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X-15 Mini Speedboat

Ocean capable seats up to 3 adults. takes a little rougher water compared to a jet ski, and we recommend between a 20 to 50 hp motor with a 20 in. shaft and 10 ft. control cable on this one speed, ride, and agility. much safer, no need to get in the water like a jet ski. can be taken out at night. all accessories can be installed. great for rental sites.

X-15 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:

• Hull Type: Fiberglass V-Hull, Ocean Capable
• Material: Biaxial Knitted Fiberglass +/- 45 Degrees
• Length: 15’2”
• Width: 5’6”
• Weight: 660 lb.
• Dead Rise: 20 Degrees
• Transom: 20”
• Hull Warranty: 5 Years

*Boats shown with optional equipment.

The x-15 mini speedboat can be purchased direct from fusion x marine. call 833-387-4669 or email [email protected]., standard features.

• Marine UV Resistant Gelcoat
• Electric Bilge Pump
• Color Coordinated Marine Vinyl Interior
• Matching Heavy Duty Rub Rail
• Marine Carpeting
• Grab Handle
• Steering System and Wheel
• Stainless Steel Bow Eye
• Stainless Steel Stern Eyes
• Offshore Battery Box
• Stainless Steel Hardware
• Navigation Lights

Optional Equipment

• Instrument Package Speedometer and Tachometer
• Stereo, Marine AM/FM Bluetooth
• 12 Gallon Permanent Mount Fuel Tank with Gauge

US Coast Guard Maximum Capacities

• 3 Persons or 600 lb.
• 900 lb. Persons & Gear

Click here to view the US Coast Guard Safe Loading Certificate

All information contained on this website is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. However, during the model year, it may be necessary to make revisions and Fusion X Marine reserves the right to make changes without notice, including prices, colors, materials, equipment and specifications as well as the addition of new models and the discontinuance of models shown on this website.

phd requirements at uj

College of Graduate and Professional Studies Catalog - Fall 2023

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PhD in Clinical Research

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Program Details

As one of the only universities in the world with an accredited, all-online PhD in Clinical Research, University of Jamestown helps you advance in the field of your choice—without having to pause your career. In this program, you will master the skills necessary to conduct clinical trials, analyze research, and ensure the safety and efficacy of products, medication and information provided to the global society.

Earning your terminal degree in a broadly applicable program like Clinical Research means you can apply your knowledge to a range of disciplines, including government, higher education, healthcare, private industry, and beyond. You will not only learn how to critically analyze the literature and interpret evidence, but to design your own rigorous and ethical research projects—all while creating a repeatable and sophisticated methodology appropriate for dissemination at the national level.

Our Mission

Our mission is to provide students with rigorous academic preparation which produces independent investigators who can conceptualize research inquiry that positively impacts the University, community and global society. Students will gain the expertise needed to perform ethical data collection and analysis across a variety of disciplines and modalities. 

Admission and Costs

Application Information

Between September 7 and July 31 of a calendar year, applicants can use the Allied Health Common Application System (AHCAS) to submit their application to the University of Jamestown Ph.D. in Clinical Research program. The requirements for admission are:

• Undergraduate and graduate transcripts
• Selection of elective focus area
• Recommendations (optional)

Program Costs

48 Credits Total

*estimated costs based on student surveys

Requirements

Required core courses, thesis credits, leadership track courses, health professions education track courses, biomechanics and movement science track courses, health services research track courses, plan of study.

Students who successfully complete a PhD in Clinical Research at the University of Jamestown will:

• Demonstrate profound knowledge of the disciplines inherent to performing ethically based and rigorous clinical research.
• Disseminate dissertation research that will achieve acceptance for dissemination at local and national level conferences and through peer reviewed journals.
• Apply local and federal guidelines that ensure safety and efficacy of products, medication and information provided to the global society.
• Appraise evidence in their respective fields.
• Define the value of data provided in evidence publications and presentations based on their extensive knowledge of research methodology and data analysis.
• Explain the importance of racial, ethnic, gender, age, socioeconomic and educational diversity in data collection, analysis, and research to produce results that are generalizable to the global community.
• Participate in their professional associations as evidenced by active membership and participation in local or national conferences or other forms of dissemination prior to graduation.
•   Evaluate technology available for data collection and analysis, including survey instruments and statistical software.

Szkoła Doktorska Nauk Ścisłych i Przyrodniczych

Widok zawartości stron Widok zawartości stron

Rekrutacje grantowe, konwersatoria, konkursy id.uj, dla doktorantów, phd programme in biology (nauki biologiczne).

• obtaining an advanced level qualification in the biological sciences.
• doing your dissertation and obtaining a doctoral degree at the oldest university in this part of Europe: https://www.uj.edu.pl/uniwersytet-z-collegium-medicum/historia.
• personal development through participation in the work of experienced research teams, establishing national and international scientific contacts through extensive collaboration with scientific institutions.
• conducting interdisciplinary research with a multifaceted approach to research in terms of theory and practice.
• Contact with renowned scientists from the Jagiellonian University and other Polish and foreign universities in disciplines related to your study.
• Access to specialized laboratories equipped with modern equipment such as diagnostic microscopes, a transmission electron microscope for biological applications and a flow cytometer.
• Participating in research projects and acquiring your own projects.
• Participating in summer schools.
• Obtaining language certificates.
• Popularization of science as broadly understood.
• the opportunity to participate in the cultural and social life of the city of Krakow https://phd.uj.edu.pl/life-in-cracow 
• the opportunity to meet and collaborate with doctoral students from all over the world
• membership of the PhD Students’ Association of the Jagiellonian University https://doktoranci.uj.edu.pl/ 
• free education
• scholarship and health insurance
• additional remuneration for work in research projects
• Is prepared to practice science, carry out research and conduct teaching activities at the university level.
• Is able to use in practice the acquired knowledge in the field of biological sciences to construct innovative research hypotheses in order to solve theoretical and practical problems.
• Is able to support the development of others through teaching with the use of modern methodology, techniques and educational tools
• Possesses the necessary social competences
• Understands the need and shows readiness to fulfil social obligations resulting from conducting scientific research.

Programy kształcenia:

Kształcenie rozpoczęte w roku akademickim 2024/25 kształcenie rozpoczęte w roku akademickim 2023/24 kształcenie rozpoczęte w roku akademickim 2022/23 kształcenia rozpoczęte w latach akademickich 2019/20, 2020/21, 2021/22.

Informatyka Techniczna

Nauki o Ziemi i Środowisku (Nauki o Ziemi i Środowisku)

Nauki biomedyczne (Nauki biologiczne)

Lista tematów badawczych, ib – 1: microbial communities of dryas octopetala in the era of climate change (institute of botany).

Institute: Institute of Botany

Topic:   Microbial communities of Dryas octopetala in the era of climate change

Name of supervisor: dr hab. Piotr Mleczko ( [email protected] )

Background information:

Arctic and alpine ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to climate change. Rapid changes in Anthropocene will primarily affect organisms adapted to specific climatic and edaphic conditions of cold environments. One of the typical plants that build arctic-alpine communities is Dryas octopetala , found in Europe in the (sub)arctic zone and temperate alpine areas. Relict sites located beyond the ecological optimum are also known. Extant insular pattern of D. octopetala distribution is a natural consequence of glacial and post-glacial range changes, however, mechanisms of the plant population persistence, as well as building and maintaining linked soil microbial community, are weakly known although of fundamental ecological and biogeographical significance. Insight into functioning of cold-adapted plant populations and related microbial communities in discrete, diversified climatic and habitat contexts (optimum vs relict sites) will provide excellent advance to better understand the resilience of interrelated arctic-alpine communities and thus cold-adapted ecosystems.

The main question to be addressed in the project:

What are the functional composition and species richness of soil microorganisms’ communities developed in the root zones of Dryas octopetala in an altitudinal, and thus climatic, gradient from the relict to optimal (alpine) populations? Which factors are responsible to a greater extent for shaping the microbial soil communities of D. octopetala : plant identity or the climatic and edaphic conditions coupled with the local microbial community?

Information on the methods/description of work:

The project relies on the total soil (rhizosphere) DNA metabarcoding, an effective tool for estimating biodiversity in environmental studies. The research is aimed at understanding the species richness and diversity of the D. octopetala rhizosphere microbiota. It consists of molecular analysis of target (barcode) DNA from environmental samples using High-Throughput Sequencing, bioinformatic data processing and treatment of taxonomic units. Sampling sites will be based on the Western Carpathians, where alpine (optimal) and lower-montane (relict) populations of D. octopetala constitute a unique natural model system for comparative studies on the functional ecology of isolated relict plant populations and related soil microbial communities.

Additional information (e.g. special requirements from the student): 

The student will closely collaborate with the Molecular Biogeography team from the Institute of Botany PAS. The candidate should have a strong interest in modern molecular methods as well as a keen interest in bioinformatics and ecological studies. Strong English language, communication and organisational skills are also essential.

Place/name of potential foreign collaborator:

MNHN, CNRS, Université de Sorbonne, Paris, France, prof. Marc-André Selosse; INRAE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France, prof. Marc Buée.

References:

Bjorbækmo, M. et al.  (2010). High diversity of root associated fungi in both alpine and arctic Dryas octopetala. BMC Plant Biology 10(1): 244.

Castilho, R. et al. (2020). Habitat specialization controls ectomycorrhizal fungi above the treeline in the European Alps. New Phytologist 229(5): 2901-2916.

Broadbent, A. et al. (2021). Climate change alters temporal dynamics of alpine soil microbial functioning and biogeochemical cycling via earlier snowmelt. The ISME Journal DOI:10.1038/s41396-021-00922-0.

IB – 2: The structure and immunochemistry of stigma and stylar tissue in Utricularia genus (Institute of Botany)

Topic: The structure and immunochemistry of stigma and stylar tissue in Utricularia genus

Name of supervisor: prof. dr hab. Bartosz J. Płachno ( [email protected] )                          

In flowering plants, stigma, style, and ovule are essential for pollen grain germination, pollen tube growth and later delivery of male gametes into the female gametophyte for double fertilization. Still, very little is known about the interactions between these maternal tissues and the growing pollen tubes. A subtle dialogue takes place between the mother tissues and the pollen tubes, involving pectins, arabinogalactans and other signaling molecules (1-4). No detailed data are available on the structure of the stigma, the stylar tissues, and the interaction between them and pollen tubes in species from genus Utricularia .

• What is the structure of stigmas in species of bladderworts from different subgenera?
• Do species classified in the same section have similar stigma structure?
• Do stigma structure and stigma secretion correlate with pollinator type?
• Is there one or more types of pistil in the genus Utricularia ?
• What changes take place in the tissues of the pistil during the growth of pollen tubes?

Anatomy techniques; immunochemistry techniques; light microscopy, electron microscopy (SEM, TEM).

Additional information (e.g. special requirements from the student): 

mobility acceptance, working time flexibility and regularity, English fluency, knowledge about botany.

São Paulo State University (Unesp), Brazil

(1) Herrero, M. Changes in the ovary related to pollen tube guidance. Ann. Bot. 2000, 85, 79–85.

(2) Herrero, M. Ovary signals for directional pollen tube growth. Sex. Plant Reprod. 2001, 14, 3–7.

(3) Li, H.J.; Meng, J.G.; Yang, W.C. Multilayered signaling pathways for pollen tube growth and guidance. Plant Reprod. 2018, 31, 31–41.

(4) Losada, J.M. Herrero, M. Arabinogalactan proteins mediate intercellular crosstalk in the ovule of apple flowers. Plant Reprod. 2019, 32, 291–305.

IB – 3: Phylogenetic reconstruction of Ranunculus sect. Batrachium (Ranunculaceae, Plantae) using DNA hybridization capture techniques (Institute of Botany)

Topic: Phylogenetic reconstruction of Ranunculus sect. Batrachium (Ranunculaceae, Plantae) using DNA hybridization capture techniques

Name of supervisors: dr hab. Joanna Zalewska-Gałosz, prof. UJ; dr Tomasz Suchan ( [email protected] )                      

Section Batrachium (Water Crowfoots) is a monophyletic group of macrophytes classified within cosmopolitan, morphologically, and ecologically diverse genus Ranunculus . In the latest worldwide taxonomic account of the section 30 species, 16 hybrids and 29 hybrid combinations within Batrachium were recognised [1]. Batrachium is regarded as taxonomically the most challenging groups of plants because of extreme phenotypic plasticity, frequent hybridization and introgression, allo- and autopolyploidization, and persistence of genetically independent, sterile lineages. Only recently, thanks to the application of the molecular tools, the modern Batrachium phylogeny starts to clarify. Based on the direct sequencing of selected DNA regions (ITS and cpDNA) some Batrachium taxa were successfully molecularly characterised and general phylogenetic clades were resolved [2]. However, molecular studies revealed also significant intraspecific genetic variation of Ranunculus trichophyllus , not directly related with morphological characters, and genetic split in R. baudotii between populations from coastal regions of the Baltic Sea basin and the populations dispersed though the inland Europe [2].

We aim to develop a cost-effective hybridization capture approach allowing sequencing of orthologous loci even from highly degraded DNA samples [3] and apply it for the Batrachium specimens preserved in different Herbaria. Based on the obtained markers, we will explore genetic information with taxonomic value from the specimens covering large spatial areas and temporal scales, and resolve phylogeny of Batrachium based on acquired data.

We will develop in-house sequence capture protocols for capturing sets of orthologous loci from degraded DNA form the herbarium specimens. The protocols will be based either on the hyRAD technique [3], allowing the capture of random fraction of the genome, or/and EecSeq, an inexpensive method of exon capture [4]. The student will be in charge of DNA isolation from the vouchers, building genomic libraries and the probes form fresh specimens, testing and performing the hybridization captures. They will characterize the utility of the methods for broader phylogenetic scales and analyse the obtained data to resolve the phylogenetic relationships within the studied group. The training program will equip the student with modern laboratory (the “next-generation sequencing” techniques) as well as bioinformatic skills and taxonomical training.

Working time flexibility and regularity, English fluency. Experience in basic laboratory skills and willingness to learn next generation DNA sequencing techniques and bioinformatic data analysis.

Gerhard Wiegleb, Department of Ecology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany [Herbarium collection] Bobrov, A. Alexander, I.D. Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia [Herbarium collection]

[1] Wiegleb, G., Bobrov, A. A., Zalewska-Gałosz, J., 2017. A taxonomic account of Ranunculus section Batrachium (Ranunculaceae). Phytotaxa 319: 001–055.

[2] Bobrov, A.A., Zalewska-Gałosz, J., Jopek, M., Movergoz, E.A., 2015. Ranunculus schmalhausenii (section Batrachium, Ranunculaceae), a neglected water Crowfoot endemic to Fennoscandia - a case of rapid hybrid speciation in postglacial environment of North Europe. Phytotaxa 233: 101–138.

[3] Suchan, T. et al. 2016. Hybridization capture using RAD Probes (hyRAD), a new tool for performing genomic analyses on collection specimens. PLoS ONE 11: e0151651.

[4] Puritz, J. B., & Lotterhos, K. E., 2018. Expressed exome capture sequencing: A method for cost‐effective exome sequencing for all organisms. Molecular ecology resources, 18: 1209-1222.

IB – 4:  The biochemical and physiological mechanisms preventing seed germination in violets (Institute of Botany)

Topic: The biochemical and physiological mechanisms preventing seed germination in violets

Name of supervisor: dr hab. Aneta Słomka ( [email protected] )

Background information: Violets are popular ornamental bedding plants. Currently, horticultural species of long flowering time, high resistance to extreme conditions, e.g., cold and heavy metals are cultivated in gardens thorough the Europe and U.S. However, commercially available seeds, similarly as those of natural origin, germinate poorly unless treated specifically. Osmopriming, halopriming and remining proper relative humidity during seed storage have been found to enhance violets’ germination in laboratory conditions (Dorna et al. 2014 and lit. cited therein), which, however, is unstable and unpredictable, dependent on species and seed origin. Both parameters frequency of germinating seeds and seed vigour (the speed of germination) are reduced in violets. The seed germination process is complex. Even when embryo and endosperm are properly developed there are multiple mechanisms blocking seed germination in unfavoured external conditions (secondary dormancy). In nature, the germination of violets is dependent on cold stratification, temperature, and light conditions. Breaking seed dormancy requires thorough knowledge of the seed intrinsic nature and physiology which both are strongly neglected in violets.

The main question to be addressed in the project: Since among the most important parameters controlling the process of seed dormancy are changes at molecular levels, including the protein and hormonal alterations, and the balance between abscisic acid and gibberellins, it is planned to perform comparative analyses at different levels using e.g., Viola tricolor differentiated into populations with low and high germination capacity. Firstly, hormonal profile between well and poorly germinating seeds will be established. Secondly, proteomic comparisons with particular emphasis on: (1) proteases (especially caspase-like enzymes) involved in programmed cell death in plants via mobilizing storage proteins to promoting seed germination (e.g., Liu et al. 2018); (2) carbonylated proteins associated with reactive oxygen species production alleviating seed dormancy (Oracz et al. 2007), will be performed. 

The overall project aims will contribute to, at least partial, understanding the mechanisms of poor seed germination in violets and would provide practical advices for horticultural industry how to overcome such difficulty in these and other ornamental species.

Information on the methods/description of work: Western blot, ligand blotting, high-performance liquid chromatography, one and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry technique, seed viability and germination tests, TUNEL assay, etc.

Additional information (e.g., special requirements from the student):  reliability, working time flexibility, English proficiency.

Place/name of potential foreign collaborator:  Department of Plant Systems Biology, Ghent University, Belgium and Department of Botany, Palacký University, Faculty of Science, Olomouc, Czech Republic.

Dorna H. et al. 2014. The effect of priming on germination and vigour of pansy (Viola x wittrockiana Gams.) seeds. Acta Sci. Pol. Formatio Circumiectus 13: 15-29.

Liu H. et al. 2018. Role of papain-like cysteine proteases in plant development. Front. Plant Sci. 9: 1717.

Oracz K. et al. 2007. ROS production and protein oxidation as a novel mechanism for seed dormancy alleviation. Plant J. 50: 452-465.

IES – 5: Senescence of avian feathers (Institute of Environmental Sciences)

Institute: Institute of Environmental Sciences

Topic: Senescence of avian feathers

Name of supervisor: dr hab. Ulf Bauchinger ( [email protected] )

Vertebrate metabolism is subjected to senescence; progressing adult age is known to drive quantitative and qualitative changes in metabolism in mammals and birds. The effects of metabolic aging on fur and the quality of the individual hair are well documented for mammals, but senescence of the avian feather are not known from the literature. The periodic moult represents a demanding period since replacement of the feathers require resources during a time when feather regrowth already impairs flight performance.

First data obtained in the frame of a master thesis on our ageing cohort of zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata ) maintained at the Institute of Environmental Sciences, UJ, unambiguously reveal a decline in feather length, with increasing age. These results of older birds to grow shorter wing feathers must be considered to affect flight performance and maneuverability as wing loading highly depends on feather size.

Do birds in general reveal similar age effects in feather length? Do feathers of change in quality in addition to the quantitative changes? Are the rate of moult and the length of the entire moulting period affected by age?

Measurements of feather length and feather quality from museum specimens of known age will provide a data for multiple species. Morphometric measurements are accompanied with microscopic analysis of feather ultra-structure. Phylogenetic correction will be employed (Question 1 and 2) Our ageing cohort of zebra finches maintained at INoŚ and at the Max Planck Institute of Ornithology will be used for descriptive analysis of feather length and feather quality based on microscopic analysis of feather ultra-structures (Question 2 and 3)  Experimental  manipulation of feather regrowth through feather plucking is performed to test for age differences in the rate of moult and the length of the moulting period under specific environmental conditions (Question 2 and 3) 

Additional information:  

Student will have to acquire the necessary certificates for experimental work with animals or (preferable) holds this certificate already. Good English skills. Experience with handling of birds is an advantage.

Max-Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen Germany/ Prof. Dr. Manfred Gahr (Director MPIO). Source of the birds currently maintained at UJ.   Zoological Staatssammlung Munich, Germany/ Prof. Dr. Gerhard Haszprunar (Director ZSM, Munich, Germany). One of the biggest scientific collection of animals in Europe.

Labocha M. K., Rutkowska J., Cichoń M. and U. Bauchinger. 2015. Age-specific decline in take-off flight performance in a small passerine. Animal Behavior 105: 103-107. Holmes, D., and K. Martin. 2009. A bird's-eye view of aging: What's in it for ornithologists? Auk 126:1-23. Swaddle, J. P., and M. S. Witter. 1997. The effects of molt on the flight performance, body mass, and behavior of European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris): An experimental approach. Canadian Journal of Zoology-Revue Canadienne De Zoologie 75:1135-1146.

IES – 6:  Biological Clocks in the Wild: the effects of artificial light at night on circadian rhythms of a migratory bird (Institute of Environmental Sciences)

Institute:  Institute of Environmental Sciences

Topic:  Biological Clocks in the Wild: the effects of artificial light at night on circadian rhythms of a migratory bird

Name of supervisor: prof. dr hab. Mariusz Cichoń ( [email protected] )

It is well established that biological rhythms are fundamental drivers of biochemistry, cell biology, physiology and behaviour (1). The regularity of behaviours is governed by endogenous clocks, which are adjusted and synchronised with environmental cues, primarily light. Rapidly expanding anthropopressure largely disrupts these cues. Yet, it is surprising how little we know about the effects of disorders in the functioning of the internal time-keepers in free-ranging animals. These can range from behavioural and hormonal to immunological responses (2,3).

Understanding the effects of disturbance in environmental cues, i.e. light exposure, on circadian clock of a wild migratory bird: collared flycatcher ( Ficedula albicollis ).

The PhD candidate will actively participate in fieldwork, collecting phenotypic, biological and environmental data, sample preparation and lab work. S/he will be interacting with the supervisor and other team members, collaborators in Poland and worldwide, and attend relevant workshops and conferences. It is expected that the candidate will learn a large ecological skill set that will allow him/her to infer the evolutionary ecology of disturbed photoperiods in wild flycatchers. Specifically, the tasks will involve:

active participation in fieldwork across three breeding seasons (ca. 2-3 months each year) on the Swedish island of Gotland, assessing the influence of artificial light at night on immune response of birds, planning and performing PHA immune assays in the field, analysing gene expression of specific immune genes, conducting statistical analyses, presenting the work at local and international conferences and preparing publications in close collaboration with an international team.

Additional information (e.g. special requirements from the student):

strong English language command, communication, organizational and collaboration skills; experience with molecular laboratory analyses and fieldwork (preferably with birds); previous experience in statistical analysis of biological data is considered advantageous; bird ringing/handling experience and ethical permits to work with animals and driving license are a plus.

Uppsala University/Professor Lars Gustafsson, Groningen University and University of Glasgow/Professor Barbara Helm

1. Bell-Pedersen D, Cassone VM, Earnest DJ, et al (2005) Circadian rhythms from multiple oscillators: lessons from diverse organisms. Nat Rev Genet 6:544–556. doi: 10.1038/nrg1633

2. Zhuang X, Magri A, Hill M, et al (2019) The circadian clock components BMAL1 and REV-ERB α regulate flavivirus replication. Nat Commun 10:1–13. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-08299-7

3. Dominoni DM, Goymann W, Helm B, Partecke J (2013) Urban-like night illumination reduces melatonin release in European blackbirds (Turdus merula): implications of city life for biological time-keeping of songbirds. Front Zool 10: 60. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-9994-10-60

IES – 7:  Nutritional ecology of bees: balancing bee nutrient demands and nutrient supply with a diversity of pollen sources (Institute of Environmental Sciences)

Topic: Nutritional ecology of bees: balancing bee nutrient demands and nutrient supply with a diversity of pollen sources

Name of supervisor: dr hab. Marcin Czarnołęski, prof UJ ( [email protected] )

Background information: For bees, pollen quality determines the overall quality of the larval food, influences the development of individuals and shapes their populations. Not all plants produce pollen that satisfies the nutritional requirements of bees, and we do not know how different plant pollens impact bees’ nutritional demands. Our understanding of the differential contribution of various nutrients to bees’ growth and development is minimal.

The framework of ecological stoichiometry is a promising approach to this issue. It allows questions about the most basic mechanism that shapes the nutritional ecology of bees, i.e., balancing the larval diet to enable larval growth, and development.

The main question to be addressed in the project: The goal of this project is to determine the nutritional limitations imposed on wild bees by the lack of nutritionally balanced pollen. Therefore, we will (i) determine the nutritional value of the pollen produced by various plant species and (ii) estimate the nutritional needs of different species of wild bees. Finally, the combination of both research aims will enable us to (iii) assess nutritional bottlenecks as determinants of the biodiversity of wild bee species.

We will characterize the stoichiometry of multiple elements for bees and pollen. Within the framework of ecological stoichiometry, the nutritional demand of the bees will be compared with the nutritional supply of the pollen to study if and how the local flora community influence bee communities and populations via the presence or absence of plant species that supply stoichiometrically adequate pollen for bees.

Additional information (e.g special expectations from candidate students):   Required: (1) Master's level in the studies in the field related to the project’s scope; (2) academic-level knowledge in ecology, evolution and physiology; (3) general experience and interest in any field of ecology; (4) basic knowledge of statistics;  (5) fluency in English.

Preferred: experience in publishing scientific results and application of more complex statistical models (especially in R); either already experience or strong motivation to learn programming in R, MATLAB or Python.

Personal qualities: (1) effective communication; (2) interpersonal abilities and the ability to work well with others; (3) computer and technical literacy; (4) problem-solving/creativity; (5) skills in planning and organizing; (6) high degree of motivation; (7) reliability, diligence, and punctuality; (8) the ability to critically evaluate the obtained results; and (9) willingness to actively participate in conferences, festivals and other forms of dissemination of the project’s results and preparation of scientific publications in English at a high, international level.

Technical university of Munich, Germany / Prof. Dr. Sara Diana Leonhardt

1. Filipiak, M. (2018). A Better Understanding of Bee Nutritional Ecology Is Needed to Optimize Conservation Strategies for Wild Bees—The Application of Ecological Stoichiometry. Insects.

2. Filipiak, M. & Weiner, J. (2017). Plant-insect interactions: The role of ecological stoichiometry. Acta Agrobot.

IES – 8:  Climate crisis: a new paradigm for addressing minimization of plastic harm in the era of COVID-19 pandemic (Institute of Environmental Sciences)

Topic: Climate crisis: a new paradigm for addressing minimization of plastic harm in the era of COVID-19 pandemic 

Name of supervisor: prof. dr hab. Małgorzata Grodzińska-Jurczak ( [email protected] )                 

Contemporary environmental discourses have been largely focused on different contributors to the climate crisis including plastic considered as having the strongest impact on the natural environment and public health. The CO 2 emissions directly connected to plastic production, recycling and utilization – estimated to triple by 2050 - requires a re-assessment due to the global COVID-19 pandemic. The already chronic problem of plastic pollution is just becoming more worrying, as the new circumstances result in a constantly growing generation of a new type of pollution originating from single-use items such as gloves, masks, medical suits, cutlery etc. The previously perceived negative roles of plastic experience a major change as health fears appear to outweigh environmental concerns. However, although the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are more immediate than those of plastic usage, both have a tremendous impact on the environment and public health. Facing both threats requires a major incision into the prevailing plastic governance ensuring a sustainable transition of values and behaviors towards a holistic plastic waste management while considering changing environmental conditions.

The main questions to be addressed in the project:

This research project aims at re-assessing the plastic threat reinforced by the COVID-19 pandemic. It will investigate attitudes and opinions towards the harm of plastic to the environment and health, using the interdisciplinary context, investigating the general public and various stakeholders. Moreover, we’ll develop an inclusive approach aiming at minimizing the new type of plastic pollution, which will comprise a combination of innovative technologies, participatory scenario modelling and knowledge co-creation processes.

The project will utilize a mixed-mode approach with qualitative and quantitative methods. The outputs of the PhD project will be used for comparisons with equivalent research in other countries to validate their relevance and strengthen their practical universality.

Special requirements from the student:

A potential candidate should possess knowledge and experience in working cohesively in an interdisciplinary team environment, demonstrate excellent written and oral English communication skills. A job experience in practical nature conservation (also non-research sector) and participatory research methods would be of advantage.

Prof. Dietram A. Scheufele, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA

Prof. Maurie Cohen, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA

Anbumani, S., & Kakkar, P. (2018). Ecotoxicological effects of microplastics on biota: a review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(15), 14373-14396. Chen, S., Yang, J., Yang, W., Wang, C., & Bärnighausen, T. (2020). COVID-19 control in China during mass population movements at New Year. The Lancet, 395(10226), 764-766.  Cohen, M. (2020). Does the COVID-19 outbreak mark the onset of a sustainable consumption transition? Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 16:1, 1-3. Grodzińska-Jurczak M., A. Krawczyk, A. Jurczak, M. Strzelecka, M. Boćkowski, M. Rechciński. 2020. Environmental choices vs. Covid-19 pandemic fear - Plastic governance re-assessment. Society & Register 4 (2), 34-49.

IES – 9:  Reimagining River Stewardship- the role of values embedded in leisure activities ‘with’ rivers (Institute of Environmental Sciences)

Topic: Reimagining River Stewardship- the role of values embedded in leisure activities ‘with’ rivers

Name of supervisor: prof. dr hab. Małgorzata Grodzińska-Jurczak ( [email protected] )

River stewardship is an increasingly important approach to preserve the European countryside and rivers flowing through rural areas. It “comprises all efforts to create, nurture and enable responsibility of landowners and resource users to manage and protect land and its natural and cultural heritage”. One way to conceptualize this kind of stewardship is through people-nature relationships. The contemporary western-scientific discourse understands people-nature relationship through the lens of ‘ecosystem services’ (ES) or more recently Nature-Contribution-to-People (N-C-P), which puts emphasis on cultural and emotional aspects .

This project concerns rivers that are important locally and essential to the wellbeing of communities on the Polish and Swedish countryside. By focusing on locally significant rivers, this study will expose the complexity of relations between outdoor leisure and river stewardship between cases in Poland and Sweden.

In what ways relational values embedded in outdoor leisure alongside rivers flowing through rural areas translate into river stewardship?

The overall goal: to explore the transformative capacity of outdoor leisure practices to pave the way for river stewardship on the Polish and Swedish countryside.

This research utilizes a sequential exploratory mixed methods approach integrating both qualitative and quantitative tools for data collection. Additionally, the study targets rural river sites in Poland (cases) and Sweden (cases) with the goal to capitalize on potential differences in terms of local environmental heritage. Specific rural river sites are to be determined through spatial analysis of social media data.

A potential candidate should possess knowledge in designing and executing interdisciplinary research. Foundations to work in an R environment are an additional advantage. Evidence of high-quality academic writing in English is necessary.

Place/Name of potential foreign collaborator: 

Marianna Strzelecka, PhD, Linnaeus University, Sweden

Brown J, & Mitchell B. (2000) The stewardship approach and its relevance for protected landscapes. The George Wright Forum, 7, 70–79. Creswell, J.W. & Plano Clark, V.L. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

IES – 10:  The role of ultrasounds in biology, communication and sexual selection of voles (Institute of Environmental Sciences)

Topic: The role of ultrasounds in biology, communication and sexual selection of voles.

Name of supervisor: dr hab. Joanna Kapusta ( [email protected] )       

It is commonly known that rodent communication appears to be based primarily on the well-developed olfactory system. Many studies suggest that vocalization, especially in the high frequency range (ultrasounds) form a significant element of communication within many species of rodents. Previous studies conducted on laboratory animals (mainly mice and rats) have shown that ultrasounds emitted by pups elicit maternal care, especially retrieval behavior. Adult animals produce ultrasounds during amicable and aggressive interactions, and they occur during male-female sexual encounters. Moreover, vocalization of males depends on male sex hormones – androgens. Androgens are critically involved in the development and expression of secondary sex characters essential for attraction and acquisition of mates. In this context it may therefore be hypothesized that ultrasounds are a part of sexual behaviour and play an important role in mate choice.

The primary purpose of this project is to assess the importance of ultrasounds for the sexual selection of voles. Do the ultrasounds emitted by males influence the behaviour of females and are these sounds involved in intrasexual competition?

This research project will study the reaction of females to the play back of male ultrasounds and will also assess the influence of ultrasounds emitted by males of voles on the hormonal activity of conspecific and heterospecific females and on their sexual behavior. It will also examine the impact of ultrasounds emitted by males on the interaction between males which may be part of the competition. The main model for studying all these interactions will be two species of voles: bank vole and common vole. The behavioural and physiological reactions of voles will be analysed using preference tests and behavioural confrontation tests. All recordings will be later analyzed using computer software dedicated to sound analysis.

Additional information (e.g., Special requirements from the student): 

Recommended: previous experience in research on rodents, knowledge of behavioral tests on rodents as well as bioacoustics methods. Appropriate ethical permissions to work with vertebrate animals. Good English language, communication, and organizational skills.

Direct foreign collaboration is not planned but it is possible.

1. Kapusta J and Kruczek M. (2016). Ultrasonic reaction of bank vole males to the presence of

females varying in hormonal activity. Ethology 122: 468-480.

2. Marchlewska-Koj A, Kapusta J (2018). Vocalization of Adult Bank Voles. In: Stefan M.

Brudzynski, editor: Handbook of Ultrasonic Vocalization, Vol 25, HBBN, UK: Academic Press, 2018, pp. 217-225.

3. Merten S, Hoier S, Pfeifle Ch, Tautz D. (2014). A role for ultrasonic vocalization in social

communication and divergence of natural populations of the house mouse (Mus musculus

domesticus). PLoS  ONE 9: e97244.

IES – 11:  Mechanisms determining predatory behavior: insights from an experimental evolution on bank vole (Institute of Environmental Sciences)

Title: Mechanisms determining predatory behavior: insights from an experimental evolution on bank vole

Name of supervisor: prof. dr hab. Paweł Koteja ( [email protected] )/dr Edyta Sadowska ( [email protected] )

One of the main challenges in biology is to understand the evolution of complex adaptations that allow realization of the astonishing variety of "lifestyles." Predator-prey interactions are important components in ecological communities, where under the pressure of natural selection, predators have evolved a variety of behavioral, morphological and/or physiological adaptations for detecting, catching, killing, and digesting prey. The examples include the wolf with its cooperate hunting skills, the cheetah - the world’s fastest land animal, the golden eagle with excellent eyesight that allows to spot even a small prey from the great height, or the grasshopper mouse Onychomys , hunting on cotton rats that are three times their weight. The predatory behavior is important not only from the ecological and evolutionary, but also from biomedical perspective. It is surprising that our knowledge concerning biological mechanism determining the predatory aggression is very limited, especially in comparison with that concerning conspecific-directed aggressive behavior.

Characterization of details of the predatory behavior to learn whether the selection increased only the propensity to attack, or also the hunting skills. Is selection for predatory behavior caused changes in conspecific-directed aggression? Assessing the contribution of “nature – nurture” effects on the behavioral differences between the predatory and control lines. Uncovering the mechanisms underlying the differences due to selection for predatory behavior, we will investigate hormones, neurotransmitters and brain activity activated by recent experience with crickets.

We will use our unique experimental evolution model system: lines of a rodent, the bank vole, selected for predatory behaviour. The biochemical and neurological methods will be used to uncover the mechanisms underlying the differences due to selection for predatory behaviour. We will apply a cross-fostering experiment in which new born voles will be exchanged between mothers from the selected and control lines. This will allow to test whether rearing by a predatory mother increases predatory propensity of an individual independently of its genetic background. Samples of tissues will be preserved for follow-up project focused on for investigation of the molecular background (gene expression level).

Additional information:

- strong English language, communication, organizational and collaboration skills.

- Previous experience with small mammals, neuro-physiology, and/or evolutionary biology are considered advantageous.

Jennifer Hoy, University of Nevada, Reno

1. Sadowska, E. T., K. Baliga-Klimczyk, K. M. Chrzascik, and P. Koteja. 2008. Laboratory model of adaptive radiation: A selection experiment in the bank vole. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 81:627-640

2. Hoy, J. L. et al. 2019. Defined cell types in superior colliculus make distinct contributions to prey capture behavior in the mouse. Current Biology. 29, 4130-8 e5.

3. Shang, C. et al. 2 A subcortical excitatory circuit for sensory-triggered predatory hunting in mice. Nature Neuroscience 22, 909-920.

IES – 12:  The ecological dynamics of insect microbiomes (Institute of Environmental Sciences)

Topic: The ecological dynamics of insect microbiomes

Name of supervisor:  dr hab. Piotr Łukasik ( [email protected] )

Insects frequently associate with microbes, forming different types of symbiotic associations that often play critical roles in insect biology. We know that the microbial abundance, community composition, and roles vary among insect species, but they also differ among populations, sampling dates, and among individuals sampled from a population at the same time. However, our understanding of the microbiome abundance and diversity patterns across insects, and factors that drive these patterns, remain very limited.

The goal of the proposed project is a broad, comprehensive survey of insect microbial symbioses. We will do this in close collaboration with Insect Biome Atlas (IBA), a project that samples flying insects at hundreds of sites in Sweden and Madagascar. We will use large numbers of insects from that collection for the microbiome characterization using high-throughput next-generation sequencing. This approach will allow us to understand the microbiome composition across the taxonomic diversity of insects and describe the seasonal changes, geographic variation, and the effects of environmental factors on microbiomes of selected, broadly distributed species.

The Ph.D. Student will address the questions of how the microbiomes vary across insect diversity, space, and time, and how host-specific symbiotic microbes are.

The student's main task will be the bioinformatic analysis of large amounts of insect microbiome composition and abundance data. They may also participate in phylogenomics and comparative genomics characterization of broadly distributed microbial clades. They will be encouraged to contribute to field collections, to work with international collaborators on the selection and preparation of insect specimens for the microbiome characterization, and to participate in high-throughput sample processing and next-generation sequencing library preparation. The student will be encouraged to work closely with other team members and project collaborators, including Insect Biome Atlas consortium members in Sweden and prof. Rudolf Meier at Humboldt University in Berlin.

Additional information (e.g special requirements from the student):

The successful candidate will have an M.Sc. degree in a relevant field by September 2020. They will be able to demonstrate interest in Evolution, Entomology, Microbiology, and/or Genomics; experience with, or a keen interest in learning, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology; and strong English language, communication, and organizational skills. Previous experience in ecology, evolution and especially symbioses, molecular biology, microbiome surveys, phylogenomics and/or comparative genomics, and willingness to travel are advantageous.

For more information about the project and the research group, please check symbio.eko.uj.edu.pl

Fredrik Ronquist, Swedish Museum of Natural History

Rudolf Meier, Humboldt University, Berlin.

1. Moran N.A., McCutcheon J.P. & Nakabachi A. (2008): Genomics and evolution of heritable bacterial symbionts. Annual Review of Genetics 42:165-190.

https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev.genet.41.110306.130119

2. Oliver K.M., Smith A.H., Russell J.A. (2014): Defensive symbiosis in the real world–advancing ecological studies of heritable, protective bacteria in aphids and beyond.

Functional Ecology 28(2): 341-355. https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1365-2435.12133

3. Turelli M., Cooper B.S., Richardson K.M., et al. (2018): Rapid global spread of wRi-like Wolbachia across multiple Drosophila. Current Biology 28:963-971. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982218301696

IES – 13:  Soil temperature sensitivity under different stresses, the role of soil microbial communities (Institute of Environmental Sciences)

Topic: Soil temperature sensitivity under different stresses, the role of soil microbial communities

Name of supervisor: prof. dr hab. Maria Niklińska ( [email protected] )/dr Beata Klimek ( [email protected] )

One of the major consequences of climate change in European forest areas will be increased frequency and severity of heat and drought events. Despite decades of empirical research, the nature and magnitude of global warming on C cycling in European forest ecosystems are still uncertain. This is mainly due to independent or interactive effects of both biotic and abiotic factors. The chemical composition of the organic matter and temperature changes connected with soil moisture content are the main factors influencing soil microbiome and thus affecting the turnover rate of different elements in the soil environment.

Soil and its associated microbiome are fundamental and still often ignored components of the climate system. The distribution and function of soil microorganisms are important for the flow or organic matter and the biogeochemical cycles. However different group of microbes in different environmental conditions (e.g. pollution) may respond differently by accelerating or by alleviating, human caused climate change. Rapidly warming climate enhancing organic matter decomposition, creating a climate warming positive feedback loop which accelerates global warming.

The main objective of the planed research is to better understanding and harness forest soil microbiome responses to higher temperatures and altered soil water content and identification of soil parameters and microbiological factors controlling mitigation potential.

The more detailed  purpose of this project is to test if fungi dominated in coniferous, Pine forest growing in different polluted areas are the key microbial group responsible for soil temperature sensitivity.

Working with PhD student we want to compare the sensitivity of Scots pine forest organic matter to different temperature and try to find the not only physicochemical factors responsible for the diverse answer but also estimate relationship between microbial genetic and physiological diversity for temperature and water stress sensitivity. And the futher perspective, we want to check if still after more than three decades the pattern observed by our group for organic matter sensitivity to temperature changes is similar and close to our previous research and prediction and if exactly fungi in soil microbiome are the most responsible in carbon cycling process.

Planned experiments will based on soil laboratory incubation in different combinations of temperature and humidity and on measuring the soil respiration rates and different soil microbial communities properties like genetic structure of community (using Illumina sequencing), physiological profiles (using Biolog test),  microbial community structure (using PLFA method) and enzyme activities.

Additional information (e.g Special requirements from the student): 

The student will focus on the field and laboratory analysis of different soil and microbial properties. The PhD student should have base knowledge in ecology, especially global changes and their effects on global ecological processes. The experience in microbiological and molecular methods will be another advantage. Of course English language and team laboratory skills are also expected.

dr Hamed Azarbad Philipps University Marburg, Germany Prof. Rosa Margesin Professor of Microbiology. Institute of Microbiology Technikerstrasse 25 6020 Innsbruck Austria.

1. Klimek B., Chodak M., Jaźwa M., Azarbad H., Niklińska M. 2020. Soil physicochemical and microbial drivers of temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition under boreal forests. Pedosphere 30(4): 528-534.

2. Niklińska M., Maryański M., Laskowski R. 1999. Effect of temperature on humus respiration rate and nitrogen mineralization: Implication for global climate change. Biogeochemistry 44:239-257.

3. Tuomi M., Vanhala P, Karhu K., Fritze H., Liski J. 2008. Heterotrophic soil respiration- comparison of different models describing its temperature dependence. Ecological Modelling 211: 182-190.

IES – 14:  Population genomics of outbreaks - adaptive evolution in spruce bark beetle (Institute of Environmental Sciences)

Topic: Population genomics of outbreaks - adaptive evolution in spruce bark beetle

Name of supervisor: dr hab. Krystyna Nadachowska-Brzyska ( [email protected] )

A major goal in evolutionary biology is to understand which processes shape genetic diversity observed in natural populations. Classic population genetic theory provides a solid mathematical framework to study genetic variation and predict efficacy of natural selection relative to drift in equilibrium conditions, for example under constant population size. However, the majority of natural populations often experience large size fluctuations that make prediction less straightforward. For example, many pests experience epidemic outbreaks characterized by sudden changes in population size, often spanning orders of magnitude. Such outbreaks are known from ecological studies of closely monitored species of economic importance. However, little is known about the genetic consequences of outbreaks. Specifically, the rate of adaptive evolution during relatively short periods of large population size remains unknown. This can be studied in species which experience extreme fluctuations of population size, such as spruce bark beetle ( Ips typographus ). Spruce bark beetle is the most destructive pest of Norway spruce forests because under specific conditions (e.g. storms) populations may outbreak, causing mass mortalities of spruce stands.

The main purpose of this project is to test how extreme fluctuations in population size of outbreaking species affect the dynamics of adaptive genetic variation.

The PhD student will be working with large, whole genome resequencing data obtained from several populations and >500 individuals (short and long read sequencing). The PhD student will investigate selection patterns along the spruce bark beetle and among outbreaking and non-outbreaking populations. The analysis will include standard selection scans as well novel approaches to detect and distinguish between hard and soft sweeps.

The PhD project is a part of recently awarded project Population genomics of outbreaks - neutral and adaptive evolution in spruce bark beetle. The student will focus on the analysis of adaptive genome-wide variation and will closely collaborate with other members of the team that are focusing on theoretical investigations, neutral genome-wide variation and demographic history inference. The PhD student should have strong interest in Evolution, Molecular Ecology, Population Genetics and/or Genomics as well as experience with, or a keen interest in learning, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. Strong English language, communication, and organizational skills are essential.

prof. Fredrik Schlyter (SLU, Sweden), Prof. Paal Krokene (NIBIO, Norway)

1. Mayer, F. et al. Comparative multilocus phylogeography of two Palaearctic spruce bark beetles: Influence of contrasting ecological strategies on genetic variation. Mol. Ecol. 24, 1292–1310 (2015).

2. Pélissié, B. et al. Rapid evolution in insect pests: the importance of space and time in population genomics studies. Curr. Opin. Insect Sci. 1–9 (2018).

3. Hermisson J, Pennings PS. Soft sweeps and beyond: understanding the patterns and probabilities of selection footprints under rapid adaptation. Methods Ecol. Evol. 8:700–716 (2017).

IES – 15:  Winter feeding ecology of Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) (Institute of Environmental Sciences)

Topic: Winter feeding ecology of Eurasian lynx ( Lynx lynx )

Name of supervisor: dr hab. Izabela Wierzbowska ( [email protected] )

The Eurasian lynx ( Lynx lynx ) is a stalking predator that mainly hunts on ungulates. In Northern and Central Europe lynxes forage on their prey, mainly roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus ), between 2 and 8 days but consumption time can increase with a larger prey, e.g. red deer ( Cervus elaphus ). The choice of the most suitable hunting areas can be driven by prey abundance and landscape attributes influencing prey catchability. There are several factors which can affect feeding behaviour of lynxes including habitat and seasonal characteristics such as presence of snow and vegetation as well as scavenging and kleptoparasitism. The presence of lynx in the proximity of its prey can be prolonged mainly to prevent prey losses.

The aim of this project is to find out information about lynx behaviour in context of its prey: i) to study type and fate of lynx prey mainly ii) how long lynx is foraging on its prey and iii) if there are other species present near the prey utilizing it as well. At present, most studies have been done in Białowieża Primeval Forest and almost nothing is known about lynx population in southern Poland.

The use of non-invasive methods including camera traps. The potential candidate of this project will be involved in the fieldwork in Małopolska region (mainly Gorce National Park and Babia Góra National Park (tracking on snow, search of lynx prey in winter, location and deployment of camera traps in close proximity to lynx prey) and using multidimensional statistical geospatial analyses of collected data.

Special requirements from the student: experience in field work, ability to track animals on snow and experience with the use of camera traps. Good or very good command of English.

Place/name of potential foreign collaborator: Dr John D.C. Linnell Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Norway

Reference(s):

Duľa, M., Krofel, M. 2020. A cat in paradise: hunting and feeding behaviour of Eurasian lynx among abundant naive prey. Mamm Biol 100:685–690. Herrero, A., Heikkinen, J. & Holmala, K. 2020. Movement patterns and habitat selection during dispersal in Eurasian lynx. Mamm Res 65:523–533. Teurlings, I.J.M.; Odden, J.; Linnell, J.D.C.; Melis, C. 2020. Caching Behavior of Large Prey by Eurasian Lynx: Quantifying the Anti-Scavenging Benefits. Diversity 12, 350. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12090350

IZBR –16: Infant social development, breastfeeding, and breast milk composition (Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research)

Institute: Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research    

Topic: Infant social development, breastfeeding, and breast milk composition

Supervisor: dr hab. Anna Ziomkiewicz-Wichary ( [email protected] ) 

The development of early social communication skills in infants and young children remains under the constant interest of psychologists (Hansen et al., 2018). These early social skills, such as eye gaze, joint attention, social referencing, and social orienting, are typically developed in the first two years of life in the context of everyday interactions (DeQuinzio et al. 2016). While several psychological factors were identified to drive the development of these skills, studies in this area usually ignore the effect of biological factors such as breastfeeding. Meanwhile, research shows that breastfeeding is an essential factor in facilitating the neurocognitive and temperamental development of infants and, as such, might be critical for the formation of communication skills.

This project seeks to understand the association between breastfeeding and the development of infant social skills during the first year of life. In particular, this project will investigate the effect of breastfeeding patterns (number and duration of breastfeeding episodes during the day) and breast milk composition (main milk nutrients and fatty acids) are related to the development of early social communication skills in 1-year old infants.

The project is based on the pre-existing data set collected during the grant awarded to the supervisor. During the project, around 150 infants, aged about 12 months, were filmed while participating in The Early Social Communication Scales (ESCS) tasks (Mundy et al., 2003).

ESCS is a videotaped structured observation designed to provide measures of individual differences in nonverbal communication skills that typically emerge in children between 8 and 30 months of age. Also, data about breastfeeding pattern and breastmilk composition (the content of lactose, protein, fats, fatty acids, and energy value of milk) was collected when infants were around five and twelve months old. The examined associations will be controlled for infant temperamental characteristics and markers of infant biological development. The role of a Ph.D. candidate will be to analyze the videotaped tasks and further to conduct the necessary statistical analysis to test the potential associations. During her/his work, the candidate will collaborate with the Institute of Psychology, Department of Developmental Psychology, and if agreed with program COGNES (Ph.D. in Cognitive Neuroscience) of Jagiellonian University.

Leiden University, Department of Clinical Psychology, Dr Marieke Tollenaar

 Hansen, S. G., Carnett, A., & Tullis, C. A. (2018). Defining early social communication skills: A systematic review and analysis. Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 2(1), 116-128.  DeQuinzio, J. A., Poulson, C. L., Townsend, D. B., & Taylor, B. A. (2016). Social referencing and children with autism. The Behavior Analyst, 39(2), 319–331.  Mundy, P., Delgado, C., Block, J., Venezia, M., Hogan, A., & Seibert, J. (2003). Early social communication scales (ESCS). Coral Gables, FL: University of Miami.

IZBR –17: Macrophage polarization and osteoclast formation on contact with bioactive materials (growth surfaces and scaffolds) (Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research)

Institute: Institute Zoology and Biomedical Research

Topic: Macrophage polarization and osteoclast formation on contact with bioactive materials (growth surfaces and scaffolds)

Name of supervisor:  dr hab. Anna M. Osyczka, prof. UJ.

Background information: Bioactive materials are cell-friendly materials that are not bioinert and display some benefits to the given cell population due to their inherent physico-chemical properties. We study the materials that contain bioactive glasses and/or polyphenols, both well recognized in literature for their osteoinductive and/or anti-inflammatory properties, respectively. We wish to explore the potential of some of them to drive macrophage polarization and/or osteoclast formation and bone remodeling.

The main question to be addressed in the project: To what extend the selected osteoinductive materials display anti-inflammatory properties (this includes the studies on macrophage polarization) and affect bone remodeling (with the focus on osteoclast formation) and by what biological mechanisms

Information on the methods/description of work: The work will focus on in vitro cell culture on the selected bioactive materials and cell molecular analyses (gene and protein expression, signal transduction mechanisms and related standard cell biology technics) using animal and human cell lines and/or primary cells. Some of the results may be eventually verified in vivo in an animal model (most likely a rabbit model). 

Additional information (e.g Special requirements from the student): The candidate should have proven experience in cell culture and standard molecular analyses of celsl and tissues, such as gene and protein expression analyses, immunohistochemistry, cytometry etc . She/he should also have good knowledge (the experience is a plus) regarding the biomaterials, their physico-chemical properties and biological responses to them.

Place/name of potential foreign collaborator: The potential collaborators may include several different Institutes/Universities placed in Poland, but they may as well extend at some point to collaborators in the UK, USA and other countries.

Jumana R. Alhamdi et al. Controlled M1-to-M2 transition of aged macrophages by calcium phosphate coatings; Biomaterials 196 (2019) 90e99 Krzysztof Łukowicz et al. The role of CaO/SiO2 ratio and P2O5 content in gel-derived bioactive glass-polymer composites in the modulation of their bioactivity and osteoinductivity in human BMSCs; Materials Science & Engineering C 109 (2020) 110535 M. Łączka et al. Bioactivity and osteoinductivity of glasses and glass-ceramics and their material determinants; Ceramics International 42 (2016) 14313–14325

IZBR –18: Astrocytes as the target of anti-epileptic action of ketogenic diet (Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research)

Institute: Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Reasearch

Topic: Astrocytes as the target of anti-epileptic action of ketogenic diet

Name of supervisor: prof. dr hab. Zuzanna Setkowicz-Janeczko ( [email protected] )  

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) brings serious therapeutic problems to clinical neurology. Its pathogenesis is complex and multifactorial. One of the most common consequences of traumatic brain injury is epilepsy. The current state of knowledge resulting from experimental and clinical trials clearly indicates the strong need for further search for new effective strategies to minimize consequences of brain damage and, at the same time, prevent the development of epilepsy. Among the various treatments ameliorating neurodegenerative changes in the posttraumatic conditions, a ketogenic diet (KD) was used. This is a special, restrictive high-fat diet without carbohydrates and with very low protein content. As demonstrated by the ketogenic diet used after TBI in one-month-old rats, it reduces the area of brain damage, suppresses apoptosis, and improves results in neurological tests. In response to CNS damage, astrocytes react with a series of morphological and functional changes and contribute to  the glial scar formation, which, among others, can interfere with neuronal excitability triggering seizures and epileptogenesis or can also increase susceptibility to seizuregenic agents.

In this situation, given the results of our recent research (1,2), it is important to verify the hypothesis that a long-term ketogenic diet, applied after the brain damage, will change the properties of astrocytes, thereby weakening the epileptogenic nature of the glial scar . To verify this hypothesis, we suggest a sequence experiments generally described below:

1. Mechanical damage of the cerebral hemisphere in rats at two stages of postnatal life, followed by 4-month-lasting treatment with the ketogenic diet;

2. Induction of seizures (in rats treated with ketogenic diet after the brain damage) combined with electroencephalographic recordings before, during and after seizures occurrence;

3. Assessments of changes in behavioral symptoms, EEG spectra and transformations of cellular elements in the injured brains of rats treated with ketogenic diet.

Additional information (e.g Special requirements from the student):

Practical experience and theoretical knowledge concerning the following research activities, techniques and methods is expected in candidates: diet administration, blood collection (every week for about 500 animals), nervous tissue histological processing, immunohistochemical staining, behavioral tests, observation and scoring of animal seizure behavior, preliminary data analysis, animal care under anesthesia conditions, following EEG transmitter implantation and during EEG signal acquisition, photographic documentation, assistance in preparation of scientific reports. Of particular importance is the ability to perform statistical calculations and present their results at conferences.

1. MRI spectroscopic and tractography studies indicate consequences of long-term ketogenic diet.

Brain Struct Funct. 2020 Sep;225(7):2077-2089.

2. The Impact of the Ketogenic Diet on Glial Cells Morphology. A Quantitative Morphological Analysis. Neuroscience. 2019 Aug 10;413:239-251.

3. Various ketogenic diets can differently support brain resistance against experimentally evoked seizures and seizure-induced elemental anomalies of hippocampal formation. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2017 Jul;42:50-58.

IZBR –19: The influence of interspecific gene flow on the integrity of mitonuclear coadaptation (Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research)

Institute: Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research

Topic: The influence of interspecific gene flow on the integrity of mitonuclear coadaptation 

Name of supervisor: Dr hab. Maciej Pabijan ( [email protected] )  

Proteins encoded by interacting mitochondrial and nuclear genes catalyze essential metabolic processes such as oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. The direct interaction of these proteins requires cooperation between mitonuclear allele combinations. However, the two genomes have different modes of inheritance, recombination and mutation rates. These differences have the potential to coerce reciprocal changes in interacting OXPHOS genes (mitonuclear coadaptation). In hybridizing species, mismatched combinations (mitonuclear incompatibilities), i.e. OXPHOS protein complexes with subunits from both of the parental species, could result in inferior enzymatic performance and reduced fitness of hybrid progeny. Selection for the maintenance of integrity of coadapted mitonuclear gene complexes may have major consequences for local adaptation, reproductive isolation and speciation. However, apart from a few systems, little is known of the role of mitonuclear match and mismatch on speciation. In particular, the extent of mitonuclear coadaptation among closely related species and the dynamics of mitonuclear associations in hybridizing species are not well understood. Moreover, the fitness effects of mitonuclear incompatibilities have been assessed in very few species.

What is the effect of gene flow via hybridization on co-adapted mitonuclear gene complexes? Do co-adapted complexes flow more freely between hybridizing species than randomly chosen nuclear loci?

The 1st aim of the project will be an assessment of mitonuclear co-adaptation across a broad panel of hybridizing amphibian species, including deeply divergent lineages within species.

The 2nd stage of the project will take advantage of several amphibian species complexes in which the mtDNA of one species has introgressed onto the nuclear background of a different species, with purportedly little or no nuclear gene flow. We will test the hypothesis that mtDNA replacement has entailed the introgression of coadapted nuclear genes due to strong selection for mitonuclear integrity.

The third aim of the project, contingent on the results of stage 2, will check for differential performance of lineages with mismatched mitochondrial and nuclear OXPHOS components, with an aim to assess whole organism (i.e. tadpole) fitness. We hypothesize that mismatched individuals will have lower fitness under a range of environmental gradients.

A major component of the project will involve labwork and bioinformatics using targeted sequencing approaches after establishing gene models from transcriptome/genomic data for each of the species complexes. Samples from some systems, as well as transcriptomes, will be available from collaborators. In other systems, the project will involve de novo collection of data, including field work (collection of tissue samples from selected species complexes including Pelophylax, Lissotriton, Ichthyosaura). New transcriptomes will be generated if necessary. Hypothesis tests will be centered around the assumptions that, if there is selection maintaining the integrity of co-adapted OXPHOS complexes across species boundaries, then genetic differentiation between hybridizing species at OXPHOS genes should be lower compared to a random sample of nuclear genes. On the other hand, we should observe higher linkage disequilibrium among OXPHOS genes as well as genealogical discordance between OXPHOS genes and a randomly selected set of nuclear genes. Further work will involve the husbandry of amphibian larvae for experimental fitness assays.

Additional information (e.g Special requirements from the student): Candidates are expected to have a strong interest in evolutionary biology and a basic knowledge of molecular ecology. The PhD student may be entitled to a separate stipend from the National Science Centre of Poland.

Place/name of potential foreign collaborator: CIBIO - Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, University of Porto, Portugal

Gershoni, M., Templeton, A. R., & Mishmar, D. (2009). Mitochondrial bioenergetics as a major motive force of speciation. Bioessays, 31(6), 642-650. Morales, H. E., Pavlova, A., Amos, N., Major, R., Kilian, A., Greening, C., & Sunnucks, P. (2018). Concordant divergence of mitogenomes and a mitonuclear gene cluster in bird lineages inhabiting different climates. Nature Ecology & Evolution 2(8), 1258. Hill, G. E. (2019). Reconciling the mitonuclear compatibility species concept with rampant mitochondrial introgression. Integrative and Comparative Biology, doi: 10.1093/icb/icz019

IZBR –20: An evaluation of the action of next-generation bisphenols in the ovary (Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research)

Topic: An evaluation of the action of next-generation bisphenols in the ovary.

Name of supervisor: dr hab. Anna Ptak, prof. UJ ( [email protected] )             

Background information: Bisphenol A (BPA) was an important chemical building block in the plastics industry, making it one of the most common commercial products in the world. Increasing concern over BPA, as an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) and its possible effect on human health, has prompted the removal of BPA from consumer products, often labelled “BPA-free”. We believe that the subsequent introduction of BPA-free products, although a master marketing strategy, is in reality only the beginning of a new chapter of the BPA story. Bisphenol-S, F, B, and AF named next-generation bisphenols (NextGen bisphenols), are already used as the main BPA alternatives in consumer goods [1]. As a consequence, the presence of many NextGen bisphenols in environmental media, foodstuffs, consumer products, and humans urine from different regions of the world are observing [2]. Considering that the worldwide production and consumption of NextGen bisphenols are increasing dramatically, the number of individuals that are occupationally exposed to these compounds is, consequently, increasing every year. Thus, it is of pivotal importance for humans health to characterize their biological effects, especially on the reproductive system, which is a target for EDCs [3].

The main question to be addressed in the project: The main aim of the project is to verify if NextGen bisphenols are endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the ovary and which disorders are connected with these exposures.

Information on the methods/description of work: Experiments in the proposed research project will be performed using in vitro methods. We intend to identify whether individual NextGen bisphenols (like BPS, BPF), could disrupt human ovarian steroidogenesis by modulating the expression of key steroidogenic enzyme. Next, we plan determinate whether NextGen bisphenols could modulate the biology of ovarian cells via the “classical” and “non-classical” estrogen receptor signaling pathways. Importantly, the animal model will allow for the evaluation of NextGen bisphenols influence at oocyte quality and potential success in the reproduction.

The analysis will be carried out with the use of following assays: in vitro cell culture, RT-qPCR, siRNA transfection, Western blot, ELISA assay, Fluorescence assay and staining, Luminescence assay.

Special requirements from the student: Experience in cell culture, molecular biology techniques like ELISA, fluorometric and/or colorimetric analysis, and proteomic analysis; ii) completed courses on Endocrinology and Hormonally Active Compounds in the Environment.

[1] Lehmler HJ, Liu B, Gadogbe M, Bao W. Exposure to Bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, and Bisphenol S in U.S. Adults and Children: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2014. ACS Omega 2018; 3, 6523-6532.

[2] Chen D, Kannan K, Tan H, Zheng Z, Feng YL, Wu Y, Widelka M. Bisphenol Analogues Other Than BPA: Environmental Occurrence, Human Exposure, and Toxicity-A Review. Environ Sci Technol. 2016; 50: 5438-53.

[3] Ptak A, Hoffmann M, Rak A. The ovary as a target organ for bisphenol a toxicity. Book title: Bisphenol A: exposure and health risks, 2017;  57-73, ISBN 978-935-51-3218-9, Publisher: InTech.

IZBR –21: The role of interpeduncular nucleus – ventral hippocampus axis in anxiety-related behaviours (Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research) 

Topic: The role of interpeduncular nucleus – ventral hippocampus axis in anxiety-related behaviours

Name of supervisor: dr hab. Anna Błasiak ( [email protected] )

Anxiety disorders are currently the most common neuropsychiatric condition, affecting up to 34% of the global population. Yet the precise neural circuits and molecular mechanisms involved in anxiety control remain unclear (Bandelow and Michaelis, 2015). Considerable experimental data indicate that the midbrain interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) and innervated by this structure ventral hippocampus (vHipp), are critical for anxiety expression and necessary for the emergence of aversive states (McLaughlin et al., 2017). Importantly, environmental stressors, aggressiveness and anxiety-like behaviours significantly affect the expression of nerve-growth factor (NGF) in certain brain areas and NGF levels in the bloodstream both in animal models and in humans (Bersani et al., 2000). In this regard, it was show that the brain area that is characterized by one of the highest expression levels of NGF receptor - tropomyosin receptor kinase-A (TrkA), is the IPN. These data underpin the hypothesis that the IPN-vHipp axis is a crucial component of the network controlling anxiety behaviour and that IPN is a site of anxiety related NGF action.

Despite emerging evidence for a role of IPN and vHipp in the control of anxiety, the nature of IPN-vHipp innervation and its role in shaping anxiety behaviour remain uncharacterized. Therefore, the major goals of the proposed research are to investigate the functional connectivity and neurochemical profile of the IPN-vHipp circuit, the role of this pathway in anxiety-related behaviours, and the impact of NGF signaling in shaping IPN neuronal activity, and consequently, anxiety behaviours.

In studies to elucidate the nature of the interaction between IPN and vHipp at the cellular level, ex vivo patch-clamp recordings of rat vHipp neuronal activity during optogenetic activation of fibres originating in IPN will be performed. Moreover, patch clamp recordings will be used to verify NGF actions on IPN neurons. Multiplex in situ hybridization, immunohistochemical and neural tract-tracing studies in rats, will characterize the neurotransmitters and receptors expressed by neurons comprising the IPN-vHipp circuit. Finally, behavioral experiments in rats, employing chemogenetics will test how the IPN-vHipp circuit is involved in anxiety-related behaviours.

Candidates with previous experience in electrophysiological ex vivo recordings, analysis of electrophysiological data, preparation of tissues for subsequent anatomical studies and immunohistochemical techniques.

Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia/Professor Andrew Gundlach

1.  Bandelow, B., Michaelis, S., 2015. Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the 21st century. Dialogues Clin. Neurosci. 17, 327–335.

2.  Bersani, G., Iannitelli, A., Fiore, M., Angelucci, F., Aloe, L., 2000. Data and hypotheses on the role of nerve growth factor and other neurotrophins in psychiatric disorders. Med. Hypotheses 55, 199–207.

3.  McLaughlin, I., Dani, J.A., De Biasi, M., 2017. The medial habenula and interpeduncular nucleus circuitry is critical in addiction, anxiety, and mood regulation. J. Neurochem. 142,

IZBR –22: Immunometabolism of leukocytes of innate immunity: intravital imaging approach (Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research)

Institute: Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research 

Topic:  Immunometabolism of leukocytes of innate immunity: intravital imaging approach

Name of supervisor:  dr hab. Elżbieta Kołaczkowska, prof. UJ ( [email protected] )                                                     

Immunometabolism, an interdisciplinary branch of biomedical research, focuses on intracellular metabolic pathways in leukocytes that alter their function and thus impact immune responses. Also the other way around, metabolic state of the organism impacts behavior and functioning of immune cells. Thus overall, the immunometabolism at either cellular or organismal level is a deciding factor in disease development and/or course and represents a potential therapeutic goal. Whereas majority of studies on immunometabolism focuses on either macrophages or lymphocytes and in in vitro settings, herein we aim to investigate the metabolic-immune interactions also of other innate immune cells, especially of neutrophils, and follow them in vivo , in a living organism. Any disease is connected to inflammation, be it the inducing factor that becomes chronic or a consequence of malfunctioning of a given molecule or process. But whereas the inflammatory response follows similar steps independently of the cause, its consequences differ in regard to its duration (acute vs. chronic) and extend/severity (local vs. systemic). These aspects of immunometabolism were not explored thus far whereas remain critical in our understanding of (any) disease progression.

Does what we know on immunometabolism from in vitro studies apply also to complex biological in vivo milieu? If so, can we manipulate metabolically either the environment or leukocytes to adjust their parameters/functions in favor of disease ceasing? What are the differences between leukocyte metabolism in the course of acute/chronic and local/systemic inflammation? To answer the questions, extensive studies on mouse disease(s) models will be undertaken and apart of standard biomedical tools intravital microscopic analyses will be employed to investigate dynamic biological processes occurring in live mice in real time.

Intravital ( in vivo ) microscopy, confocal microscopy, large-scale studies on mouse models,  Western blot, ELISA, immunocytochemistry, ex vivo cell culture (siRNA silencing, miRNA).

Special requirements from the student: experience in working with mice, knowledge of confocal microscopy, ability to use the above mentioned methods, knowledge of English in speech and writing, openness to learning, teamwork skills. Experience is immunometabolic studies (immunological and biochemical methods and/or degree in immunology/biochemistry) is highly welcome although not required.

-Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium / Prof. Ghislain Opdenakker

- Centre for Inflammatory Disease Monash Health, Monash University, Sydney, Australia / Prof. Connie Wong

Cichon I, Ortmann W, Santocki M, Opydo-Chanek M, Kolaczkowska E. Scrutinizing Mechanisms of the 'Obesity Paradox in Sepsis': Obesity Is Accompanied by Diminished Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) Due to Restricted Neutrophil-Platelet Interactions. Cells. 2021;10:384. Kolaczkowska E, Jenne CN, Surewaard BG, Thanabalasuriar A, Lee WY, Sanz MJ, Mowen K, Opdenakker G, Kubes P. Molecular mechanisms of NET formation and degradation revealed by intravital imaging in the liver vasculature. Nat Commun. 2015;6:6673. Dal-Secco D, Wang J, Zeng Z, Kolaczkowska E, Wong CH, Petri B, Ransohoff RM, Charo IF, Jenne CN, Kubes P. A dynamic spectrum of monocytes arising from the in situ reprogramming of CCR2+ monocytes at a site of sterile injury. J Exp Med. 2015;212:447-56. Kolaczkowska E, Kubes P. Neutrophil recruitment and function in health and inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol. 2013;13:159-75.

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Formal entry requirements for entering the admission procedure.

Candidates eligible to apply for admission to the doctoral school are holders of Magister (master), Magister inżynier (master engineer), or equivalent title awarded in any field of study.

Candidate eligible to apply for admission to the doctoral school is also a person referred to in Article 186(2) of the Polish Law on Higher Education and Science Act, i.e. a person who does not hold a Magister (master), Magister inżynier (master engineer), or equivalent title, who has graduated from a first-cycle programme, or who has completed third year of a long-cycle Magister-level programme, in case justified by the highest quality of their academic achievements.

Language of the admission procedure

List of documents required for the calculation of the final result, academic cv, enclosed with a list of publications and conference papers.

The CV is filled out online in an electronic form in the OAS upon the submission of the application. The CV comprises of the following elements: education (undergraduate, graduate, post diploma, doctoral), academic interests, publications, participation in conferences, academic and professional experience, courses, trainings, workshops, scholarships, awards, distinctions, other achievements.

Recommendation letter

Recommendation letter, written by a fellow conducting research in the discipline, holding at least the academic degree of Doktor habilitowany, or holding at least the academic degree of Doktor and eligible to supervise the doctoral student as the principal supervisor.

Research proposal

Research proposal (character count: min. 10,000, max. 18,000, excluding spaces), comprising the following elements: title, keywords, aim/research problem, impact of the proposed research, research methods, research design and plan, and preliminary literature review.

The research proposal is filled out online in an electronic form in the OAS upon the submission of the application.

People referred to in Article 186(2) of the Act: letter of reference confirming exceptional quality of candidate’s research

Letter of reference confirming exceptional quality of the research conducted by the candidate and the advanced progress of the research, written by candidate’s academic supervisor holding at least the academic degree of Doktor habilitowany, or a fellow employed at a foreign university or research institution who has significant achievements in research problems related to the education program.

The letter of reference is uploaded in the OAS as a scanned filed in an electronic form filled out upon the submission of the application.

Candidates qualified for admission to the School will be notified on the mode, place, and date for the enrolment in their system account.

The enrolment procedure consists in delivering the following documents to the School, in a mode described in the enrolment notification:

• application form downloaded from the system, including candidate’s photograph, together with other documents downloaded from the system from under the link “Documents and further steps” in the table of the application for this programme,
• copy of a higher education diploma entitling its holder (the candidate) to enrol into doctoral-level education, with the original document available for inspection,
• for inspection: original copies of documents uploaded in the system upon submission of the application.

During the enrolment procedure, candidate has to present their identity document: a valid passport or national ID.

Candidate applying for admission to the School based on Article 186(2) (on the basis of the reference letters confirming the exceptional quality of candidate’s research, or on the basis of the certificate confirming their status as a beneficiary of the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education “Diamond Grant” programme) submit their diploma of graduation from first-cycle studies, or a certificate of completion of the third year of long-cycle Magister programme as the diploma entitling them to enrol into doctoral-level education.

Using foreign-issued diplomas in Poland

Higher education diplomas obtained outside of Poland must be affixed with apostille clause or legalized. This serves as the basis for acknowledging foreign documents as valid in the territory of Poland. In case of documents issued in countries which are parties to the Hague Convention of 5 October 1961 (Dz.U. [IJL] of 2005, No 112, item 938), an apostille has to be obtained. The list of countries and institutions responsible in each country for issuing apostille may be found  here . Please note that apostille issued in a different language than Polish or English has to be translated.

Legalization, similarly to apostille, confirms the authenticity of a document issued in a country other than Poland. Documents have to be legalized if obtaining an apostille is not possible because the country that issued the document is not a party to the Hague Convention mentioned above. If the diploma was issued in such country, you need to contact the institution responsible in this country for legalizing documents for use abroad. After obtaining initial confirmation, you will need to contact the Polish diplomatic post in the country of issue of the document in order to finalise legalization of the document.

Translation into Polish or English

Every document issued in a language other than Polish or English has to be enclosed with its certified “sworn” translation into Polish or English. Translation should be certified by:

• Polish sworn translator (person entered into the registry of sworn translators and interpreters kept by the Polish Minister of Justice; see:  registry of translators ) or
• person registered in an equivalent function to the Polish sworn translator in a Member State of the European Union, Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein, or Switzerland, or another OECD country, or
• Polish consul proper for the country where the document was issued, or within the legal system of which the document was issued, or
• diplomatic mission, accredited in Poland, or consulate proper for the country where the document was issued, or within the legal system of which the document was issued.

Apostille clause or legalization issued in a different language than Polish or English must also be translated.

Additional documents

Depending on the candidate’s situation, additional documents may be required:

• power of attorney—if the candidate is represented by another person for the enrolment (can be downloaded from candidate’s account in the OAS if needed).

Each doctoral student admitted to Doctoral School, including foreigners, is automatically covered by health insurance, provided they do not have another basis for the insurance (e.g. employment, mandatory agreement, business activity, as a family member under 26 years old, as a spouse of an insured person). The contribution for the health insurance is paid by the Jagiellonian University and it is financed from the state budget. A doctoral student receiving doctoral scholarship is also covered by the mandatory retirement pension and social security insurance and by work accident insurance.

IMPORTANT: Person admitted to the Doctoral School begins their education and acquires doctoral student rights at the time of taking their oath. Office of Human Resources (Dział Spraw Osobowych) submits the mandatory health and social security insurance application on the behalf of each doctoral student, from the moment of commencement of the education, i.e. no earlier than from 1 October. Before that date candidates who are foreigners are responsible for covering their own insurance cost (travel insurance, medical insurance etc.).

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Our Psychology program was designed to give students a strong foundation in understanding human psychology. Because we are a small university, we’re able to focus on your career goals and tailor the program to meet your needs.

At UJ, small doesn’t mean less. We offer a large selection of courses, backed by individualized attention from your professors. Plus, with UJ’s community partnerships, you can pursue hands-on experience in a range of disciplines – all to prepare you for entering the workforce, pursuing master’s level work, or earning your doctoral degree.

A personalized educational experience

We want to help you meet your career goals. That’s why we personalize your undergraduate experience by offering two psychology degree tracks:

• Bachelor of Arts in Psychology

The Bachelor of Arts degree provides students with a solid grounding in psychological theory, research, and application. It is designed for students who will enter the workforce after graduation, or for students wishing to pursue graduate work in applied psychology at the master’s level (such as counseling) or in a related field (such as occupational therapy or social work).

2. Bachelor of Science in Psychology

The Bachelor of Science track is designed for students who plan to pursue doctoral degrees in some area of psychological research or clinical psychology. This track places greater emphasis on research, experimental design, and statistical analysis that culminates in the senior thesis.

Grow your skills

One of the goals of the Psychology Department is to foster the intellectual development of our students. We achieve this goal by examining various disciplines, including counseling theories/techniques and psychotherapy best practices, while remaining rooted in the liberal arts. This teaching style promotes strong writing, communication, and research skills—all of which are crucial to finding professional success. Upon graduation, you will have gained experience in:

• Research methods
• Critical thinking
• Interpersonal communication
• Writing in APA style
• Working collaboratively
• Understanding mental disorders and motivation theory
• Obtaining peer reviewed sources
• Understanding why people are the way they are
• Appreciating and accepting individual differences
• Managing mental health

Concentrations

Addiction Counseling It’s rare to find an Addiction Counseling Concentration offered at the undergraduate level. We designed this program to give students not interested in graduate school an option to still work as a Licensed Addiction Counselor following their four-year degree.

Students who concentrate on Addiction Counseling will apply to a 960-hour NDBACE approved training practicum. After successful completion, you will be eligible to sit for a licensure exam in North Dakota.

Course Details The following courses are required for certification as a Licensed Addiction Counselor by the state of North Dakota, along with successful application to a training consortium and completion of 960 hours of training practicum in addiction. These courses, when combined with the psychology core courses and an appropriate grade point average, will constitute a Bachelor of Arts degree in psychology with an addiction counseling concentration. Students are advised that certification as an addiction counselor in North Dakota requires a four-year degree in addiction studies or a closely related mental health field (i.e., psychology). Because some of these courses are offered only during summer sessions and many have prerequisites, students entering the addiction counseling concentration should carefully plan their program with their faculty advisor. Students should also work closely with a faculty advisor to prepare for training consortium deadlines.

Licensure Disclosure Statement:

The Psychology with Addiction Counseling Concentration BA Program meets the educational requirements for licensure at the level of Licensed Addiction Counselor (LAC) in North Dakota .

• Additional Requirements for Licensure in North Dakota: ( https://www.ndbace.org/licensing/licensure-requirements/ )
• Successful completion of a 960-hour clinical training practicum approved by the North Dakota Board of Addiction Counseling Examiners (NDBACE)
• Passing score on a NCAC-II or MAC examination approved by the NDBACE

The University of Jamestown has not determined if the Psychology with Addiction Counseling Concentration BA Program meets the educational requirements for licensure at the level of Licensed Addiction Counselor (LAC) in the following U.S. jurisdictions: AL, AK, AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY, AS, DC, FSM, GU, MH, MP, PW, PR, VI.

Licensing Board Contact Information

• Small class sizes allow for more personalized support and discussion.
• Learn from faculty who maintains a private practice in counseling.
• Academic advisor (who is also psychology faculty) is assigned on day one.

Acceptance rate

More than 95% of UJ Psychology students who apply to graduate school programs are accepted.

Become Licensed

UJ psychology students who complete the Addiction Counseling Concentration requirements are eligible to sit for the addiction counselor licensure exam in North Dakota.

In scholarships, grants, and waivers

This is the amount awarded to students in the 21-22 year.

Gain real-life experience.

Examine future careers.

To help you gain a better understanding of what your future can look like, all freshmen are required to take a course that examines psychology careers.

Individual Research Projects

Every student will conduct their own research project from start to finish. Students have the opportunity to present their findings at an annual research symposium and at regional professional conferences. Although these opportunities are often not available at state schools, we find research development is a strong point for graduate school admission committees and sets our students apart from most applicants.

Internships

Our internship program enables students to gain work experience and make informed career choices through supervised internships of a semester or more in length – many of which are available for credit.

UJ is located in what is often referred to as a “psychology town.” That means students can develop their skills working with a range of clients from the State Hospital, the Anne Carlson Center (serves individual with development disabilities), Triumph (assists individuals with physical and intellectual disabilities), the State Prison, and Safe Shelter (works with victims of domestic violence), among others.

Co-Curricular Activities

UJ has an active Psi Chi chapter (the international honor society in psychology) that recognizes scholastic achievement, and encourages leadership, research, and creativity within psychology. We also have a Student Psychology Association where students with similar interests meet to learn about different aspects of psychology, as well as graduate programs.

Plus two of the following courses

Total Semester Credits Required: 40

See Full Course Catalog

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University of Johannesburg UJ Courses and Requirements

UJ Admission Requirements

University of Johannesburg Courses and Requirements

To be able to gain access to a faculty and specific programmes, applicants are required to have the appropriate combination of recognised National Senior Certificate (NSC) subjects as well as certain levels of achievement in these subjects as set out in the UJ Undergraduate Prospectus.  University of Johannesburg UJ Prospectus

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Compliance with the minimum requirements does not guarantee a place as the University has a specific number of places as approved by the Department of Higher Education and Training for new undergraduate first years.

Conditional admission is based on the final Grade 11 results and final admission is based on the final Grade 12 results.  

Applicants must meet the criteria set by the relevant faculty with regard to their chosen academic subjects. All additional criteria for specific learning area specialisations, and/or specific subject methodologies have to be met as well. Special admission procedures for programmes include assessment for NBT (National Benchmark Test), guidance, evaluation and placement purposes, interviews and submission of portfolios of work.

Applicants may also be expected to write an admission or placement test for certain qualifications as per faculty requirements.

How to determine your Admission Point Score (APS):

A new Admission Point Score (APS) explained below has been developed for the National Senior Certificate (NSC) and the Independent Examinations Board (IEB) based on the Achievement Rating of each subject. The APS is basically the sum of the achievement ratings of the seven school subjects, keeping in mind that the performance rating achieved for Life Orientation must be divided by 2.  

Admission requirements for students obtaining the National Senior Certificate (NSC) / Independent Examinations Board (IEB) in 2013 or thereafter:

Abbreviations:

NSC: National Senior Certificate (completed Grade 12 in and after 2008)

SC HG: Senior Certificate Higher Grade (completed Grade 12 before 2008)

SC SG: Senior Certificate Standard Grade (completed Grade 12 before 2008)

IEB: Independent Examination Board

HIGCSE: Higher International General Certificate of Secondary Education

NSSC (HL): Namibia Senior Secondary Certificate (Higher Level)

IGCSE: International General Certificate of Secondary Education

NSSC (OL): Namibia Senior Secondary Certificate (Ordinary Level)

AS Level: Advanced Subsidiary Level

A Level: Advanced Level

IB (HL): International Baccalaureate Schools (Higher Levels)

IB (SL): International Baccalaureate Schools (Standard Levels)

University of Johannesburg Short Courses Offered

Continue accomplishing with uj – take a continuing education / short course programme.

Welcome to the UJ’s Short Learning Programme and Continuing Professional Development site.

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At the University of Johannesburg we strive to ensure the individuals who have moved into the world of work have a place to come back to where they can grow the skills they have achieved within their studies and on a day-to-day basis in their work. UJ offers a meeting place for individuals to continually upgrade, develop and hone their existing skills through Continuing Education

Programmes (CEPs), whether it is, whole credit bearing qualifications or non-credit bearing or credit bearing Short Learning Programmes (SLPs). These programmes are available all year round. In many cases they are specifically designed to meet the demands of business and industry.

A note on Continuing Education/Short Course Programmes:

• They are offered on NQF level 5 and above, in line with the HEQSF.

• Generates less than 120 credits, but can also be non credit bearing, depending on the purpose of the programme.

• Duration – various periods.

• Language of instruction is English

Online Application Process:

Short Learning Programmes can only be applied for online.

Please note the following:

• No application fee will be charged for online applications.

• If you have previously applied and have a UJ student number, please call the UJ Call Centre (011 559 4555) to ensure that your cell number and email address are captured on our student database.

This will ensure you receive a PIN number to complete the online application process.

A first-time applicant must follow the steps below to apply online:

Step 1 : Go to  www.uj.ac.za/Apply   (click here) and select online web application.

Step 2:  Thereafter select First-Time Applicant. Read the instructions and scroll down to the online application link.

Step 3 : Thereafter complete your biographical information, which will lead you to receiving a student number.

Please keep an eye on the UJ webpage to see if there are any changes to the instructions for applying online.

The University will inform you, in writing, should your application be successful

Faculties’ Short Learning Programmes & contact points

These Continuing Education Programmes are subject to change and availability

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MEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) Research Based MEng (Mechanical Engineering) Research Based MEng (Civil Engineering) Research Based MEng (Engineering Management) Lectured MEng (Engineering Management) Research Based MEng (Structural Engineering) Coursework

MAGISTER PHILOSOPHIAE DEGREE PROGRAMMES (MPhil)

MPhil (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) Research Based MPhil (Mechanical Engineering) Research Based MPhil (Civil Engineering) Research Based MPhil (Engineering Management) Lectured MPhil (Engineering Management) Research Based

DOCTORAL TECHNOLOGIAE DEGREE PROGRAMMES (DTech)

DTech (Engineering: Mechanical) DTech (Extraction Metallurgy) DTech (Engineering Metallurgy)

DOCTORAL DEGREE PROGRAMMES (PhD)

PhD (Chemical Engineering) PhD (Civil Engineering) PhD (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) PhD (Engineering Management) PhD (Mechanical Engineering) PhD (Metallurgy Engineering) PhD (Operations Management)

FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

FURTHER NATIONAL HIGHER DIPLOMA PROGRAMMES

FNHD (Advanced Midwifery and Neonatal Nursing Science) FNHD (Community Health Nursing Science) FNHD (Medical and Surgical Nursing Science: Critical Nursing (General) FNHD (Occupational Health Nursing) FNHD (Primary Health Care: Clinical Nursing, Diagnosis, Treatment and Care) FNHD (Nursing Administration) FNHD (Nursing Education)

MASTER’S DEGREE PROGRAMMES Master of Emergency Medical Care Master of Nursing Science Master of Public Health MPhil (Optometry) MPhil (Biokinetics) MPhil / MCom (Sport Management) MPhil (Sport Science)

MASTER’S OF TECHNOLOGY DEGREE PROGRAMMES (MTech) MTech (Biomedical Technology) MTech (Environmental Health) MTech (Podiatry) MTech (Radiography) MTech (Somatology)

DOCTORAL OF TECHNOLOGY DEGREE PROGRAMMES (DTech) DTech (Biomedical Technology) DTech (Environmental Health) DTech (Homoeopathy) DTech (Radiography)

DOCTORAL DEGREE PROGRAMMES Doctor in Nursing Science DPhil (Biokinetics) DPhil / DCom (Sport Management) DPhil (Optometry) DPhil (Sport Science)

FACULTY OF HUMANITIES

MASTER’S DEGREE PROGRAMMES (MA)

MA (African Languages) Coursework MA (African Languages) Research Master’s MA (Afrikaans) Gedoseer MA (Afrikaans) Verhandeling MA (Anthropology) Research Master’s MA (Applied Linguistics) Coursework MA (Applied Linguistics) Research Master’s MA (Audiovisual Communication) Coursework MA (Audiovisual Communication) Research Master’s MA (Biblical Studies) Research Master’s MA (Clinical Psychology) Coursework MA (Clinical Social Work) Coursework MA (Communication Studies) Coursework MA (Communication Studies) Research Master’s MA (Community Development) Coursework MA (Corporate Communication) Research Master’s MA (Counselling Psychology) Coursework MA (Development Studies) Coursework MA (Development Studies) Research Master’s MA (English) Coursework MA (English) Research Master’s MA (French) Research Master’s MA (Greek) Coursework MA (Greek) Research Master’s

MA (Historical Studies) Research Master’s MA (Industrial Sociology) Coursework MA (Industrial Sociology) Research Master’s MA (Journalism) Coursework MA (Journalism) Research Master’s MA (Latin) Coursework MA (Latin) Research Master’s MA (Marketing Communication) Research Master’s MA (Philosophy) Research Master’s MA (Philosophy) Coursework MA (Politics) Research Master’s MA (Psychology) Research Master’s MA (Semitic Languages and Cultures) Coursework MA (Semitic Languages and Cultures) Research Master’s MA (Social Impact Assessment) Coursework MA (Social Work) Research Master’s MA (Sociology) Coursework MA (Sociology) Research Master’s MA (Strategic Communication) Coursework MA (Urban Studies) Research Master’s

PhD (African Languages) PhD (Afrikaans) PhD (Anthropology) PhD (Applied Linguistics) PhD (Audiovisual Communication) PhD (Biblical Studies) PhD (Communication Studies) PhD (Corporate Communication) PhD (Development Studies) PhD (English) PhD (French) PhD (Greek) PhD (Historical Studies) PhD (Industrial Sociology) PhD (Journalism) PhD (Latin) PhD (Marketing Communication) PhD (Philosophy) PhD (Politics) PhD (Psychology) PhD (Semitic Languages) PhD (Social Work) PhD (Sociology) PhD (Urban Studies)

FACULTY OF LAW

MASTER’S DEGREE PROGRAMMES

LLM (Master of Laws by Dissertation) LLM (Master of Laws by Coursework)

DOCTORAL DEGREE PROGRAMME

LLD (Doctor of Laws)

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

MASTER DEGREE (M)

Master of Biotechnology Master of Chemistry Master of Food Technology

MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY (MPhil)

MPhil (Energy Studies) Dissertation

MASTER OF SCIENCE (MSc)

MSc (Applied Mathematics) Dissertation MSc (Aquatic Health) Dissertation and Lectured MSc (Biochemistry) Dissertation MSc (Biodiversity and Conservation) Dissertation MSc (Botany) Dissertation MSc (Chemistry) Dissertation MSc (Computer Science) Dissertation MSc (Environmental Management) Lectured MA (Environmental Management) Lectured MSc (Geography) Dissertation / MA (Geography) Dissertation MSc (Geology) Dissertation MSc (Informatics) Dissertation / MCom (Informatics) Dissertation MSc (Information Technology) Dissertation MSc (Mathematical Statistics) Dissertation MSc (Mathematics) Dissertation MSc (Nanoscience) Lectured MSc (Physics) Dissertation MSc (Zoology) Dissertation

DOCTOR OF TECHNOLOGY (DTech)

DTech (Biotechnology)

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (PhD)

PhD (Applied Mathematics) PhD (Aquatic Health) PhD (Biochemistry) PhD (Biodiversity and Conservation) PhD (Botany) PhD (Chemistry) PhD (Computer Science) PhD (Energy Studies) PhD (Environmental Management) PhD (Geography) PhD (Geology) PhD (Informatics) PhD (Mathematical Statistics) PhD (Mathematics) PhD (Physics) PhD (Zoology)

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UJ Courses and Requirements for 2023: List of Bachelor’s Degrees, Diplomas, and Certificate Courses Offered at UJ

Get to know the university of johannesburg (uj) courses and requirements for 2023. this list includes all the courses offered at the uj, as well as the admission requirements..

University of Johannesburg (UJ) is a public university in South Africa that offers various undergraduate bachelor’s degrees and postgraduate programmes in various fields. Prospective students interested in applying to and studying at the University of Johannesburg must be familiar with their admission requirements and the courses offered at UJ in the 2023 academic year.

Prospective students can use this information as a guide when applying to and researching the UJ programs. Explore the list of UJ courses and programmes below, along with details about each subject, its relevance, its entry requirements, and much more!

Table of Contents

University of Johannesburg UJ Courses and Requirements 2023

University of Johannesburg (UJ) offers a wide range of courses at both the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. To apply to UJ, you will need to meet the minimum requirements for the specific course you are interested in.

At the undergraduate level, UJ offers courses in a variety of disciplines, including engineering, business, science, and more. To be eligible to apply for an undergraduate course, UJ requires applicants to have a National Senior Certificate (NSC) with a minimum of 30% in the language of learning and teaching of the higher education institution as certified by Umalusi, coupled with an achievement rating of 4 (Adequate Achievement, 50-59%) or better in four subjects chosen from the following recognized 20-credit NSC subject. For some courses, additional requirements may be needed, such as a portfolio or an entrance test.

UJ Minimum entry requirements for Diploma ; The minimum admission requirement is a National Senior Certificate (NSC) with a minimum of 30% in the language of learning and teaching of the higher education institution as certified by Umalusi, coupled with an achievement rating of 3 (Moderate Achievement, 40-49%) or better in four recognized NSC 20-credit subjects. institutional and programme needs may require appropriate combinations of recognized National Senior Certificate subjects and levels of achievement. For example, a Diploma in Data metrics might require a pass at a prescribed level in Mathematics or Information Technology.

At the postgraduate level, UJ offers both masters and doctoral degrees. To be eligible to apply for a postgraduate course at UJ, applicants must have at least an undergraduate degree from a recognized university, as well as meet the specific requirements of the chosen course. UJ also offers a number of research opportunities at both the Masters and PhD level.

UJ also offers short courses for students who want to learn more about a specific topic or area of interest. Whether you are looking to study at the undergraduate or postgraduate level, the University of Johannesburg has a range of courses to suit your needs. For more information on their courses and requirements, please check the University of Johannesburg (UJ) Prospectus here.

Here is a brief overview of the UJ courses on offer and the requirements for each:

University of Johannesburg (UJ) bachelor degree courses

The University of Johannesburg (UJ) offers a variety of bachelor degree courses, all of which are designed to provide students with the skills and knowledge needed to succeed in their chosen field.

UJ’s bachelor degree courses cover a wide range of subjects, from business and management to engineering and technology. No matter what your interests or career goals, there is sure to be a UJ bachelor degree course that is right for you.

Some of the most popular UJ bachelor degree courses include:

• BEd in Foundation Phase Teaching (Grades R-3)
• BEd in Intermediate Phase Teaching (Grades 4-7)
• BEd in Senior Phase and FET Teaching (Grades 7-12)
• Architecture
• Fashion Design Fashion Production
• Graphic (Communication) Design
• Industrial Design
• Interior Design
• Jewelry Design and Manufacture
• Multimedia ( Digital) Design
• Visual (Fine) Art
• Biomedical Sciences
• Chiropractic
• Emergency Medical Care
• Environmental Health
• Complementary Medicine
• Human Anatomy and Physiology
• Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences (Radiography)
• Sport and Movement Studies
• Anthropology and Development Studies
• Politics and International Relations​
• Religion Studies
• Social Work
• Mercantile Law
• Practical Business Law
• Private Law
• Procedural Law
• Academy of Computer Science and Software Engineering
• Biochemistry
• Biotechnology and Food Technology
• Botany & Plant Biotechnology
• Chemical Sciences
• Geography, Environmental Management & Energy Studies
• Mathematics and Applied Mathematics

Each of these courses is designed to give students the skills and knowledge they need to succeed in their chosen field. So, if you are looking for a challenging and rewarding bachelor’s degree course, look no further than the University of Johannesburg.

To learn more about the courses offered at UJ, visit the university’s website at https://www.uj.ac.za/

University of Johannesburg (UJ) postgraduate courses

University of Johannesburg (UJ) offers a wide range of postgraduate courses to suit your needs and interests. Whether you’re looking to further your career or pursue a new passion, UJ has a course for you.

UJ’s postgraduate courses are divided into four main categories: arts and humanities, business and management, education, and science and engineering. Within each category, there are a variety of courses to choose from, so you can find the perfect fit for your goals.

Arts and humanities courses at UJ include subjects such as English, history, and philosophy. Business and management courses cover topics like accounting, finance, and marketing. Education courses prepare you for a career in teaching or educational administration. And science and engineering courses cover disciplines such as mathematics, physics, and computer science.

No matter what your interests are, UJ has a postgraduate course that can help you achieve your goals.

University of Johannesburg (UJ) Diploma Courses/ Diploma Courses at UJ

University of Johannesburg (UJ) offers a wide range of diploma courses to choose from. You can study full-time or part-time, and there are many different pathways to suit your needs.

Whether you’re looking to upskill for your current job, change careers, or start your own business, UJ has a diploma course that can help you achieve your goals. Some of the most popular diploma courses at UJ include business, engineering, IT, and marketing.

Each diploma course is designed to give you the skills and knowledge you need to succeed in your chosen field. You’ll learn from experienced lecturers and have the opportunity to gain practical experience through work placements and projects.

So, if you’re looking for a challenging and rewarding learning experience, consider studying for a diploma at UJ. With so many different courses on offer, you’re sure to find one that’s perfect for you.

• Advanced Diploma in Financial Markets
• Advanced Diploma in Transportation Management
• Advanced Diploma in Logistics
• Advanced Diploma in People Performance Management
• Advanced Diploma in School Leadership and Management
• Diploma in Architecture
• Diploma in Fashion Production
• Diploma in Jewellery Design and Manufacture
• Diploma in Accounting
• Diploma in Business Information Technology
• Diploma in Financial Services Operation
• Diploma in Food and Beverage Operations
• Diploma in Human Resource Management
• Diploma in Logistics
• Diploma in Marketing
• Diploma in Retail Business Management
• Diploma in Small Business Management
• Diploma in Tourism Management
• Diploma in Transportation Management
• Diploma in Emergency Medical Care
• Diploma in Sport Management
• Diploma in Public Relations and Communication
• Diploma in Analytical Chemistry
• Diploma in Biotechnology
• Diploma in Food Technology

University of Johannesburg (UJ) Higher Certificate Courses/ Higher Certificate Courses at UJ

University of Johannesburg (UJ) offers a variety of higher certificate courses that can help you further your education and career. Higher certificate courses at UJ can provide you with the skills and knowledge you need to succeed in your chosen field, and can also help you progress on further study at a higher level.

UJ offers a wide range of higher certificate courses, covering a number of different subject areas. Whether you’re looking to study business, engineering, information technology, or another subject entirely, UJ is sure to have a course that’s right for you. And, with courses available both full-time and part-time, you can study at a pace that suits you.

For more information on UJ’s Certificate courses, please visit the UJ website or contact their Admissions Office

University of Johannesburg (UJ) Bridging Courses

University of Johannesburg (UJ) offers various bridging courses to help you transition into the university-level study. These courses are designed to improve your academic skills and knowledge and to give you a taste of what university life is like.

UJ’s bridging courses are open to all students, regardless of their previous qualifications. University of Johannesburg (UJ) offers a range of bridging courses, For more information on UJ’s bridging courses, please visit the UJ website or contact their Admissions Office

The University of Johannesburg (UJ) offers various Bachelor degrees in various fields. Prospective students interested in applying to and studying at the University of Johannesburg must be familiar with their admission requirements and the courses offered at this institute. Prospective students can use this information as a guide when applying to and researching the UJ programs. To find out more about UJ’s degree programs, admissions requirements, and other details, visit their website at www.UJ.ac.za

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University Of Johannesburg (UJ) Courses And Requirements

The University of Johannesburg (UJ) offers a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate courses in a variety of fields, including: Arts, Design and Architecture, Business Management Education, Engineering and Built Environment, Health Sciences, Humanities Law Science.

Course Requirements

The specific course requirements vary depending on the course you are interested in.

However, there are some general requirements that all UJ students must meet, including: A National Senior Certificate (NSC) with a minimum of 30% in four subjects, including English and Mathematics.

A minimum APS score of 21.

A completed UJ application form.

International Students International students must also meet the following requirements: A valid passport.

A student visa.

Proof of English proficiency

How to Apply To apply to UJ, you can visit the UJ website and create an online application.

You will need to submit the following documents: Your completed UJ application form.

Your NSC results.

Any other required documents, such as proof of English proficiency or a student visa.

UJ Courses, Here is a list of some of the most popular courses offered at UJ: Bachelor of Arts in Communication and Media Studies, Bachelor of Commerce in Accounting, Bachelor of Engineering in Civil Engineering, Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Bachelor of Laws (LLB), Master of Business Administration, (MBA) Master of Education, Master of Engineering, Master of Science, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD).

What Are The Minimum Requirements To Study At UJ?

The minimum requirements to study at the University of Johannesburg (UJ) are as follows: A National Senior Certificate (NSC) with a minimum of 30% in four subjects, including English and Mathematics.

Please note that these are the minimum requirements, and some courses may have additional requirements.

For example, some courses may require a higher APS score or specific subjects to be passed.

You can find the specific requirements for each course on the UJ website.

If you are an international student, you will also need to meet the following requirements:

A valid passport.

Proof of English proficiency.

How to Apply To apply to UJ, you can visit the UJ website and create an online application

The application deadline for first-year students is 30 September each year.

However, it is important to apply early, as some courses may close early if they reach their capacity.

What Courses Can You Study At UJ?

The University of Johannesburg (UJ) offers a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate courses in a variety of fields, including: Arts, Design and Architecture.

Business Management Education, Engineering and Built Environment, Health Sciences Humanities, Law Science.

Here is a list of some of the most popular courses offered at UJ: Bachelor of Arts in Communication and Media Studies, Bachelor of Commerce in Accounting, Bachelor of Engineering in Civil Engineering, Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Bachelor of Laws (LLB), Master of Business Administration (MBA), Master of Education, Master of Engineering, Master of Science, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD).

In addition to these traditional academic programs, UJ also offers a variety of professional and vocational programs, such as: Certificate in Project Management, Diploma in Information Technology, Advanced Diploma in Business Administration, Bachelor of Technology in Engineering.

UJ also offers a variety of short courses and workshops in a variety of fields.

To find out more about the specific courses offered at UJ, you can visit the UJ website.

You can also search for courses by faculty or by keyword.

How Many Qualifications Can You Apply For At UJ?

Applicants to the University of Johannesburg (UJ) can apply for two study choices per academic year.

These study choices may not be amended once they have been chosen.

For example, if you are interested in studying Bachelor of Arts in Communication and Media Studies and Bachelor of Commerce in Accounting, you can apply for both of these courses as your two study choices.

However, if you are admitted to both courses, you will need to choose which one you want to study.

UJ does simultaneous admissions, so if you qualify for both of your study choices, you will be admitted/provisionally selected for both choices.

It is then up to you to decide which course you want to register for.

If you are unsure which courses to apply for, you can contact the UJ Student Centre for advice.

They can help you to choose courses that are aligned with your interests and academic strengths.

I hope this information is helpful.

Please let me know if you have any other questions.

How Long Does It Take For UJ To Accept You?

The University of Johannesburg (UJ) aims to process all applications within 48 hours for online applicants and 5 working days for hardcopy applicants.

However, it is important to note that this is just a guideline, and the actual processing time may vary depending on the volume of applications received.

If you have submitted an application to UJ, you can check your application status online by visiting the UJ website and entering your student or ID number and completing the CAPTCHA in the text box.

If you have not received a response from UJ within 48 hours (for online applicants) or 5 working days (for hardcopy applicants), you can contact the UJ Call Centre at 011 559 4555 for more information.

Here are some tips for increasing your chances of being accepted into UJ: Apply early.

The earlier you apply, the more time UJ will have to process your application.

Meet all of the minimum requirements for the course you are applying for.

Submit a complete and accurate application form.

Include all of the required supporting documents, such as your NSC results and any other relevant certificates.

Write a strong personal statement.

This is your opportunity to tell UJ why you are interested in studying at their university and why you are a good fit for the course you are applying for.

How Much Is The Application Fee For UJ?

The application fee for the University of Johannesburg (UJ) is R200 for hard copy applications and free for online applications.

To apply to UJ, you can visit the UJ website and create an online application.

If you are unable to pay the application fee, you can contact the UJ Student Centre to request a waiver.

Please note that the application fee is non-refundable, even if you are not admitted to UJ.

What Is The Minimum Entry Requirements For University?

The minimum entry requirements for university vary depending on the country and the institution.

However, there are some general requirements that most universities share.

In most countries, you will need to have a high school diploma or equivalent qualification in order to apply to university.

You may also need to meet specific requirements in certain subjects, such as English and mathematics.

In addition to academic requirements, many universities also consider your extracurricular activities, personal statement, and letters of recommendation when making admissions decisions.

Here are the minimum entry requirements for some popular universities around the world: United States: Most universities in the United States require a high school diploma with a GPA of 2.5 or higher.

You may also need to submit standardized test scores, such as the SAT or ACT. United Kingdom:

Most universities in the United Kingdom require a high school diploma with two A-levels or three IB diplomas.

Canada: Most universities in Canada require a high school diploma with a GPA of 70% or higher.

You may also need to submit standardized test scores, such as the SAT or ACT.

Australia: Most universities in Australia require a high school diploma with a GPA of 65% or higher.

If you are interested in applying to a specific university, you should check their website for the most up-to-date information on entry requirements.

Here are some tips for increasing your chances of being accepted into university: Meet all of the minimum requirements.

This includes having the required academic qualifications and meeting any specific subject requirements.

Get good grades.

The higher your GPA, the more likely you are to be accepted into university.

Take challenging courses.

Universities want to see that you are capable of handling rigorous academic work.

Get involved in extracurricular activities.

This shows that you are well-rounded and have a variety of interests.

This is your opportunity to tell universities why you are interested in studying at their institution and what you can contribute to the community.

Get good letters of recommendation.

Ask teachers, coaches, or mentors who know you well to write letters of recommendation for you.

Is University Of Johannesburg Open For 2024 Application?

Yes, the University of Johannesburg (UJ) is open for 2024 applications.

The application period for first-year students is from 1 April 2023 to 30 September 2023.

Please note that the application fee is R200 for hard copy applications and free for online applications.

If you have any questions about the application process, you can contact the UJ Student Centre for assistance.

How Do I Know If I’m Accepted At UJ?

There are two ways to know if you have been accepted at the University of Johannesburg (UJ): Check your application status online.

You can do this by visiting the UJ website and entering your student or ID number and completing the CAPTCHA in the text box. Receive a letter of acceptance from UJ.

This letter will be sent to you via email or post.

If you have checked your application status online and it says “Accepted”, then you have been accepted into UJ.

If you have not received a letter of acceptance within 48 hours (for online applicants) or 5 working days (for hardcopy applicants), you can contact the UJ Call Centre at 011 559 4555 for more information.

What Documents Are Needed To Apply For University?

The documents needed to apply for university vary depending on the country and the institution.

However, there are some general documents that most universities require, including: Application form: This form can usually be found on the university’s website.

You will need to fill out your personal information, academic qualifications, and extracurricular activities.

Academic transcripts: These are official records of your grades from high school or college.

You can usually request transcripts from your registrar’s office.

Standardized test scores: Many universities require students to submit standardized test scores, such as the SAT, ACT, or GRE.

You can register for these tests online or by phone.

Letters of recommendation: You will need to submit two or three letters of recommendation from teachers, coaches, or mentors who know you well.

Personal statement: This is a short essay in which you can tell the university about your academic and personal goals, and why you are interested in their institution.

In addition to these general documents, some universities may require additional documents, such as a portfolio of work (for art or design programs), a CV or resume (for business or management programs), or a research proposal (for graduate programs).

It is important to check the university’s website for specific information on the documents required for your program of interest.

You should also submit your application materials well in advance of the deadline.

Here are some tips for completing your university application: Start early.

This will give you enough time to gather all of the required documents and write a strong personal statement.

Be thorough.

Make sure to complete all of the sections of the application form and include all of the required supporting documents.

Proofread carefully.

Typos and grammatical errors can make your application look unprofessional.

Ask for help.

If you have any questions about the application process, don’t hesitate to contact the university’s admissions office.

Here’s The Information Presented In A Tabular Form:

What is the employment rate for uj graduates.

The University of Johannesburg (UJ) has a strong reputation for producing graduates who are highly sought-after by employers.

According to the UJ 2021 Graduate Outcomes Survey, 93% of UJ graduates were employed within one year of graduation.

This is significantly higher than the national average of 65%.

UJ graduates are employed in a wide range of industries, including: Accounting and finance, Banking and insurance, Business and management ,Consulting Education, Engineering, Government, Healthcare, IT, Law, Marketing and sales, Media and communications, Mining and energy,. Tourism and hospitality.

UJ’s success in preparing graduates for the workforce is due to a number of factors, including:

A strong focus on practical skills and experience Partnerships with leading employers .

A commitment to diversity and inclusion.

A supportive and nurturing learning environment .

If you are looking for a university that will prepare you for success in the workplace, then UJ is a great option to consider.

How Long Does Up Take To Respond To Applications?

How do you communicate with uj.

There are a number of ways to communicate with the University of Johannesburg (UJ).

UJ Website: The UJ website is a great resource for finding information about the university and its programs.

You can also use the website to contact specific departments and offices.

UJ Email: UJ has a number of email addresses that you can use to contact different departments and offices.

You can find a list of email addresses on the UJ website.

UJ Phone: UJ also has a number of phone numbers that you can use to contact different departments and offices.

You can find a list of phone numbers on the UJ website.

UJ Social Media: UJ is active on social media, including Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram.

You can follow UJ on social media to stay up-to-date on the latest news and events.

UJ Chatbot: UJ has a chatbot that you can use to get answers to your questions.

You can access the chatbot on the UJ website.

Here are some tips for communicating with UJ: Be clear and concise in your communication.

State your name and student number (if applicable) at the beginning of your communication.

Be polite and professional.

If you are asking a question, be as specific as possible.

If you have any attachments, make sure that they are in a format that UJ can accept.

What Is The Lowest NQF Qualification You Can Study For At The UJ?

The lowest NQF qualification you can study at the University of Johannesburg (UJ) is a National Certificate (Vocational) (NCV) Level 4.

NCV Level 4 qualifications are typically completed in one to two years and prepare students for entry-level employment in a variety of trades and occupations.

UJ offers a number of NCV Level 4 qualifications in a variety of fields, including: Business Studies, Engineering Studies, Hospitality Studies, Information Technology, Public Administration.

In addition to NCV Level 4 qualifications, UJ also offers a number of other qualifications at different NQF levels, including: National Diploma (Vocational) (NDV), Level 5 Advanced Diploma (Vocational) (ADV,) Level 6 Bachelor’s Degree, (NQF Level 7) Master’s Degree, (NQF Level 8) Doctorate (NQF Level 10).

To find out more about the specific qualifications offered at UJ, you can visit the UJ website.

Which Degree Has The Most Unemployment?

The degree with the highest unemployment rate varies depending on the country and the specific degree program.

However, in general, degrees in the humanities and social sciences tend to have higher unemployment rates than degrees in STEM fields.

According to a 2021 report by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, the following degrees have the highest unemployment rates in the United States: Fine arts (12.1%), Philosophy (9.1%), Sociology (9%), Family and consumer sciences (8.9%), Mass media (8.4%).

On the other hand, the following degrees have the lowest unemployment rates in the United States: Architecture (2.1%), Business analytics (2.2%), Agriculture (2.4%), Secondary education (2.6%), Miscellaneous education (1.8%).

It is important to note that these are just averages, and there is a great deal of variation within each degree program.

For example, some graduates of philosophy programs may go on to have successful careers in law, business, or academia, while others may struggle to find employment.

When choosing a degree program, it is important to consider your interests and career goals.

It is also important to research the job market for your chosen field and to talk to graduates of similar programs to get their insights.

Here are some tips for increasing your chances of finding employment after graduation: Network with people in your field.

Attend industry events, connect with people on LinkedIn, and reach out to alumni of your university.

Gain experience through internships and volunteer work.

This will help you to develop your skills and to make connections with potential employers.

Be prepared to relocate for a job.

The job market may be better in some areas than in others.

Be flexible and willing to learn new skills.

The job market is constantly changing, so it is important to be adaptable.

Which Career Are In Demand In South Africa?

The following careers are in demand in South Africa: Healthcare: South Africa is facing a shortage of healthcare workers, including doctors, nurses, and allied health professionals.

Education: South Africa is also facing a shortage of teachers, especially in math and science.

Information technology (IT): IT is a rapidly growing sector in South Africa, and there is a high demand for skilled IT workers. Engineering: South Africa is investing heavily in infrastructure development, and there is a high demand for engineers.

Business: South Africa is a growing economy, and there is a high demand for skilled business professionals.

In addition to these general areas, there are also a number of specific careers that are in demand in South Africa, including: Data scientist:

Data scientists are in high demand in South Africa, as businesses are increasingly looking to use data to make better decisions.

Software engineer : Software engineers are also in high demand in South Africa, as businesses are increasingly developing and using software.

Cybersecurity specialist: Cybersecurity specialists are in high demand in South Africa, as businesses are facing increasing threats from cyberattacks.

Digital marketer: Digital marketers are in high demand in South Africa, as businesses are increasingly looking to reach customers online.

Project manager: Project managers are in high demand in South Africa, as businesses are increasingly undertaking complex projects.

If you are interested in pursuing a career in one of these fields, there are a number of things you can do to increase your chances of success.

First, make sure to get the necessary education and training.

There are a number of universities and colleges in South Africa that offer programs in these fields.

Second, gain experience through internships and volunteer work.

Finally, be prepared to network with people in your field and to market yourself to potential employers.

What Is The Most Employable University In South Africa?

The University of Cape Town (UCT) is widely considered to be the most employable university in South Africa.

According to the Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) World University Rankings 2023, UCT has the best employment outcome in South Africa, with a score of 92.8.

This means that 92.8% of UCT graduates are employed within one year of graduation.

UCT is a highly ranked university, both nationally and internationally.

It is ranked first in South Africa and 237th in the world by QS.

UCT is known for its academic excellence, its strong research output, and its commitment to diversity and inclusion.

UCT graduates are highly sought-after by employers in a wide range of industries.

This is due to the fact that UCT students receive a rigorous academic education and develop the skills and knowledge that are essential for success in the workplace.

Other highly employable universities in South Africa include: University of Witwatersrand (Wits), Stellenbosch University, University of Pretoria Rhodes, University University of KwaZulu-Natal.

When choosing a university, it is important to consider your interests and career goals.

It is also important to research the employability of graduates from different universities.

However, if you are looking for a university that will give you the best chance of finding a job after graduation, then UCT is a great option to consider.

What Careers Make A Lot Of Money In South Africa?

The following careers make a lot of money in South Africa: Doctors: Doctors are the highest-paid professionals in South Africa, with an average annual salary of R1.8 million.

Lawyers: Lawyers are also well-paid in South Africa, with an average annual salary of R1.1 million.

E ngineers: Engineers are in high demand in South Africa, and they can expect to earn an average annual salary of R1 million.

Accountants: Accountants are also well-paid in South Africa, with an average annual salary of R900,000.

Investment bankers: Investment bankers are highly skilled professionals who advise businesses and governments on financial transactions.

They can expect to earn an average annual salary of R800,000.

Other careers that make a lot of money in South Africa include: Information technology (IT) professionals: IT professionals are in high demand in South Africa, and they can expect to earn a good salary.

For example, software engineers can expect to earn an average annual salary of R700,000. Sales professionals:

Sales professionals who are successful in selling complex products or services can also earn a lot of money.

For example, pharmaceutical sales representatives can expect to earn an average annual salary of R600,000.

Entrepreneurs: Entrepreneurs who are successful in building and scaling businesses can also earn a lot of money.

However, it is important to note that entrepreneurship is a risky venture, and not all entrepreneurs are successful.

It is important to note that the salary for any given career will vary depending on a number of factors, including experience, education, and the specific industry.

However, the careers listed above are generally considered to be among the highest-paying careers in South Africa.

If you are interested in pursuing a career that makes a lot of money, it is important to do your research and to choose a career that you are passionate about.

You should also be prepared to work hard and to develop the skills and knowledge that are essential for success in your chosen field.

Conclusion.

The University of Johannesburg (UJ) is a public research university located in Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.

It is one of the largest universities in South Africa, with over 50,000 students.

UJ offers a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs in a variety of fields, including business, engineering, health sciences, humanities, law, and science.

To apply to UJ, you must meet the following minimum requirements: A National Senior Certificate (NSC) with a minimum of 30% in four subjects, including English and mathematics.

A minimum APS score of 25.

Some programs may have additional requirements, such as a portfolio or specific grades in certain subjects.

You can find more information about the specific requirements for each program on the UJ website.

The application process for UJ is online.

You can create an account and submit your application on the UJ website.

The application fee is R200 for hardcopy applications and free for online applications.

Once you have submitted your application, you will need to provide supporting documents, such as your NSC results, a copy of your ID document, and proof of payment of the application fee.

If your application is successful, you will receive a letter of acceptance from UJ.

You will then need to register for your courses and pay your tuition fees.

UJ is a highly regarded university with a strong reputation for academic excellence.

UJ graduates are highly sought-after by employers in a wide range of industries.

If you are interested in studying at UJ, I encourage you to visit the UJ website and learn more about the programs that are offered.

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Our PhD Programme. To be admitted to this programme, students must fulfill the department's admission requirements and prove adequate knowledge of research methodology and the history of philosophy. Supplementary oral examinations might be required. A thesis is completed on a topic chosen in consultation with the department and written under ...

Doctoral Studies. The doctoral study is assessed on the basis of a doctoral thesis only. Like a research-based MSc student, a PhD candidate works on a single research project. The PhD dissertation differs from an MSc dissertation in that it must represent a substantial original contribution to a particular field of research.

NQF Level: 10. NQF Credits: 360. SAQA: 96969. Application Start Date: 1 April 2023. Application End Date: 30 September 2023. Campus: Auckland Park Kingsway. Contacts: UJ Call Centre 011 559-4555. Email: [email protected] . Duration of Study: 2 Years Full-Time and 5 Years Part-Time.

SAQA: 96969. Application Start Date: 1 April 2023. Application End Date: 25 January 2024. Campus: Auckland Park Kingsway. Contacts: UJ Call Centre 011 559-4555. Email: [email protected] . Duration of Study: 2 Years Full-Time and 5 Years Part-Time. Programme Fees.

[email protected] . or. College of Graduate and Professional Studies Admissions 4143 26th Ave S, Suite 100 Fargo, ND 58104. ... Learn more about admission requirements and how to apply for the MS in Clinical Counseling program. Apply Now. Why UJ Graduate Studies? Go to the previous slide. Go to the next slide.

Graduate students who choose UJ are ready for the next phase in their career. Each program is designed to help you make a transition—whether it's to a new role at your current job or a new career at your dream job. We keep our programs small, ranging from 15-35 students per cohort, so we can focus on the success of each student.

Requirements The expected time to completion is 24 months. Graduation Requirements. Successful graduates of the program complete all 60 required credits of coursework with the minimum of 3.0 cumulative GPA; meet or exceed the minimum levels of achievement through the program in discipline-specific knowledge, profession-wide competencies, and program specific-requirements; and successfully ...

As one of the only universities in the world with an accredited, all-online PhD in Clinical Research, University of Jamestown helps you advance in the field of your choice—without having to pause your career. In this program, you will master the skills necessary to conduct clinical trials, analyze research, and ensure the safety and efficacy ...

The University of Johannesburg (UJ) is a public university located in Johannesburg, South Africa.The University of Johannesburg came into existence on 1 January 2005 as the result of a merger between the Rand Afrikaans University (RAU), the Technikon Witwatersrand (TWR) and the Soweto and East Rand campuses of Vista University. Prior to the merger, the Daveyton and Soweto campuses of the ...

PhD Programmes in the Department of Accountancy. Students | Staff | Alumni & Convocation | About | Contact Us | Give to UJ | Covid-19; The Future. Reimagined. ... Your privacy: By clicking "Accept all cookies", you agree University of Johannesburg can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy ...

Additional information (e.g Special requirements from the student): The PhD project is a part of recently awarded project Population genomics of outbreaks - neutral and adaptive evolution in spruce bark beetle. The student will focus on the analysis of adaptive genome-wide variation and will closely collaborate with other members of the team ...

UJ takes it one step further, by also instilling in you the skills employers truly need: leadership, communication, and problem solving. ... General Education Requirements by Degree. A minimum of 124 semester credits must be earned. At least 36 credits must be upper-division (300-400) level. ... Graduate and Professional Studies. 4840 23 rd ...

All postgraduate programmes (Except for programmes listed below) Close: 31 October 2023 @ 12:00. FACULTY OF ENGINEERING. MEng/MPhil in Engineering Management (Course work) Close: 30 September 2023 @ 12:00. FACULTY OF EDUCATION. MEd Educational Psychology. Close: 23 June 2023 @ 12:00.

A big part of hands-on learning is working as an intern. Our dedicated Director of Career Services and Experiential Education can help you find and secure an internship. Vice President of Enrollment Management. [email protected] . The Admission Department is open M-F, 8 a.m.-5 p.m and located on the second floor of the Badal Nafus Student Center.

Explore all of the programs available to UJ students. Search for a specific field of study, or use a filter, like undergraduate or graduate programs, to narrow down your search. Filter and Search ... Graduate and Professional Studies. 4840 23 rd Avenue South. Suite 208. Fargo, ND 58104 (701)557-8071 . TTY/TDD services 1-800-366-6888 (701) 252 ...

The Accredited list of Postgraduate diploma, masters and doctorate courses offered at the University of Johannesburg, UJ and their Requirements for 2024/2025 has been released and published here. All interested aspirants or candidates who want to apply for admission in the school can now proceed and check below for the list of Postgraduate diploma, masters and doctorate courses offered in ...

One of the goals of the Psychology Department is to foster the intellectual development of our students. We achieve this goal by examining various disciplines, including counseling theories/techniques and psychotherapy best practices, while remaining rooted in the liberal arts. This teaching style promotes strong writing, communication, and ...

Selection Process. The extent to which applicants meet admission requirements is assessed by the relevant Head of Department, in consultation with the prospective supervisors, in accordance with the admission requirements for the particular doctoral programme determined by the Faculty Board, approved by Senate and contained in the relevant Faculty Rules and Regulations.

DOCTORAL DEGREE PROGRAMME (PhD) PhD (Art History) PhD (Art and Design) FACULTY OF EDUCATION. DIPLOMA PROGRAMMES. POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMA. ... University of Johannesburg UJ Admission Requirements; University of Johannesburg UJ Entrance Requirements; 2024-2025 University of Johannesburg UJ Prospectus;

Extract from the UKZN Academic Rules: a) An applicant shall not be registered for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy / a supervised Doctoral degree by research in any college unless the applicant has: satisfied the requirements for a relevant prerequisite degree as. been admitted to the status of that degree in terms of Rule GR7 (a); or.

At the postgraduate level, UJ offers both masters and doctoral degrees. To be eligible to apply for a postgraduate course at UJ, applicants must have at least an undergraduate degree from a recognized university, as well as meet the specific requirements of the chosen course.UJ also offers a number of research opportunities at both the Masters and PhD level.

The minimum requirements to study at the University of Johannesburg (UJ) are as follows: A National Senior Certificate (NSC) with a minimum of 30% in four subjects, including English and Mathematics. A minimum APS score of 21. A completed UJ application form. Please note that these are the minimum requirements, and some courses may have ...

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What happened to white Ford Bronco in O.J. Simpson car chase? It ended up in crime museum

The world stopped on June 17, 1994. And on live television, one of the most dramatic events in American pop culture history unfolded.

The scene: a slow-speed chase featuring a white Ford Bronco on an empty highway in California with scores of police vehicles in pursuit .

Inside that now-famous vehicle? O.J. Simpson , the former NFL running back turned media star, who had been charged with the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson, his ex-wife, and Ron Goldman days earlier. Friend Al "A.C." Cowlings drove while Simpson was on the phone in the backseat with a loaded gun.

Everybody knows what happened to Simpson between then and his death at age 76 from prostate cancer, which his family announced Wednesday. But what about that 1993 white Ford Bronco?

What happened to the white Ford Bronco in the O.J. Simpson chase?

The car was not Simpson's. It belonged to Cowlings. Simpson and Cowlings actually drove identical cars, but Simpson's had been seized as part of evidence-gathering for his upcoming trial.

NFL DRAFT HUB: Latest NFL Draft mock drafts, news, live picks, grades and analysis.

A 2014 USA TODAY exclusive story reported that Cowlings instructed Don Kreiss, a friend of his who worked for a sports agency, to sell it. Kreiss connected with memorabilia collector Michael Kronick. But Cowlings backed out of the deal and Kronick took him to court. Kronick sued Cowlings for damages in excess of $200,000, and they reached an undisclosed settlement in 1996.

Two months later, Stanley Stone, Cowlings' attorney, said the car was sold for $200,000. Stone did not initially identify the buyer, but the vehicle ended up with another one of his clients named Michael Pulwer.

How a 'porn king' got the white Ford Bronco

Pulwer, who made his money in pornography and was called "a porn king" by family, was an associate of Cowlings. Pulwer told a cousin he purchased the vehicle to help out Cowlings, who filed for bankruptcy in 1997. Pulwer apparently did not think the Bronco held value and the car sat in the underground parking garage at The Westford, a luxury condominium complex in Los Angeles where Pulwer lived. Apparently, the car sat idle so long pressure leaked out of the tires.

The white Ford Bronco reappears in 2010s

In May 2012, the Bronco resurfaced. From USA TODAY's 2014 story: "The Bronco appeared in Las Vegas, outside the Luxor hotel on The Strip. It was there to help publicize the opening of SCORE!, a sports memorabilia museum and exhibit. Six months later, the Bronco appeared in Greenwich, Connecticut. It was at the Brant Foundation for an exhibit featuring artist Nate Lowman, who has used a topless picture of Nicole Brown Simpson in his work."

As the 20-year anniversary of the murders of Brown and Goldman approached, USA TODAY's search for the vehicle came up empty. It didn't appear to be with Pulwer in Florida, where he had moved.

"I think we should care more about the people who were killed than the white Bronco," Pulwer told the New York Daily News.

White Ford Bronco appears on 'Pawn Stars'

In August 2017, not long before Simpson was released from a Nevada jail for committing an armed robbery, the white Ford Bronco was featured on an episode of "Pawn Stars." Mike Gilbert, a former Simpson agent, said he bought the vehicle from Cowlings.

Gilbert turned down a $500,000 offer and said he'd never sell the vehicle for less than $1 million.

White Ford Bronco now resides in museum

Next to Ted Bundy's Volkswagen Bug and John Dillinger's red Essex Terraplane, the 1993 white Ford Bronco now resides in the Alcatraz East Crime Museum in Pigeon Forge, Tennessee.

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Live updates, owners of ford bronco used in oj simpson chase ready to sell infamous suv — and want at least $1.5m.

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The infamous white Ford Bronco carrying OJ Simpson in a low-speed chase across Los Angeles after the murders of his ex-wife and her friend may finally be up for sale — with the hope of getting at least $1.5 million.

The 1993 SUV’s three owners – Simpson’s former agent Michael Gilbert and two friends of longtime pal Al Cowlings, who was behind the wheel June 17, 1994 – told Cllct they plan to cash in on the new interest following last week’s death of the disgraced NFL great.

“Before OJ passed, we had always thought this was going to be the year we were going to sell because it’s the 30th anniversary,” Gilbert told the outlet. “Who knows if we are all going to be around for the 35th or the 40th?”

The three owners told Clict that the last offer they received for the Bronco — which has been on loan to the Alcatraz East Crime Museum in Pigeon Forge, Tennessee, since 2016 — was $750,000.

But they are now hoping to get at least $1.5 million in a public or private sale, according to the outlet.

Nearly 100 million people were glued to TV screens as Simpson hid in the back seat of the Bronco, which Cowlings was driving leisurely along a Southern California interstate while being followed by a convoy of police cars.

Simpson eventually arrived at his Brentwood mansion, where officers negotiated for the former NFL star to surrender in the brutal deaths of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman.

The Bronco spent 17 years parked in a condominium garage in LA before it went to the Luxor Hotel in Las Vegas, where it was used to help open a sports museum, according to Clict.

It then made its way to Gilbert’s home.

“My wife didn’t like it there. She wanted her parking spot back,” he told the outlet, so the SUV was eventually moved to Alcatraz East.

 In 1996, Cowlings agreed to sell the Bronco for $75,000 to Startifacts, a celebrity memorabilia shop in Las Vegas.

“We found out that the company was going to rent the vehicle to a company in LA called Grave Line Tours that visited famous graves,” Gilbert told ESPN .

“They were going to re-enact the chase with the Bronco and then take people to Nicole [Brown Simpson’s] grave. The trial hadn’t taken place yet, and we didn’t want people thinking anyone associated with O.J. did this,” he added.

Cowlings ultimately sold his Bronco to Gilbert and his two friends.

The iconic SUV only has about 32,000 miles on the odometer.

Simpson, who died of prostate cancer last week, was acquitted on criminal charges that he killed his former wife and pal. He was later found liable in a civil suit and ordered to pay the families $33.5 million in damages.

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