weight distribution.  It also improves the look of the boat giving it a longer foredeck. 

The rudder stock is in cast aluminum which provides excellent support. The foils are built in the same way as our 470 foils by resin infusion.  

Most importantly the time and energy we put into the rudder and centreboard design along with the finishing of the moulds has resulted in some very special foils.

420: Our recent successes

420 Mackay Boats History

How to do a gelcoat repair.

Small gel coat repairs are relatively easy to do. 

What is Gelcoat made up of?

Gelcoat is a polyester product that is cured by using a catalyst called MEKP. (Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide)

MEKP is a dangerous substance and should be treated as such when using, being very careful not to get any on your skin or in your eyes.

How can I get the catalyst - MERK?

We cannot ship MEKP so you will always need to buy it separately from your local marine store or fibreglass manufacturer.

How much MERK do I need?

The amount of Catalyst varies depending on the conditions you are using it in, but around 2%-3% will always work.

It is best to use a small syringe or dropper to get the required catalyst rate.

If you have mixed 100gm of gelcoat, then you are aiming for 2ml of catalyst.

What are the Gelcoat colours?

Gelcoats colours are not always a 100% perfect match.

Colour will vary depending on the depth of the repair and the batch.

470, 420, 29er & Starling are built from polyester resin.

For Polyester boats

470  White-  LS30    White PA 337

470  Grey- Grey RAL 7035

Blue = is supplier by Nuplex who have their own code which is not an international code

Does Mackay Boats supply gelcoat?

We supply a small tin (of each relevant colour) with each new boat.

Order additional gelcoat from our store, although it cannot be shipped by courier.

How do I do gelcoat repairs?

Doing gelcoat repairs is an art that improves with experience.

Making sure the surface is prepared well and keyed up is critical.

Overfill and then sanding back is a slow and time-consuming process.

Be very careful not to scratch the boat around the repair.

You shouldn’t sand the original surface around the repair with any paper coarser than 600grit.

Mask around the repair to protect the boat.

You can initially use a file or 150g to take the high parts off the filling, but don't use the coarse paper for too long or you will end up with scratches in the finished repair.

Once you have it fair with 600g, you can work your way through the sandpaper grades until you finish with 1500grit before cutting and polishing.

We would typically use 600g, then 800g or 1000g, then 1200g, then finally 1500g.

What can be customised?

Deck colour and non-skid on the side-decks. You can find these options if you try the boat configurator on our website.

What colour options do you offer?

White, Light Grey, Light Blue, Light Green, and Cream. On the 420, Grey is the most popular, with Blue and White equal second most popular.

How do you fit a mylar gasket the hull?

 Please watch this short video that demonstrates fitting a mylar gasket to the 420 hull - 

>> Fitting a mylar gasket .

420 Tuning Tips

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• Sailboat Guide

420 is a 13 ′ 9 ″ / 4.2 m monohull sailboat designed by Christian Maury and built by Rondar Raceboats, Fountaine Pajot, Snapir Sailing Craft Ltd., MacKay Boats Ltd., Lanaverre, Johnson Boat Works, Far East Boat Co., Whitecap Composites, Xtreme Sailing Products, and Nautivela starting in 1959.

Rig and Sails

Auxilary power, accomodations, calculations.

The theoretical maximum speed that a displacement hull can move efficiently through the water is determined by it's waterline length and displacement. It may be unable to reach this speed if the boat is underpowered or heavily loaded, though it may exceed this speed given enough power. Read more.

Classic hull speed formula:

Hull Speed = 1.34 x √LWL

Max Speed/Length ratio = 8.26 ÷ Displacement/Length ratio .311 Hull Speed = Max Speed/Length ratio x √LWL

Sail Area / Displacement Ratio

A measure of the power of the sails relative to the weight of the boat. The higher the number, the higher the performance, but the harder the boat will be to handle. This ratio is a "non-dimensional" value that facilitates comparisons between boats of different types and sizes. Read more.

SA/D = SA ÷ (D ÷ 64) 2/3

• SA : Sail area in square feet, derived by adding the mainsail area to 100% of the foretriangle area (the lateral area above the deck between the mast and the forestay).
• D : Displacement in pounds.

Ballast / Displacement Ratio

A measure of the stability of a boat's hull that suggests how well a monohull will stand up to its sails. The ballast displacement ratio indicates how much of the weight of a boat is placed for maximum stability against capsizing and is an indicator of stiffness and resistance to capsize.

Ballast / Displacement * 100

Displacement / Length Ratio

A measure of the weight of the boat relative to it's length at the waterline. The higher a boat’s D/L ratio, the more easily it will carry a load and the more comfortable its motion will be. The lower a boat's ratio is, the less power it takes to drive the boat to its nominal hull speed or beyond. Read more.

D/L = (D ÷ 2240) ÷ (0.01 x LWL)³

• D: Displacement of the boat in pounds.
• LWL: Waterline length in feet

Comfort Ratio

This ratio assess how quickly and abruptly a boat’s hull reacts to waves in a significant seaway, these being the elements of a boat’s motion most likely to cause seasickness. Read more.

Comfort ratio = D ÷ (.65 x (.7 LWL + .3 LOA) x Beam 1.33 )

• D: Displacement of the boat in pounds
• LOA: Length overall in feet
• Beam: Width of boat at the widest point in feet

Capsize Screening Formula

This formula attempts to indicate whether a given boat might be too wide and light to readily right itself after being overturned in extreme conditions. Read more.

CSV = Beam ÷ ³√(D / 64)

One of the most successful sailing dinghies ever. (Only the SUNFISH or LASER can be considered in the same league.) Originally designed and built by Lanaverre of France. (They built 32,000 according to one source.) Licenses were later granted to other builders around the world. In 1996, the International Class agreed to amend the deck layout. 1 Trapeze permitted. Spinnaker: 97 sq.ft. There is a ‘Club’ version of heavier construction and slightly different dimensions.

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420 Class Dinghy

The 420 was designed by French engineer Christian Maury in 1959, after initial specification were drawn by Aristide Lehoerrff and Pierre Latxague, chief sailing instructors of the Centerport sailing school South-West France. An established worldwide performance two-person trapeze and spinnaker racing dinghy which holds status as an ISAF International Class. A total of 56,000 boats have been built worldwide. This popular dinghy is sailed at school, club, open, national and international levels.

Built in buoyancy tanks, this make the boat very safe even when inverted. The 420 is the youth development boat in 43 countries around the world. It is the equipment for the two-person dinghy boys and two-person dinghy girls events at the ISAF Youth Sailing World Championships, the pinnacle youth event in the world.

420 Dinghy Specifications: LOA: 13′ 9 / 4.2m Beam: 5’4 / 1.63m Draft: 3’2 / 0.965m Hull Weight: 180 lb / 80kg International 420 Class Assocation [email protected]

Related posts:

• Blue Jay Class
• Finn (Dinghy) Class
• National Solo (Dinghy) Class
• Topper (Dinghy) Class

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Z420: New School Dinghy

• By Sailing World Staff
• Updated: January 14, 2014

College sailing is a punishing environment for dinghies. Fleets are sailed nearly every day in season, and boathandling drills in close quarters, heated team races, and full-contact mark roundings contribute to excessive wear and tear, leading to constant maintenance. These demands, plus the desire for a faster, fun, and more nimble steed, prompted LaserPerformance to rethink the C420. With the new Z420, says Adam Werblow, LaserPerformance’s director of institutional programs, they’ve developed a faster boat that can better withstand the abuse while retaining the C420’s simplistic platform.

LP has built more than 6,500 open-molded C420s over the past 40 years, says Werblow, which has given the company insight on how to best optimize the design. Issues with earlier LP-built C420s included pressure cracks on the hull, both on the rounded deck and around the air tank underfoot, and the flexing and bending of the centerboard trunk over time. To improve upon these areas, the Rhode Island-based builder now uses Soric core material and an infused molding process. As a result the Z420 hull is said to be 50 pounds lighter and 40 percent stiffer than LP’s C420. “Soric has a higher sheer resistance,” says production manager Matt Braitsch. “We should see fewer holes, a longer repair life, and more contained failure points.”

The Z420’s hull geometry should also make cracks and flexing a thing of the past. Whereas a C420 hull is composed of six pieces, the Z420 has only three molded components: the hull, the deck, and the mast partners. To strengthen where there will most likely be impact pressure, such as the foredeck and the rails, foam is infused in parts of the hull and deck early in the building process. For better hardware installation, backing plates are also integrated into the hull during the early stages of the build. What was once a buoyancy tank at the bottom of the hull is now a structural rib that runs nearly the entire length of the hull.

“The boat now has a spine,” says Werblow. “It’s a game-changer.”

The Z420 deck has more of a Vanguard 15 look; it’s angular instead of rounded, which should eliminate cracking, says Werblow. The centerboard trunk, frequently torqued by the crew’s feet during roll tacks, shouldn’t flex because it’s narrower and has additional reinforcement.

Another major change in the look of the boat is the addition of a forward bulkhead. Long Island Sound Youth Sailing Team director Steve Keen, who sailed the 420 Omega prototype—which has the Z420 hull with upgrades including a variety of more technical components (tapered mast, fathead laminate sails, adjustable mast ram, etc.)—says the bulkhead change is important. “It allows the boat to be significantly safer than some of the other boats out there,” he says. “If you take a wave over the bow of a Club 420 or a boat like that, which doesn’t have a bulkhead, and you’re going downwind, all the water rushes to your bow. It’s a vicious cycle; now the bow is taking on more water.”

The lighter hull weight also makes capsize recovery safer and faster, says Keen. “When you capsize, it comes up dry, which means you can go racing straight away, and you’re not sitting there continuing to bail. It’s going to make life that much better.”

In addition to less time spent bailing, college sailors can expect to have a faster, more enjoyable platform on which to race. I sailed the 420 Omega prototype with my fellow St. Mary’s sailing alum Megan Magill on Long Island Sound in June. Though the breeze was light, the boat was highly responsive and accelerated with the slightest puff. While it still liked a big roll tack, we were able to maintain speed through shallow tacks—like we might do during a double tack on the starting line—just as well as through wider-angle tacks.

Zach Leonard, head varsity sailing coach at Yale, noticed the quicker speeds through tacks after sailing several prototypes, both with the standard collegiate rig and the bigger 420 Omega rig. “In light wind, the boat is going to come out of tacks really quickly,” says Leonard. “In the past, the FJ has always been the team-racing boat of choice because the 420 was not such a quick tacking boat. I think you might see more team racing in this boat than you did in 420s before.”

Graham Landy, a rising junior at Yale, also had the opportunity to test out the Z420. “It’s much more responsive as far as changing your sheeting on the main,” he says. “You get more modes because it’s a lighter boat, and you can get planing in a lower wind range.”

Jib leads were moved inboard to the International 420 position on the SCV (school/collegiate version) Z420s, which will allow for narrower sheeting angles. “You don’t have to windward sheet as frequently,” says Leonard. “You only do it in a smaller wind range. The boat just points higher; it’s a different boat.”

Leonard sees the variety of modes allowed by the quick-to-plane hull as the most obvious difference between the Z420 and the C420: “You’re going to be able to put the bow down a little bit and go substantially faster.”

Brown head coach John Mollicone lined the Z420 up with his team’s C420s at a few practices in the spring. “Anytime there was a puff over 10 knots, the boat would just get up and sail away from the regular C420s,” he says. “It was definitely more lively and accelerated quicker.”

While we didn’t get enough wind during our test sail to plane, Leonard explains some of the implications. “The new boat planes upwind in not that much wind,” he says, claiming that planing upwind is possible in 10 to 11 knots. “Downwind it’s quite a bit quicker, and reaching will all of a sudden be fun. I think you might see more trapezoid courses run than we’ve done in the past.”

Landy also highlighted the tactical possibilities of reaching legs in the Z420. “Downwind it actually felt pretty similar to the current 420s when we were wing on wing,” he says, “but at our venue, which is a little wavier, we could un-wing [jib reach]. In breeze we can make big gains doing that just because we can plane on all points of sail. We can be more dynamic with the boat, which opens up the racecourse a lot more.”

While the SCV Z420s on the water this season won’t have taller masts or bigger sails, lighter hulls will power them up more quickly. “For a variety of reasons, they’re not going to upsize the sails,” says Leonard, “but I think the boats will be more overpowered in breeze, not because the sails are bigger but because the boats are going faster and creating more apparent wind; 420s are so stable it’s not a big issue.”

Landy felt more powered up during his test sail than on a C420: “I had to sail a bit heavier [with crew weight] than normal just because there was a benefit to keeping the boat flat, keeping full power longer, and planing.”

A few control-line updates will make the boat more tunable for the college sailor, such as the 6-to-1, double-ended vang, which is led to the skipper’s position. The new vang system and Sta-Master turnbuckles—used to quickly adjust shroud tension—were requested by the six colleges that had ordered fleets as of press time: Dartmouth, Jacksonville, Minnesota, Stanford, St. Mary’s, and Yale. The various features of the 420 Omega are also available à la carte. College sailors can expect to race Z420s this fall, and they will be used in collegiate national championships in 2014.

Tabor Academy and Wayzata (Minn.) Community Sailing’s high school program have also ordered Z420s. Tabor coach Rob Hurd says, “We think this’ll be the wave of the future for high school and college sailing.”

Leonard is excited that the project, which was undertaken with input from coaches like himself and Mollicone, came to fruition. “This is something a lot of us have been talking about for a while,” says Leonard, “how we need to sail boats that are training us more for the types of boats we’re likely to sail after college sailing.” Keen, who watches his youth International 420 sailors transition to college, is also enthusiastic. “They go off to college and say, ‘No, this sport isn’t the same as a 29er or an I420 or 470,’ or something they’ve already been sailing—whereas this [Z420] is more in line with that,” he says. “Those who haven’t been exposed to this type of boat before are going to be wowed by it.”

A Class Perspective While you’ll see the new LaserPerformance Z420 on the college sailing circuit this fall, the redesigned boat will not have an immediate effect on the large and established Club 420 Class, says John Vandemoer, the class association’s executive director. “The Z420 that LaserPerformance is producing is really geared to the high school and college market,” says Vandemoer. “It’s a very different boat; that new boat is not going to be able to compete with a Club 420 on a Club 420 line.”

However, the redesigned youth favorite might give the class some new ideas. “Will there be some changes to the Club 420 in the next few years? There’s a possibility of that,” says Vandemoer. “But are we going to change the hull and make it 50 pounds lighter and everything else? No, we probably won’t be doing that anytime soon because it would be way too cost-prohibitive. But I think the board would be open to some changes and some upgrades of the technology where it makes sense cost-wise and would be easy for the class to adapt to.”

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International 420 Class Association

Class contact information.

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One-Design Class Type: Dinghy

Was this boat built to be sailed by youth or adults? Youth

Approximately how many class members do you have? 150 in the US.

Photo Credit:Michael Rudnick

Photo Credit: Michael Rudnick

About International 420 Class Association

The US International 420 Class Association is dedicated to the support, development and growth of International 420 Class sailors in the United The International 420 is an established performance two-person trapeze and spinnaker racing dinghy. The I420 is a youth development boat in 43 countries and is the boat used for the two-person boys dinghy, and two-person girls dinghy events at the Youth Sailing World Championships, the pinnacle youth sailing event in the world. In the US the boat is used in the US Sailing Youth Championship, the pinnacle youth sailing event in the US. The I420 is sailed at yacht clubs, open, national and international levels. There are many second hand boats available, and active fleets across the United States. The 2018 World Championship was held in Newport, RI with 500 sailors from over 25 counties attending.

Designed by Christian Maury in France in 1960, the I420 celebrated its 60th Anniversary in 2020. The I420 is recognized by World Sailing as an “World Sailing Learn to Sail Training Program Recommended Boat”, which endorses its use by Member National Authorities for developing and teaching sailing. All boats recognised by World Sailing have been independently assessed by World Sailing to be ideal for developing and/or teaching sailing within the World Sailing Learn to Sail programme. The class is managed at a global level by the International 420 Class Association, and by the local class association in each country. In the US that is the US I420 Class Association.

Boats Produced: 26,000

Class boat builder(s):

Full list at: http://www.420sailing.org/content/420-licensed-builders

Approximately how many boats are in the USA/North America? 150

Where is your One-Design class typically sailed in the USA? List regions of the country:

New England (Newport, CT, NYC, NJ), Annapolis, Miami, Houston, San Francisco & Southern Califorina.

Does this class have a spinnaker or gennaker? Yes

How many people sail as a crew including the helm?  2

Ideal combined weight of range of crew:  250 – 325 lbs

Boat Designed in  1960

Length (feet/inches): 13′ 9″

Beam: 5′ 4″

Weight of rigged boat without sails: 100 kg/220 lbs (80kg/176 lbs Bare Hull)

Mast Height: 20′ 6″

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All boats wishing to race and compete shall comply with the International 420 Class Rules. The current International 420 Class Rules are published on the World Sailing website and you should always refer to the World Sailing website to ensure you have the latest version.

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